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w.h. chp. 8&9 test
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Why was the new technology of paper making important to the Renaissance? | it allowed for the development of printing and easier spread of ideas |
| How was Italy organized politically before and during the Renaissance? | wealthy noble families controlled fragments of territory from an urban base |
| How was Humanism different from intellectual movements during the Middle Ages? | It stressed a secular world view instead of a strict religious view |
| How did Renaissance architects, such as Brunelleschi, use past styles in their designs? | they incorporated Roman forms such as domes and columns |
| Which of the following was a guiding principle of Machiavelli's "The Prince"? | rulers should allow the needs of a give situation to guide their actions in order to be politically effective |
| How did England and France participate in the northern Renaissance? | By sponsoring writers and artists |
| Which of Jan van Eyck's innovations became very influential to future artists? layering oil-based paints to add subtlety to the colors used | layering oil-based paints to add subtlety to the colors used |
| What was the focus of Christian Humanism? | reforming society |
| Which characteristic of William Shakespeare's writing followed the style of the Renaissance? | using the classics for inspiration and plots |
| Why was Johann Gutenberg's movable type so important to the Renaissance? | it helped spread ideas by making book printing faster and less expensive |
| How did the style of portraits and sculptures illustrate the ideas of the Renaissance? | they used realism to reveal the individual personality of their subjects |
| What family controlled Florence? | Medici |
| Who painted the Mona Lisa and The Last Supper? | Leonardo da Vinci |
| This artist painted "The Sistine Chapel" and carved "David" | Michelangelo |
| Who is considered the Father of Humanism? | Petrarch |
| Machiavelli"s "The Prince" was a gift of knowledge for? | Lorenzo "the Magnificent" Di Medici |
| What are Shakespeare most popular tragedies? | Macbeth, Hamlet, Othello, Romeo and Juliet, and King Lear |
| Why was it difficult for Germany to have any central authority in the 1500s? | the country was divided into competing states |
| What act ultimately led to Martin Luther's excommunication from the Catholic Church? | he threw the pope's decree into the flames |
| What was the main difference between Calvinism and Lutheranism? | Calvinism taught the doctrine of predestination |
| Which group was a later offshoot of the Anabaptists? | Amish |
| What was the main accomplishments of the Council of Trent? | 1. the Church's interpretation of the Bible was final 2. Christians need faith and good works for salvation 3. The Bible and church traditions were equally powerful authorities for guiding christian life 4. the selling of indulgences were banned |
| What caused many Jews in Spain to resettle in eastern and southern Europe? | they were trying to flee the Inquisition |
| Who were the Huguenots? | Calvinists living in France |
| Who is responsible the Reformation? | Martin Luther |
| What were Martin Luther's main ideas for reforming the church? | 1. people could win salvation only by faith in God's gift of forgiveness 2. all church teachings should be clearly based on the worlds of the Bible 3. all people with faith were equal |
| Why did Henry VIII want to annul his wedding with Catherine of Aragon? | he wanted to divorce her to marry a younger woman |
| What was the Act of Supremacy? | recognized Henry's divorce and made him as the official head of England's church |
| John Calvin believed that the ideal government was a ? | Theocracy |
| Who founded the Society of Jesus? | Ignatius of Loyola |
| What was it about the Reformation that led to the Enlightenment? | People questioned beliefs and authority during the Reformation |
| the "rebirth" and refers to a revival of art and learning is called | Renaissance |
| the everyday language of people in a region or country is called | Vernacular |
| Renaissance intellectual movement in which thinkers studied classical texts and focused on human potential and achievements is called | Humanism |
| who was a famous writer of the Elizabethan Age? | William Shakespeare |
| Who was a craftsman from Mainz, Germany, developed a printing press that incorporated a number of technology? | Johann Gutenberg |
| Who was famous painter, sculptor, inventor and scientist? | Leonardo da Vinci |
| Who was a famous sculptor, poet, architect and painter? | Michelangelo |
| What book was written by Niccolo Machiavelli that examines the imperfect conduct of human beings? | The Prince |
| Who was the wealthiest European of his time, won control of Florence's government and was the dictator of Florence? | Cosimo de Medici |
| What artist used oil based paints to develop subtle colors in clothing and jewels and influenced later artist in Northern Europe? | Jan van Eyck |
| What is a pardon called? | indulgences |
| What were followers of the Society of Jesus called? | Jesuits |
| What did Martin Luther write about attacking the "pardon merchants"? | 95 Theses |
| Who believed only a few "elect" would be saved by God? | John Calvin |
| Who began rule in 1553 and restored the Catholic Church. She established a state church for both moderate Catholics and Protestants? | Elizabeth 1 |
| What is it called to impose religious uniformity on converted Jews and Muslims, and later on the Protestansts? | Inquisition |
| She began rule and restored the Catholic Church. Some Catholics tried to have her replace her cousin Elizabeth 1 | Mary |
| Who was the King of England in 1509? | Henry VIII |
| What was a movement for religious reform called? | Refomation |
| What about witch trials? | many feared they would be accused of witchcraft |
Created by:
sophiamerando
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