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CNHP

Chapter 9

question/term answer/definition
cardiovascular system consists of the heart and blood vessels that work together to transport blood throughout the body
the heart ______ blood throughout the body pumps
blood vessels ________blood throughout the body transport
heart muscular organ that consists of 4 chambers
4 chambers of the heart right atrium and left atrium (upper chambers) right ventricle and left ventricle (lower chambers )
septum divides the heart into left and right portions
interatrial septum separates the atria
interventricular septum separates the ventricles
heart valves open and close to maintain ________ through the heart one way flow of blood
4 heart valves mitral, tricuspid, aortic, pulmonary
layers of the heart endocardium, myocardium, epicardium, and pericardium
endocardium membrane that lines the interior cavities of the heart
myocardium thick, muscular layer
epicardium outer membrane
pericardium loose, protective sac that surrounds and encloses the heart
inferior and superior vena cava dump deoxygenated blood into the _________ right atrium
atrial contraction leads to _______ the opening of the tricuspid valve to allow blood to flow into the right ventricle
ventricular contraction leads to ______ blood through the pulmonary valve into the pulmonary artery
pulmonary circulation passage of blood from right ventricle through the pulmonary artery to lungs and back through the pulmonary veins to the left atrium
with atrial contraction the mitral valve opens to _______ allow blood to flow into the left ventricle
systemic circulation contraction of the left ventricle pushes blood through aortic valve into aorta and on to all parts of the body through arteries, arterioles, capillaries, venules, and veins
blood returns to the _______ right atrium
coronary circulation supplies blood to the heart
which organ is the first to receive oxygenated blood via right and left coronary arteries heart
angi/o, vas/o, vascul/o vessel
aort/o aorta
arteri/o artery
ather/o fatty (lipid) paste
atri/o atrium
cardi/o heart
coron/o circle or crown
my/o muscle
pector/o, steth/o chest
phleb/o, ven/o vein
sphygm/o pulse
thromb/o clot
varic/o swollen, twisted vein
ventricul/o ventricle (belly or pouch)
blood pressure force exerted by circulating blood on the walls of the arteries, veins, and heart chambers
blood pressure is determined by the volume of the blood, the space within the arteries and arterioles, and the force of the heart contractions
diastole period in cardiac cycle when blood enters relaxed ventricles from the atria
systole period in cardiac cycle when heart is in contraction and blood is ejected through the aorta and pulmonary artery
normotension normal blood pressure
hypotension low blood pressure
hypertension high blood pressure
cardiac conduction provides electrical stimulus that is necessary to cause the heart muscle to pump blood by the continual contraction and relaxation of myocardial cells
myocardial= heart muscle
cardiac conduction pattern SA node -> AV node -> bundle of His -> right and left bundle branches -> purkinje fibers
pacemaker of the heart sinoatrial node
states of myocardial cells during cardiac conduction polarization -> depolarization -> repolarization
polarization resting state
depolarization contracting state
repolarization resting state
ACE angiotensin converting enzyme
ACS acute coronary syndrome
ASD atrial septal defect
CABG coronary artery bypass graft
CAD coronary artery disease
CCU coronary care unit or critical care unit
CXR chest x ray
EPS electrophysiologic study
ECHO echocardiography
MVP mitral valve prolapse
NSR normal sinus rhythm
PCI percutaneous coronary intervention
PDA patent ductus ateriosus
PVC premature ventricular contraction
SCA sudden cardiac arrest
Created by: fhira1
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