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Chapter 10
Respiratory System
Term | Definition |
---|---|
arterial blood gas (ABG) | analysis of arterial blood to determine the adequacy of lung function in the exchange of gases |
polysomnography (PSG) | recording of various aspects of sleep for diagnosis of sleep disorders |
Trachea | windpipe; passageway for air from the larynx to the area of the carina, where it splits into the right and left bronchi in the lungs |
rhinorrhea | thin, watery discharge from the nose (runny nose) |
layng/o | combining form meaning larynx (voice box) |
larynx | voice box; passageway for air moving from pharynx to trachea; contains vocal cords |
computed tomography (CT) | CT of the thorax is used to detect lesions in the lung; CT of the head is used to visualize the structures of the nose and sinuses |
Thoracotomy | Incision into the chest |
palat/o | combining form meaning palate |
nasal polyposis | presence of numerous polyps in the nose (a polyp is a tumor on a stalk) |
tonsill/o | combining form meaning tonsils |
auscultation | to listen; a physical examination method of listening to the sounds within the body with the aid of a stethoscope |
atelectasis | abnormal dilation of the bronchi with accumulation of mucus |
bronchitis | inflammation of the bronchi |
chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) | permanent, destructive pulmonary disorder that is a combination of chronic bronchitis and emphysema |
TB | abbreviation for tuberculosis |
laryngotracheobronchitis (LTB) | acute respiratory infection involving the larynx, trachea, and bronchi causing inflammation |
pneumonitis | inflammation of the lung, often caused by hypersensitivity (allergy) to chemicals or dusts |
PaO2 | abbreviation meaning partial pressure of oxygen |
eupnea | normal breathing |
paranasal sinuses | air-filled space in the skull that opens into the nasal cavities |
bronchi/o | combining form for bronchus, airway |
URI | abbreviation for upper respiratory infection |
epistaxis | nosebleed |
Tracheostomy | An operation to make an opening into the trachea, usually to insert a tube |
asthma | panting; obstructive pulmonary disease caused by a spasm of the bronchial tubes or by swelling of the mucous membrane |
crackles | popping sounds heard on auscultation of the lung when air enters diseased airways and alveoli |
adenoid | lymphatic tissue on the back of the pharynx behind the nose; also called pharyngeal tonsil |
Spirometry | Direct measurement of lung volume and capacity |
Histamine | A chemical in the body that is released by injured cells during allergic reactions and injury |