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Hermeneutics Exam 1
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What is Hermeneutics? | the art and science of explaining the meaning of Scripture. a process whereby we are going to learn to interpret and explain the meaning of Scripture |
| Is the term hermeneutics in the Bible? | No. but it does come from the Greek word, hermeneuein |
| what does hermeneuein mean | to explain or interpret |
| Why is hermeneutics a science and an art? | as a science it follows rules with a system. as an art, it takes practice. |
| what is needed in the art of interpretation of Scripture? | Humility. |
| Why is Hermeneutics needed? | To know what God has said, to avoid incorrect interpretation. to apply Scripture properly. |
| What is the goal of hermeneutics? | to understand God's message in Scripture. Every Scripture has one meaning, but multiple applications. |
| What are some barriers to hermeneutics? | 1. time 2. culture 3. geography 4. language 5. confusing the illumination of the Holy Spirit with the need for study. 6. presuppositions |
| Preunderstanding | all preconceived, conscious and subconscious notions and understandings that we bring to the text. |
| Origins of preunderstandings | 1. Sunday school, church, Bible studies 2. hymns and Christian pop music 3. jokes 4. art 5. nonbiblical literature |
| 4 Dangerous preunderstandings | 1. Pride 2. Theological Agenda 3. Familiarity 4. Cultural baggage |
| True or false, everyone has a pre-understanding | true |
| Define interpretational reflex | the automatic transportation of the Biblical text into our cultural world. |
| Define a foundational belief | those beliefs that ae connected to our overall view of the Bible |
| Evangelical Foundational Beliefs | The Bible is the Word of God. The Bible is trustworthy and true. The Bible is not contradictory; it is unified, yet diverse. God has entered into human history; thus the supernatural does occur. |
| Prima Scriptura | The Bible is the primary, but not the only authority. Roman catholics and eastern orthodox interpreters view Scripture on an equal plane with tradition |
| Sola Scriptura | Scripture is the sole authority. Protestant reformer view. |
| Peshat | A literal method of interpretation, what the writing would have meant to the original audience |
| Halakah | Oral teachings about how to live out the law. Recorded in the mishnah |
| Haggadah | Interpretation and explanation of Scripture often in narratives. Compiled in the midrash |
| Antiochian School | Literal-historical approach to interpretation. Followed more exegetical methods of interpretation. Supporters: Theodore of Mopsuestia. John Chrysostom (the golden-mouthed preacher). Jerome. |
| what are the 2 methods of rabbinic interpretation | Halakah and haggadah |
| Pesher | a Jewish method of interpretation. A "this or that" approach where prophecy explained contemporary events. Used by the Qumran community. Emphasized application over ooriginal meaning. typological |
| what does the mishna contain ? | the halakah |
| what does the midrash contain | haggadah |
| Why does inspiration matter? | If the Bible is not God’s inspired Word, then it is not: A reliable witness of God’s revelation. An authoritative document for life and practice. If the Bible is not God’s Word, what religious book is correct? It influences how we behave… |
| Inerrancy | no error |
| Autographs | Original writings |
| infallibility | God's Word cannot be broken or fail |
| Illumination | the Holy Spirit's ongoing work of bringing believers to understand and receive the truth of Scripture |
| The Holy Spirit | -Does not make correct interpretation automatic -does not create new meaning or provide new information -expects us to use our minds, proper interpretive methods, and good study to interpret the Bible accurately -there is nothing unspiritual in study |
| Three historical interpretive frameworks | Allegorical, literal, and typological. |
| Christian typology | interprets OT passages in light of possible connections to Christ |
| Type | Person or thing in the Bible representing some person, thing, or event that would appear in the future. not a spoken word |
| antitype | the fulfillment of the type |
| What is typology | the study of types found in the Bible. God's object lessons to humanity. They often have prophetic significance. |
| What are types? | a person or thing in the Bible that God has designed to represent or picture some person, thing, or event that would appear in the future. the antitype is the fulfillment of the type. |
| What are the three basic categories of types? | Personal types, historical types, and ritual types. |
| Hellenization | the adoption of the Greek culture |
| Allegory | a Jewish interpretive method where one thing represents another revealing a deeper hidden message. |
| True or false, Jews would use allegory to explain away unbelievable OT events | true |
| Who was the most significatn Jewish allegorist? | Philo |
| Allegory was popular in which center? | Alexandria, the center of Jewish study and literature |
| What was the main interpretive method until the reformation (1500s) | Allegory |
| Who were some of the major proponents of Christian Allegory | Clement of Alexandria, Origen, and augustine |
| Dangers of allegory | -overlooks the historical meaning -Highly subjective -Applies our preconceptions to the text |
| True or false, there are biblical allegories, they are usually explained by the speaker | true |
| Critical text | Looking at all the different versions of the texts that we have and determined which one is the closest to the original. |
| What is a translation | transferring a message from one language to another |
| what languages are you transferring when you are translating the Bible | Hebrew, aramaic, and greek |
| Difficulties of translation | No two words are exactly alike. The same word can be translated into a number of different English words. The vocabularies of any two languages vary in size. Languages utilize syntax differently. Languages have different stylistic preferences. |
| What is the vulgate? | the latin translation of the Bible completed by Jerome |
| Whycliff | first english translation. from latin to english |
| tyndale | translated the NT from greek to english |
| Challenges of the KJV | Translation is based on an inferior Greek text (called the Textus Receptus) Uses archaic English words and phrases John 8, mark 16–those finicky chapters…not in the earliest copies so people speculate about them. |
| Basics of the interpretive journey | 1. grasp the text in their town 2. measure the width of the river to cross 3. cross the principlizing bridge 4. Consult the Biblical map 5. grasp the text in their town |
| 7 Key Hermeneutical principles | 1. Context is King 2. Scripture interprets scripture 3. allow Scripture to speak for itself 4. interpret Scripture literally whenever possible 5. every passage has one meaning 6. identify ans study the genre that the text is found in 7. identify an |
| Canon | Rule or standard |
| Progressive revelation | God's self revelation over time not all at once |
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