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Unit 2 - Vocabulary

Age of Revolutions

TermDefinition
Estates General France's traditional national assembly with representatives of the three estates, or classes, in French society: the clergy, nobility, and commoners. The calling of the Estates General in 1789 led to the French Revolution.
Bourgeoisie the middle class, including merchants, industrialists, and professional people
Coup d'etat a sudden overthrow of the government
Reign of Terror (1793-1794) The most violent and radical period of the French Revolution. During this time, nearly 40,000 people were executed.
Guillotine A machine for beheading people, used as a means of execution during the French Revolution.
Versailles A palace built by Louis XIV outside of Paris; it was home to Louis XVI and Marie Antoinette
Bastille Medieval fortress that was converted to a prison stormed by peasants for ammunition during the early stages of the French Revolution.
Tennis Court Oath A pledge made by the members of France's National Assembly in 1789, in which they vowed to continue meeting until they had drawn up a new constitution
Constitution A document which spells out the principles by which a government runs and the fundamental laws that govern a society
National Assembly a French congress established by representatives of the Third Estate on June 17, 1789, to enact laws and reforms in the name of the French people
Revolution a forcible overthrow of a government or social order in favor of a new system.
Articles of Confederation 1st Constitution of the U.S. 1781-1788 (weaknesses-no executive, no judicial, no power to tax, no power to regulate trade)
Declaration of Independence the document recording the proclamation of the second Continental Congress (4 July 1776) asserting the independence of the colonies from Great Britain
Declaration of the Rights of Man and Citizen French Revolution document that outlined what the National Assembly considered to be the natural rights of all people and the rights that they possessed as citizens
Encomeinda System A form of forced and unpaid labour used by Spanish authorities and settlers over the Natives in the colonies of the Spanish Empire
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