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U1: APWH
Unit 1: The Global Tapestry Syllabus 9.26.22 (test on Wednesday, 28)
Question | Answer |
---|---|
What did the Song China economy depend on? | peasant and artisanal labor, even though they were on the bottom of the social pyramid |
What is Confucianism? | a philosophy that focuses on the importance of personal ethics and morality |
How did the Song Dynasty rule? | traditional methods of Confucianism and an imperial bureaucracy |
How were political officials chosen in Song China? | the Civil Service Examination system |
What is Buddhism? | a religion that believes that the human life is one of suffering and that meditation, spiritual and physical labor, and good behavior are the ways to achieve enlightenment or nirvana |
Who does Buddhism worship? | they don't worship anyone, but Siddhartha Gautama, the prince who founded Buddhism is very important |
What is Theravada Buddhism? | Oldest form of Buddhism and the closest to original, meditation=nirvana, individual responsibility to attain Nirvana, respected Buddha as a teacher not as a god |
What is Mahayana Buddhism? | Newer form of Buddhism, more varied, incorporates ideas from other religions, others' support is necessary to reach nirvana |
What is Tibetan Buddhism? | emphasizes a 3 step path to enlightenment which includes a focus on the mind |
What is champa rice? | quick-maturing rice that was able to help grow populations quickly and allow the specialization of labor in Ancient Asia (especially Song China) |
What does the term "Dar-al-Islam" mean? | House of Islam |
In what locations was Islam commonly practiced before 900 CE? | Middle East, North Africa, Western Europe |
In what locations was Islam commonly practiced after 900 CE? | spread to East Africa, West Africa, Eastern Europe, Northern Indian, Southeastern Asia |
Where did Islam begin? | Mecca, Saudi Arabia |
What was the Abbasid Caliphate? | the height of Islam, the caliphate became a center of learning and innovation |
What happened when the Abbasid Caliphate fragmented? | new Islamic political organizations emerged, most of which were dominated by Turkic peoples |
How did Muslim rule continue to expand to many parts of Afro-Eurasia? | military expansion, the activities of merchants, and the Sufi missionaries |
Who were the Mamluks? | non-Muslims Turkic boys who were enslaved by Abbasid caliphs, forcibly converted to Islam and became soldiers... they eventually overthrew an Egyptian sultanate to form their own sultanate |
What are the followers of Islam called? | Muslims |
Who does Islam worship? | Allah, one all-knowing god; Islam is monotheistic |
What were the main religions of ancient Europe? | CHRISTIANITY, Islam, Judaism |
What were the two main groups of Christianity in ancient Europe? | Roman Catholicism and Eastern Orthodox |
Where was the majority of the Roman Catholic population found? | Western Europe |
Where was the majority of the Eastern Orthodox population found? | Eastern Europe (the Byzantine Empire) |
What was the Byzantine Empire? | continuation of the Roman Empire in the east after the collapse of the Western Roman Empire |
Roman Catholics vs Muslims in the Iberian Peninsula | Roman Catholics kick the Muslims out of the peninsula |
Eastern Orthodox Byzantine Empire vs the Ottoman Muslim empire in Southeastern Europe | the Ottoman Empire takes over the Byzantines |
What were the crusades? | a series of holy wars between the Catholics trying to gain control of the holy land Jerusalem from the Muslims who occupied it |
What were the Dark Ages? | between the fall of Rome and the Renaissance |
What was feudalism? | landowning nobles governed and protected the people in return for services (different from serfdom- serfdom was forced, like slavery) |