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World History - Ch 8

Chapter 8 - Asia in Transition - Vocab

TermDefinition
junks European name for large and sturdy Asian ships.
queue Hair that is tied in a tail, common among Asians; meant to symbolize Chinese submission to Manchu rule.
philology The study of the history of literature and language
Hsüan-yeh A Qing (not Chinese, but followed Chinese customs) emperor; strengthened and expanded the empire, and also opened Chinese ports to foreign trade
White Lotus Rebellion A revolt led by members of a Buddhists cult (the White Lotus Society)
free trade A form of trade in which supporters of it argued that the government should not restrict or interfere with international trade
extraterritoriality The requirement that foreigners must follow the laws of their home country instead of the laws of the country they are currently living in
"unequal" treaties Treaties signed by the Chinese under the pressure of defeat and fear of further invasion
Opium War Conflict between China and Britain, caused by the Chinese trying to stop the opium trade
Treaty of Nanjing Treaty in which the Chinese gave the islands of Hong Kong to the British
Taiping Rebellion A rebellion led by a Christian-influenced Chinese started in the 1850s, Hong Xiuquan, causing massive destruction in southern China and the Yangtze valley, killing millions, before the Qing dynasty put an end to it in the 1870s.
consulates Diplomatic offices headed by consuls (an official appointed by government to live in a foreign city to protect the foreign citizens and interests)
Oda Nobunaga An overlord of Japan who captured Kyoto in 1568, ended the Ashikaga shogunate, died by committing seppuku.
Toyotomi Hideyoshi Was a top general in Nobunaga's army, succeeding Nobunaga after his death; attempted to take territory in Korea, but was stopped by the Chinese aiding Korea, and the ambition was abandoned after his death
Tokugawa Ieyasu Succeeded Hideyoshi as overlord, establishing the capital at Edo, which later became present-day Tokyo; he became shogun in 1603, establishing a shogunate named after him lasting more than 250 years
Matthew Perry A commodore sent by the United States along with a powerful naval force to Japan to negotiate a treaty that would guarantee safety of U.S. sailors and open Japanese ports to American trade; his arrival caused controversy to spread through Japan
Treaty of Kanagawa The treaty signed between the shogunate and the U.S., opening two ports for Americans to obtain fuel, shelter, and supplies, also permitting trade to begin between the two nations
Created by: BurkeNHI
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