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BOC studying 8
Exercise Physiology
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What can be defined as the training effect on the cardiac system? | Cardiac output (CO) + increased stroke volume (SV) + decreased heart rate (HR) |
| When reading an exercise prescription, what statement represents the frequency of exercise? | 3 sessions a week |
| What 3 different lipoproteins make up total cholesterol? | LDL, HDL, and very low density lipoproteins (VLDL) |
| During vigorous activity, accessory muscles come into play to aid respiration. During inspiration, these muscles include the _ and _ | Sternocleidomastoid, scalenes |
| In very cold environments, the athlete's body will attempt to produce heat through many different mechanisms. One of these methods is by hypothalamic stimulation of what? | Thyroid gland |
| A basketball player comes limping off the court complaining of a hamstring spasm. What procedure would be the most effective in reducing the spasm? | Static stretch of the involved muscle |
| A patient who is hyperflexible is subject to what types of injures? | Sprains and strains |
| Interval training would be appropriate for all the following sports | Football soccer volleyball basketball |
| During what season would it be beneficial for an athlete to participate in a sport (non his primary sport) to maintain an adequate level of fitness? | Off season |
| What principles must be adhered to when designing a training program for an athlete in order to obtain optimal training effects? | Overload Specificity Progression Consistency |
| Changes that take place as a result of resistive exercise | Increased ligament strength increased mineral content of bone improved maximal oxygen uptake increased tendon strength |
| Under what conditions is the tension created in a muscle the greatest during exercise? | When the interaction between the cross-bridges of the actin and myosin myofilaments are at a maximum |
| _ and _ determine the amount of blood that is pumped through the heart in a given period of time. | Respiratory rate, cardiac output |
| If a 20 year old is exercising at 80% of his maximal heart rate, his target rate would be calculated to equal what? | 200 bpm |
| In order to improve a patient's flexibility, PNF techniques may in incorporated into a training program. Which of the following techniques involves an isotonic contraction during the 'push' phase? | Contract relax |
| When bench pressing a barbell, the triceps and pectoralis major musculature contract in what manner during the 'lift' phase? | Concentrically |
| What type of training program is most beneficial if the coach or AT is trying to improve muscular strength and flexibility? | Circuit training |
| If an athlete is not well hydrated, is in poor physical condition in the beginning of a sport season, and is exercising in hot, humid environment, she may be susceptible to heat injuries. What area of the body that is responsible for thermoregulation? | Hypothalamus |
| Year-round sports conditioning is developed through the concept of periodization. Periodization is an approach that allows the athlete to train in stages. What describes the different phases in periodization? | Postseason, off-season, preseason, in-season |
| The purpose of a proper cool down period after exercising is to _ and _ | Help the blood return to the heart to be reoxygenated, and decrease muscular lactic acid build up |
| What type of exercise utilizes a rapid stretch of the muscle eccentrically followed by a rapid concentric contraction and is used to develop explosive movements? | Plyometrics |
| Developing significant muscle bulk is dependent on the levels present in the body of which hormones? | Testosterone |
| To help prevent an athlete from developing hypothermia while playing in very cold weather, what should the AT advise the athlete to do? | Wear a hooded sweatshirt |
| One of your lacrosse players has blonde hair, light green eyes, and a fair complexion. You suggest she wear sunscreen with what level of SPF? | 30 |
| An asthmatic patient lives and trains in an urban area is susceptible to the effect of air pollution. To avoid an asthma attack while training, the AT should recommend the patient train at what time of day? | Late afternoon |
| You have a black patient with known sickle cell disease who is training in high altitudes for a long distance road race. This patient might be at risk for what? | Ruptured spleen |
| Unlimited access to fluids is critical during hot weather because the patient will seat more. Sweat is hypotonic, which means the patient is likely to experience what imbalance? | Water loss in excess of salt loss |
| Delayed onset muscle soreness can occur with high intensity exercise. What types of exercise is most likely to cause DOMS? | Plyometric |
| If a joint capsule is stretched beyond its physiological limitations causing a reflexive muscle contractions, what law is being demonstrated? | Hilton's Law |
| When performing a urinalysis with a dipstick for abnormal glucose and protein levels, what are considered abnormal findings? | +2 +3 +4 |
| Why are men generally stronger than women? | Women have a lower strength:body weight ratio |
| What physiological adaptations occurs in skeletal muscle during endurance training? | Increased aerobic enzyme activity increase myoglobin levels increase mitochondrial density |
| During a 400 meter sprint, what energy system is predominant? | Anaerobic glycolysis system |
| What effect does aerobic exercise have on a patient's diastolic blood pressure? | It will remain closely the same level as at rest |
| Footstrike anemia can be controlled by having the athlete wear well cushioned shoes, limiting running to very soft surfaces, and teaching the athlete to land lightly on her feet while exercising. What is this condition called? | Hemolysis |
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opaltafe
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