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Medical Term: Unit 3
Terms
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| adipose | connective tissue in which fat is stored |
| apoptosis | programmed cell death, eliminate unwanted/damaged cells |
| autolysis | breakdown of a cell/tissue by self-produced enzymes |
| blastoma | cancer caused by malignancy of precursor cells |
| carcinogen | any agent (chemical, virus, etc) that can cause cancer |
| chemotaxis | cell movement toward a chemical stimulus |
| chromosome | long piece of DNA (humans have 46 arranged as 2 |
| coccus (cocci, pl) | round, spherical bacteria |
| cytokine | proteins that move throughout body, communicate from one cell to another |
| cytokinesis | actual movement of cell membrane & cell contents during cell division |
| cytoplasm | jelly-like liquid and organelles inside a cell |
| diploid | cell/organism with paired chromosomes (humans & other mammals) |
| endocytosis | cellular action of brining substances into the cell |
| endoplasmic reticulum | network of membranes in cytoplasm, involved in protein synthesis, etc |
| epithelium | layers of cells that make up skin and linings of hollow organs/glands |
| erythrocyte | red blood cell |
| exocytosis | cellular action of pushing substances out of the cell |
| extracellular | outside of the cell |
| gene | section of DNA that contains code for a specific protein |
| genetic | pertaining to the genes (reproduction, birth, origin) |
| genotype | the entire genetic makeup of an individual |
| glucose | monosaccharide sugar, C6H12O6, used by cells for energy |
| glycoprotein | molecule consisting of part protein, part carbohydrate |
| haploid | half the normal number of chromosomes |
| hematopoiesis | blood cell production |
| hemoglobin | iron-containing protein in red blood cells, binds to/carries oxygen |
| histology | study of tissues |
| hydrolysis | break a bond by adding water, OH- binds to one side & H+ to other |
| intercellular | in between cells |
| intracellular | inside the cell |
| karyotype | photomicrograph of chromosomes arranged by number |
| leukocyte | white blood cell |
| lipoprotein | molecule consisting of part lipid, part protein |
| macrophage | phagocytic white blood cell (aka monocyte) |
| morphology | study of cell or organism form/structure (esp if it changes) |
| mycosis | fungal condition |
| myoblast | muscle stem cell |
| necrosis | cell/tissue death |
| nucleus | center (of cell, contains DNA; of atom, contains protons & neutrons) |
| organotropic | affinity for a specific organ |
| osmosis | diffusion of solvent across membrane |
| permeable | permitting the passage of substances |
| phagocyte | cell capable of ingesting particulate matter |
| pluripotent | stem cell that can differentiate into many different cell types |
| polyploidy | having more than two full sets of chromosomes (ie, |
| polysomy | having more than two of any individual chromosome (ie, trisomy-21, |
| copies | chromosome 21, cause of Down Syndrome) |
| proteoglycan | molecule consisting of part protein, part carbohydrate |
| semi-permeable | permits passage of some substances but not others |
| somatosensory | related to body’s general sense of touch & pain (not special senses of sight, hearing, balance, taste, smell) |
| spermatozoan | sperm cell |
| tropin | hormone released in body which targets specific tissue/cell type |
| zoonosis | disease transmitted from animals to humans |
Created by:
ryrenkiewicz
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