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AP WORLD HISTORY
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Question | Answer |
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Song Dynasty | Chinese dynasty (960–1279) that witnessed major cultural developments and an expansion of trade and manufacturing. |
Tangut | Rulers of Xi Xia kingdom of Northwest China; one of the regional kingdoms during the period of the southern Song; conquered by Mongols in 1226. |
Jurchens | Founders of the Jin kingdom that succeeded the Liao in Northern China; annexed most of the Yellow River basin and forced Song to flee to the south. |
Shinto | Religion of early Japanese culture; devotees worshipped numerous gods and spirits associated with the natural world; offers of food and prayers are made to gods and nature spirits. |
Abbasid | Dynasty that succeeded the Umayyads as caliphs within Islam. |
Timur-i Lang | Also known as Tamerlane; leader of Turkic nomads; beginning in 1360s from base at Samarkand, launched a series of attacks in Persia, the Fertile Crescent, India, and Southern Russia; his empire disintegrated after his death in 1405. |
Zenj | Arabic term for the east African coast. |
Maghrib | The Arabic name for Western North Africa. |
Sundiata | The “Lion Prince”; a member of the Keita clan; created a unified state that became the Mali Empire; died about 1260. |
griots | Professional oral historians who served as keepers of traditions and advisors to kings within the Mali Empire. |
Ibn Battuta | (b. 1304) Arab traveler who described African societies and cultures in his travel records. |
Great Zimbabwe | Bantu Confederation of Shona-speaking peoples located between Zambezi and Limpopo rivers; developed after ninth century; featured royal courts built of stone; created centralized state by fifteenth century; king took title of Mwene Mutapa. |
three-field system | System of agricultural cultivation by the ninth century in Western Europe; included one-third in spring grains, one-third fallow. |
scholasticism | Dominant medieval philosophical approach; so called because of its base in the schools or universities; based on use of logic to resolve theological problems. |
Thomas Aquinas | (1225–1274) Creator of one of the great syntheses of medieval learning; taught at University of Paris; author of several Summas; believed that through reason it was possible to know much about natural order, moral law, and the nature of God. |
Toltec | A culture that featured a strongly militaristic ethic, including human sacrifice; influenced large territory after 1000 C.E.; declined after 1200 C.E. |
Tenochtitlan | Founded c. 1325 on marshy island in Lake Texcoco; became center of Aztec power; joined with Tlacopan and Texcoco in 1434 to form a triple alliance that controlled most of central plateau of Mesoamerica. |