Help
Options
Didn't know it?
click below
click below
Knew it?
click below
click below
Don't Know
Remaining cards (0)
Know
retry
shuffle
restart
0:00
Embed Code - If you would like this activity on your web page, copy the script below and paste it into your web page.
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Nutrition
Surgery I
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Prevalence of malnutrition in hospitalized pts | 15-50% |
| Cachexia | Loss of wt, appetite, mx atrophy, & weakness; usu signifies an underlying dz |
| Kwashiorkor | acute visceral protein depletion. Usually children |
| Marasmus | Simple starvation |
| Body composition is divided into: | fat mass & lean body mass |
| Early vs late starvation | Early: proteolysis is dominant; late: body adapts to conserve protein, fat becomes major energy source |
| Fat mass: % of total body wt (TBW)? | 25-35% TBW |
| Lean mass: % of total body wt (TBW)? | 40% TBW |
| Lean body mass composition | 60% skeletal mx; 20% RBC & conn tissue; 20% organ tissue |
| peripheral neuropathy may be due to deficiencies in: | niacin, thiamine, vitamin B6, vitamin B12 |
| Primary means of measuring protein (nitrogen) balance in body: | urine urea nitrogen |
| marker for significant nutritional depletion: body wt that is: | less than 90% of the usual or ideal body wt |
| Percentage of total body protein contained in skeletal muscle | 60% (this is major site of protein catabolism during starvation and/or illness) |
| Most widely used biochemical marker of muscle mass | 24 hr urine creatinine |
| Creatinine is: | degradation product of creatine, an energy storage compound located in skeletal muscle |
| Most common test to measure breakdown of protein | Urinary urea nitrogen |
| Lean body mass represents: | the critical cellular mass necessary for cellular structure & function; 40% of total body weight; Depletion is severe insult & defines pt morbidity & mortality |
| Skin fold thickness is a reasonable estimate of adipose caloric reserves because: | 50% total body fat is subQ; fat is lost proportionally from central stores and subcutaneous tissue |
| Creatinine- height index (CHI) level that defines skeletal muscle depletion | CHI < 80% |
| Serum albumin half life: | 18 - 20 d |
| Normal serum albumin = | > 3.5 g/dL |
| Serum prealbumin: Sensitive to: | acute changes in nutrient intake |
| Basal (resting) Energy Expenditure (BEE) is calculated by using: | Harris-Benedict equation |
| In pts who have sustained injuries, calculate resting energy expenditure by: | bedside indirect calorimetry to determine VO2 and VCO2 (Weir Formula) |
| Catabolic Index (CI): measures: | severity of stress (CI = UUN – 0.5 (dietary nitrogen intake) + 3 g) |
| Routes for delivering nutrition | Enteral. Enteral plus venous. Central venous access (eg, TPN) |
| Preferred route for delivering nutrition | Enteral |
| Primary fuel source for body | Carbohydrates. Metabolized as glucose, stored as glycogen (both depleted from liver/muscle stores in 24-36h of fasting, then fat & protein used) |
| Essential fatty acids are: | linoleic acid and linolenic acid |
| Fat metabolism yields: | fatty acids, glycerol, and ketone bodies (ketone bodies used as fuel during starvation) |
| Daily protein requirement in healthy adult | 0.8 gm/kg/day (minimum 0.54 gm/kg/day). Up to 2x that in stressed pt |
Created by:
Abarnard
Popular Medical sets