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Musculoskeletal Syst
Chapter 3 MedTerm
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| ankyl/o | crooked or stiff |
| cost/o | rib |
| dactyl/o | digit or toe (polydactyly) |
| kyph/o | humpback |
| lei/o | smooth |
| lord/o | bent |
| myel/o | bone marrow or spinal cord (myelin sheath) |
| rhabd/o | rod shaped or striated |
| spondyl/o | vertebra |
| compact bone | tightly solid bone tissue |
| spongy bone/cancellous bone | mesh like bone tissue in the interior of bones |
| long bones | elongated bones in arms and legs |
| short bones | square shaped bones in wrists and ankles |
| flat bones | thin, flattened bones of the ribs, shoulder blades, pelvis and skull |
| irregular bones | bones of the vertebrae and face |
| sesamoid bones | round bones by the joint |
| epiphysis | wide ends of long bones |
| diaphysis | shaft of bones |
| metaphysis | growth plates between dia and epi |
| endosteum | membrane lining the medullary cavity |
| medullary cavity | cavity w/i the shaft of the long bones; filled with bone marrow |
| decubitus | lying down |
| epiphysis | wide ends on a long bone |
| diaphysis | shaft of the long bone |
| periosteum | a fibrous, vascular membrane that covers the bone |
| annulus fibrosus | ring of fibrocartilage and fibrous tissue forming the circumference of the intervertebral disk; surrounds the NUCLEUS PULPOSUS |
| nucleus pulposus | central portion of the vertebral disc |
| fascia | a band or sheet of fibrous connective tissue that covers, supports and separates muscle. |
| exostosis | a projection arising from a bone that develops from cartilage |
| osteoarthritis/degenerative joint disease/degenerative arthritis | affects the weight-bearing joint (knees and hips) |
| rheumatoid arthritis | systemic arthritis; affects joint and synovial membranes (especially in the hands and feet) |
| gouty arthritis | buildup of uric acid near a joint |
| sequestrum | bone tissue that has died from loss of blood supply |
| chondromalacia | softening of cartilage |
| Fracture | Fx |
| closed fracture | fracture with no open wounds |
| open fracture | fracture with open wound |
| complex fracture | requires manipulation for repair |
| comminuted fracture | shattered into many pieces |
| spiral fracture | twisting injury |
| transverse fracture | fracture forms a right angle |
| greenstick fracture | incomplete break of a fracture |
| rhabdomyoma | skeletal muscle tumor |
| rhabdomyosarcoma | malignant skeletal muscle tumor |
| kyphosis | curvature of the spine in thoracic spine |
| lordosis | curvature of lumbar spine common in preggos |
| spondylolosthesis | forward slipping of lumbar vertebra |
| spondylosis | immobile condition of vertebrae caused by joint degeneration |
| subluxation | partial dislocation |
| arthrocentesis | puncture of a joint |
| arthrodesis | binding or fusing of joint surfaces |
| open reduction internal fixation of a fracture | surgical repair of a fracture where they put thing back together with screws and pins and whatnot |
| spondylosyndesis | spinal fusion |
| external fixation of a fracture | fixing a bone from the outside (casting, splinting) |
| traction | pulling force to a fractured bone |
| orthosis | use of orthopedic appliance to maintain a bone's position (brace) |
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