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Chapter 10
Respiratory System
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| arterial blood gas (ABG) | analysis of arterial blood to determine the adequacy of lung function in the exchange of gases |
| polysomnography (PSG) | recording of various aspects of sleep for diagnosis of sleep disorders |
| Trachea | windpipe; passageway for air from the larynx to the area of the carina, where it splits into the right and left bronchi in the lungs |
| rhinorrhea | thin, watery discharge from the nose (runny nose) |
| layng/o | combining form meaning larynx (voice box) |
| larynx | voice box; passageway for air moving from pharynx to trachea; contains vocal cords |
| computed tomography (CT) | CT of the thorax is used to detect lesions in the lung; CT of the head is used to visualize the structures of the nose and sinuses |
| Thoracotomy | Incision into the chest |
| palat/o | combining form meaning palate |
| nasal polyposis | presence of numerous polyps in the nose (a polyp is a tumor on a stalk) |
| tonsill/o | combining form meaning tonsils |
| auscultation | to listen; a physical examination method of listening to the sounds within the body with the aid of a stethoscope |
| atelectasis | abnormal dilation of the bronchi with accumulation of mucus |
| bronchitis | inflammation of the bronchi |
| chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) | permanent, destructive pulmonary disorder that is a combination of chronic bronchitis and emphysema |
| TB | abbreviation for tuberculosis |
| laryngotracheobronchitis (LTB) | acute respiratory infection involving the larynx, trachea, and bronchi causing inflammation |
| pneumonitis | inflammation of the lung, often caused by hypersensitivity (allergy) to chemicals or dusts |
| PaO2 | abbreviation meaning partial pressure of oxygen |
| eupnea | normal breathing |
| paranasal sinuses | air-filled space in the skull that opens into the nasal cavities |
| bronchi/o | combining form for bronchus, airway |
| URI | abbreviation for upper respiratory infection |
| epistaxis | nosebleed |
| Tracheostomy | An operation to make an opening into the trachea, usually to insert a tube |
| asthma | panting; obstructive pulmonary disease caused by a spasm of the bronchial tubes or by swelling of the mucous membrane |
| crackles | popping sounds heard on auscultation of the lung when air enters diseased airways and alveoli |
| adenoid | lymphatic tissue on the back of the pharynx behind the nose; also called pharyngeal tonsil |
| Spirometry | Direct measurement of lung volume and capacity |
| Histamine | A chemical in the body that is released by injured cells during allergic reactions and injury |
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