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Indian Vocabulary
Term | Definition |
---|---|
atman | the spiritual life principle of the universe, especially when regarded as inherent in the real self of the individual |
moksha | the transcendent state attained as a result of being released from the cycle of rebirth |
reincarnation | the rebirth of a soul in a new body |
Karma | the sum of a person's actions in this and previous states of existence, viewed as deciding their fate in future existences |
dharma | the eternal and inherent nature of reality, regarded in Hinduism as a cosmic law underlying right behavior and social order |
ahimsa | respect for all living things and avoidance of violence toward others |
castes | each of the hereditary classes of Hindu society, distinguished by relative degrees of ritual purity or pollution and of social status |
Siddhartha Gautama | an ascetic and spiritual teacher of ancient India Four Noble Truths |
Eightfold Path | the path to nirvana, comprising eight aspects in which an aspirant must become practiced; right views, intention, speech, action, livelihood, effort, mindfulness, and concentration |
nirvana | a transcendent state in which there is neither suffering, desire, nor sense of self, and the subject is released from the effects of karma and the cycle of death and rebirth |
sects | a group of people with somewhat different religious beliefs (typically regarded as heretical) from those of a larger group to which they belong |