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Dig PP
| definition | term |
|---|---|
| Experiencing difficulty in defecation or infrequent defecation | Constipation |
| mastication | chewing |
| deglutition | swallowing |
| 3 digestive enzymes that break down food | Trypsin, Lipase, Amylase |
| umbilical hernia | omphalocele |
| wavelike contractions that move digested food along GI tract | Peristalsis |
| all processes involved in the use of nutrients | Metabolism |
| using nutrients to build up (constructive phase of metabolism). Consumes energy | Anabolism |
| breaking down of nutrients (destructive phase of metabolism). Releases energy | Catabolism: |
| breaks down sugars/starches | amylase |
| breaks down fats | lipase |
| breaks down proteins | trypsin |
| experiencing difficulty with defecation | constipation |
| Passing of frequent, watery, or bloody bowel movements; | diarrhea |
| inability to control body excretions such as defecation | Incontinence |
| Passage of dark tarry stool indicating digested blood | melena |
| Injection of fluid through the rectum and into the large intestine for purpose of cleansing bowel for various reasons | enema |
| Digestion: | break down of food into nutrients |
| an opening | lumen |
| something IS open | patent |
| non-harmful | benign |
| varicose veins in rectum/piles | hemorrhoids |
| fungal infection in mouth | candidiasis |
| canker sores | aphthous ulcers |
| fever blister | herpes labialis |
| condition where acid from stomach flows backwards into esophagus causing 'heartburn' (Acronym( | GERD |
| Tight band of muscular tissue | sphincter |
| Tight band of muscular tissue at lower end of esophagus, known as LES and | cardiac sphincter |
| sphincter between stomach and small intestine | pyloric sphincter |
| end to end union of two hollow structures | anastomosis |
| Laparoscopic bariatric surgical procedure that places a restrictive band (commonly called a lapband) around top portion of the stomach; leads to eating smaller meals and less food by reducing ability of stomach to expand and hold food | gastric banding |
| disease causing ulcer in lower part of esophagus, stomach or duodenum | peptic ulcer disease |
| Most commonly caused by bacterium Heliobacter pylori | peptic ulcer disease |
| Use of nasogastric (NG) tube to wash out the stomach, for example, after ingestion of dangerous substances | lavage |
| Protrusion of the stomach through the diaphragm (also called a diaphragmatocele) and extending into the thoracic cavity | hiatal hernia |
| Abdominal operation for purpose of examining abdominal organs and tissues for signs of disease or other abnormalities | exploratory laparotomy |
| Autoimmune condition affecting the small intestine; caused by reaction to eating gluten (protein found in wheat, rye, and barley); | celiac disease |
| regional enteritis | Crohn's disease |
| Disease characterized by diarrhea, often with mucus and blood, severe abdominal pain, fever, and dehydration; caused by ingesting food or water contaminated by chemicals, bacteria, protozoans, or parasites | dysentery |
| abnormal opening between 2 structures | fistula |
| inflammation of outpouches in gut wall | diverticulitis |
| small bulging outpouches in gut wall | diverticula |
| small growth arising from gut wall | polyp |
| occurs when an organ or fatty tissue squeezes through a weak spot in a surrounding muscle or connective tissue called fascia | hernia |
| Severe abdominal pain, inability to pass stool, vomiting, and abdominal distension as a result of intestinal blockage; blockage can be a physical block such as a tumor or failure of bowel contents to move due to no peristalsis | Ileus |
| wavelike muscular movements in wall of digestive system tube (esophagus, stomach, small intestine, and colon) that function to move food along the way | peristalsis |
| bowel obstruction the esult of the intestine slipping or tele-scoping into another section of intestine just below it | intussusception |
| Condition in which the bowel twists upon itself, causing an obstruction; | volvulus |
| scar tissue causing bowel obstruction following surgery | adhesions |
| hernia that cannot be pushed back in place | incarcerated or strangulated hernia |
| Disturbance in functions of the intestine from unknown causes; symptoms generally include abdominal discomfort and alteration in bowel activity; also called spastic colon | irritable bowel syndrome or IBS |
| total wasting away usually due to chronic diseases and/or severe malnutrition | cachexia |
| breakdown of large fat globules into smaller ones for easier digestin | emulsification |
| short-lived hepatitis associated complete recovery | hepatitis a |
| hepatitis associated with exposure to blood also known as serum hepatitis | hepatitis b |
| accumulation of fluid in abdominal cavity | ascites |
| 3 digestive enzymes that break down food | Trypsin, Lipase, Amylase |
| Yellow cast to the skin, mucous mem-branes, and whites of the eyes caused by deposit of bile pigment from too much bilirubin in the blood; | jaundice |
| a waste product produced when worn-out red blood cells are broken down | bilirubin |
| the act of introducing food thru oral, nasal, or gastrostomy tube into stomach | gavage |
| A tube inserted into stomach via endoscopy for feeding purposes (acronym) | PEG |
| A way of providing nutrition that bypasses GI tract where fluids give into a vein to provide nutrition when person cannot take feeding by mouth (acronym) | TPN |
| X-rays are taken to visualize esophagus, stomach, and duodenum is called a | barium swallow |
| taking x-rays after contrast material is inserted into the rectum to better visualize lower abdominal structures | barium enema |
| acronym for a procedure in which contrast medium is injected directly into the liver to visualize the bile ducts; used to detect obstructions such as gallstones in the common bile duct | PTC |
| Home test to detect occult (hidden/secret) blood in stool. Blood that cannot be detected by the naked eye. Screening tool for colorectal cancer | hemoccult test |
Created by:
hope hanks
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