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ANSC 1000 Exam 2
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| In which type of sheep operation are sheep least likely to experience foot rot? | range flocks |
| what is a reasonable lamb crop for a well managed range flock | 125% |
| As explained in class, which of the following is most likely to kill the largest number of sheep in the shortest period of time? | Dogs |
| In range flocks, where are the ewes most likely to be located during the shearing season? | Winter Headquarters (ELECTRICITY!!) |
| How does the feed efficiency (as measured by the feed-to-grain ratio of sheep in a feedlot compare to that of beef cattle in a feed lot? | sheep and beef cattle are nearly equal in efficiency |
| In the goat industry, what does chevon refer to? | Goat MEAT |
| the most common form of permanently identifying individual swine in the U.S. is: | Tissue Notches |
| In the swine industry, the underline refers to: | Number of teats on Belly |
| Which of the following is most likely to be the parents of a modern market hog in the US? | YORKSHIRE dam and a DUROC sire |
| "Shoat" is an older term for? | Feeder Pig |
| As used in livestock management, not considering embryo transfer, what does the word flushing mean? | flushing means to increase the amount of energy in the feed to increase the ovulation rate in animals so they will be more prone to conceiving multiple offspring or having a larger litter size |
| What does the word gregarious mean | to have a flocking instinct, such animals like to be together and stay in a group |
| What is the term for giving birth in swine? | farrowing, or to farrow |
| What is the Latin adjective for goat? | Caprine |
| Lysine is said to be a limiting amino acid in swine diets. What does this mean? | It means that it hinders protein production Also they are unable to utilize it if there is too much in their system |
| Pig Species | Swine |
| Latin Adjective for Pig | Porcine |
| Latin Adjective for Sheep | Ovine |
| Genus Species for Swine | Sus scrofa |
| Male name for Pig | Boat |
| Name for immature female pig | Gilt |
| Name for Mature female pig | Sow |
| Name for castrated male pig | barrow |
| Act of parturition in goats | kidding |
| baby goat | kid |
| male goat | buck |
| female | doe |
| Genus species of goats | Capra hircus |
| Castrated goat | wether |
| Boer Goat | imported from south africa to add meat poundage to goats |
| Enterotoaemia | overeating disease, happens when you quickly change the diet of a sheep. leads to polyarthritus, they fall over and can't get up |
| Foot rot | major problem for sheep in farm flocks, hoof grows over trapping dirt and bacteria leading to infections of the soft tissue |
| White Muscle Disease | selenium deficiency in sheep |
| Pregnancy Ketosis | excess of ketone bodies, low blood sugar which fat is quickly mobilized. |
| Sheep age at puberty | 6 or 10 months |
| Lambing interval Range Flock | 12 months seasonal |
| Lambing Interval Farm Flock | 8 months (3 lambings every 2 years, out of season) |
| Birth weight of lambs | single: 10-12 pounds twins: 7-9 pounds |
| Standardized weaning age of sheep | 90 days |
| Market weight of sheep | 120 pounds |
| A "downer" animal is most likely suffering from? | calcium deficiency |
| on a sheep farm, a jug is usually referred to as? | a pen for lambing |
| what is the expected ADG for sheep fed concentrated feed? | 0.6-0.7 pounds per day |
| If you process a 160 pound lamb, how much would you expect the carcass to weigh? | 80 pounds |
| As presented in class, which is done to a pregnant sow 2 weeks before farrowing? | de-worm pregnant females |
| Which is the current trend weight for finished market hogs? | 260 pounds |
| Which type of swine industry is most prevalent in Alabama | feeder pig finisher |
| What is a realistic litter size for pigs? | 9+ |
| What is the dressing percentage of hogs? | 70-72% |
| So-called "hot blooded" horses were developed primarily in: | Asia |
| The first evidence of horses in North America is of prehistoric horses that cross the Bearing Strait but died before man arrived on this continent TRUE OR FALSE? | TRUE |
| Which of the following is predominantly a women's equestrian event | Barrel racing |
| As presented in class, which of the following focuses on the horse's conformation and breed characteristics? | Halter |
| As presented in class, which of the following is NOT in the top five states for number of horses? | Kentucky |
| Based on registration numbers, which is the most popular breed of horse in the US | American Quarter Horse |
| Using terms from class, which of the following is LEAST likely to result in a horse hurting itself | winging out |
| The horse gait "canter" would be classified as | 3-beat gait |
| In round numbers, what is generally considered the length of gestation in a mare? | 11 months |
| Horse producers are more like sheep producers than cattle producers in that they hope to have a "foal crop" higher than 100% TRUE OR FALSE | FALSE |
| "Teasing" is a term associated with: | Checking estrus on a mare AND Enhancing sperm harvest from a stallion |
| if a horse was advertised as smooth mouthed, what's the youngest you would expect it to be? | 10 years of age |
| Among pleasure riding horse breeds, at approximately what age are the young normally weaned? | 4-6 months of age |
| Approximately 75% of all horses in the world are in China, TRUE OR FALSE? | FALSE |
| from which type of sheep operation would it be more likely that the lambs would be heavy enough to go to the processing plant immediately after weaning? | Farm Flock |
| On a sheep farm, the term "jug" usually refers to | a pen for lambing |
| as explained in class, a "downer" animal is most likely suffering from: | Low blood calcium |
| What is the expected ADG for lambs fed only concentrated feeds (like grain pellets)? | 0.6 - 0.7 lb/day |
| if you processed a large 160 pound lamb, what would you expect the resulting carcass to weigh? | 80 pounds |
| As used in class, the word "rut" is associated with: | A breeding male |
| Since male pigs don't lactate, the number of teats on a male pig is totally irrelevant, TRUE OR FALSE? | FALSE |
| Which country leads the world in swine production? | China |
| Swine producers monitor gilts closely to determine onset of puberty so they can breed them at their first estrus to get them pregnant early to start making baby pigs soon, TRUE OR FALSE? | FALSE |
| As presented in class, which of the following is done about 2 weeks before a female pig is due to give birth an be moved into the farrowing barn? | De-worm pregnant females |
| Which of the following is true? | baby pigs have little body fat and need a heat source warmer than the sow to be comfortable |
| Why is the tail docked on most baby pigs? | to reduce the likelihood of infections |
| What body system is primarily affected by "shipping fever"? | respiratory system |
| Soybeans are primarily considered a good dietary source of: | Protein |
| The "traditional" market hog was finished at 220 pounds. As presented in class, which of the following is within the range of the current trend for average weight of a finished market hog? | 260 pounds, THEY ARE HEAVIER NOW |
| What type of swine operation is most prevalent in Alabama? | Feeder pig finisher |
| As presented in class, what is the common realistic goal for the number of pigs weaned from each little a sow gives birth to? | 9+ |
| How does the feed efficiency of a growing pig on a high grain diet compare to that of a beef animal or lamb? | growing pigs are MORE efficient |
| What is the expected dressing percentage of hogs? | 70-72% |
| As presented in class, fluid milk is not usually marketed internationally because? | it's expensive to ship mostly water |
| About when did the invention of the milking machine and rural electrification really boost the dairy industry in the US? | 1930's |
| In the dairy industry, the term "persistency" refers to : | Decline in milk produced over time |
| During a year in a dairy cow's life, the time when she is most likely to experience a "negative energy balance" occurs at the time when she reproductivley is: | Being bred for her next pregnancy |
| As explained in class, "grouping" dairy cows refers to | Sorting them by nutritional needs |
| As shown in class, a typical diet for a lactating dairy cow is composed mostly of: | Corn silage |
| Dairy cows that are "dry" and about to calve agin should have a diet high in calcium to make sure they have plenty to put in their milk as soon as they calve, TRUE OR FALSE? | FALSE |
| What is the proper term for a mature, intact male swine? | Boar |
| What is the proper term for a young female goat? | Doe |
| What do we call the type of swine breeding program where an individual male is bred to one specific female? | Hand Breeding |
| What term describes the highest per day volume of milk produced from a dairy cow during a lactation? | Peak |
| What is the common general term for a tummy ache in horses? | colic |
| In the dairy industry, what does PMO stand for? | Pasteurized Milk Ordinance |
| What is the standardized weaning age for lambs? | 90 days |
| What is usually done to a newborn to prevent "navel ill" | the naval is cut and treated with iodine to prevent it from becoming infected |
| As presented in class, using proper terms, whats the difference between a stallion and a stud? | Stud: the breeding facility for male horses. it is sometimes used as a slang term to describe a male horse Stallion: a male horse that is reproductivley intact and used for breeding |
| What does "foal heat" refer to? | right after a mare gives birth (1-2 weeks after) she is back in estrus. The mare may be in heat but her body may not be ready for another pregnancy. |
| Latin adjective for horses | Equine |
| Group of horses | Herd or Band |
| Genus Species of Horses | Equus Caballus |
| Parturition in Horses | Foaling |
| General term for young horse | Foal |
| Young male horse | colt |
| Young female horse | filly |
| Mature Male Horse | Stallion |
| Mature Female Horse | Mare |
| Castrated Male Horse | Gelding |
| Asian Horses | selected for riding speed and endurance. Anscestors of current "hot blooded" breeds |
| European and British Horses | Selected for work strength. Anscestors of currecnt "cold blooded" horses |
| World Horse Numbers | 1. China 2. Mexico 3. Brazil 4. US |
| Pleasure Horses | o Trail riding o Competition pleasure o Western Pleasure o English Pleasure o Horses judged at various gaits |
| Working Horses | o Ranch horses o Roping and tending to sick cattle o Round ups o Cattle drives o Related rodeo events o Based on ability, not looks • Barrel Racing: |
| Barrel Racing | o Timed spurt-speed and tight-turning event o Cloverleaf pattern around 3 barrels o Predominantly a women’s sport |
| Cutting | o Rider selects calf to separate from herd o Calf nautrally want to rejoin herd o Horse uses its own “cow sense” to keep animal separated |
| Reining | o Present pattern includes: o Spins, fast and slow canter circles, stops and sliding o Like a western version of dressage o Horse judged on ability, precision and attention to rider |
| Flat Racing | o Horse runs at top speed around a dirt or grass track o From a few hundred yards to several miles • Example: Kentucky Derby o Pari-mutuel betting |
| Harness Racing | o Horse pulls a small cart, or “sulky” around track o Pace, trot o Speeds up to 40mph o Penalty for breaking gait |
| Halter | o Horse judged on conformation and breed characteristics o Age and sex classes |
| English Riding | o Also called “saddleseat” o Generally gaited horses with high knee action o Chair seat, flashy outfits • Simulates plantation owners out overseeing their estate |
| Dressage | o Originated as method of training horses o Predetermined pattern o Increasing complexity o Scored on gaits, obedience of horse, skill of rider, etc. |
| Hunt-seat | o Style of riding that involves “forward seat” o Simulates fox hunting o On the flat o Over fences |
| Show Jumping | o Extreme of hunters o Judged on accuracy and speed o Jumps include: water jumps o Walls, verticals o Gates |
| Eventing | o Tests skills and stamina of both horse and rider o Three days, combines: • Dressage • Roads and tracks, steeplechase, cross-country • Show jumping |
| Leading US States with Horses | 1. Texas 2. California 3. Florida 4. Oklahoma 5. Illinois |
| Horse Breed Rankings | 1. American Quarter Horse 2. Paint 3. Thoroughbred |
| Winging In | on forward motion, front feet swing to middle. COuld hit other front leg, interference |
| Winging Out | On forward motion, front feed swing out. Viewed from the front looks like a dog paddling |
| Forging | on diagonal gaits when the rear hoof strikes the back of the front foot on the opposite side |
| Cross-Firing | on lateral gaits when the rear hood strikes the back of the front foot on the opposite side |
| Horse Puberty | Light Horses: 12-18 months Draft Horses: 18-24 months |
| Estrus in Horses | duration: 5-7 days Cycle: 21 days |
| Horse Pregnancy | 11 months, no post partum after birth, can be immediatley bred back |
| World Milk Production Rankings | 1. EU 2. US 3. India 4. China 5. Russia |
| Top States, Number of Dairy Cows | 1. California 2. Wisconsin 3. New York 4. Pennsylvania 5. Idaho |
| Dairy Boom | 1930's milking process from hand to machine |
| TMR | total mixed ration |
| Two-year olds | • Heifers first calve at two years of age • Only 75-85% of mature body size and strength • Still growing, need extra feed for growth • Get pushed away from feed by bigger cows • Usually group separately to optimize growth and production |
Created by:
asculpepper
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