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Grasslands
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| row-crop agriculture | contributed significantly to the alteration of U.S. grasslands |
| Overgrazing | contributed significantly to the alteration of U.S. grasslands |
| TRANSCONTINENTAL RAILROAD | destroyed grasslands |
| preferred forage | degreasers |
| increaser | less palatable |
| Invaders | unpalatable |
| metabolic reserve | process of generating energy |
| Biotic soil crusts | lichens/algae |
| Grazing fees | amount of forage needed for a cow and calf for a month |
| spent on grazing management | 143.6 million |
| grazing fees received | 18.5 million |
| Rage land | grazed by animals |
| Rotational Grazing | mimic traditional grazing by migrating herbivores |
| Keystone species | critical to how an ecosystem function |
| Foundation species | Habitat creators/modifiers/regulators |
| Wildlife corridors | wildlife connectors through fragmentation |
| carrying capacity | The amount of life the are can support |
| prescribed burning, food plots, water development, hunting, mechanical and chemical control of woody vegetation, mowing | Active management |
| Refuges/reserves | protected places |
| Largest grassland | Little Missouri, Buffalo Gap, and Comanche |
| Livestock Association agreement | Private grazing allowed |
| recreation, energy development, fossil recovery | Multiple Use |
| cover 1.26 million acres | Dakota Prairie Grasslands |
| MWR operated to have positive economic impact on surrounding communities | Majete Wildlife Reserve |
| Managed by South Africa National Parks | Kruger National Park |
| Life history adjustments | Increased population growth |
| Temperate Grasslands | Mongolian steppe ecosystem |
| Toson Khulstai Natrue Reserve | Funtional groups very similar to America |
| herbivore grazing | maintained biodiversity and system function |
| TNC | management focused on restoration/mimicking of herbivory |
| Minimization of impacts 1 | 1. Avoid |
| Northern American Coastal Plain | 36th Biodiversity Hotspot |
| Conservation priorities 1 | 1. Reduce population growth and urban sprawl |
| Conservation priorities 2 | 2. Identify and protect climate refugia and finer-scale hotspots |
| Conservation priorities 3 | 3. Create/restore corridors |
| Conservation priorities 4 | 4. Restore disturbance (fire) and hydrologic regimes |
| Minimization of impacts 2 | 2. Minimize |
| Minimization of impacts 3 | 3. Restore |
| Minimization of impacts 4 | 4. offset |
| Prairie Pothole region | high nest success rate |
| North American Waterfowl Management Plan | Wetland restoration and protection |
| Federal Duck Stamp | Migratory Bird Hunting Stamp Ac |
| Joint Ventures | federal-state-local-landowner partnership |
| North American Wetland Conservation Act 1989 | Joint Ventures |
| Harvest Regulations | Adaptive Harvest Management |
| Adaptive Harvest Management | Flyway Councils recommend harvest level |
| 4 sources of uncertainty 1 | Environment variation |
| 4 sources of uncertainty 2 | Partial controllability |
| 4 sources of uncertainty 3 | Partial observation |
| 4 sources of uncertainty 4 | sources of uncertainty |
| Invasive species | Can become dominant on Overgrazed or Under grazed |
| Halogeton | poisonous weed that leaks salt into the soil to favor itself |
| Cheatgrass | aggressive grass, tolerant of grazing/fire, prolific seed producer |
| Green stripping | planting green plants |
| Leafy spurge | toxic perennial weed |
| allelopathic chemicals | makes soil unusable by native plants |
| Biocontrol | controlling pests using other organisms |
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001383842
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