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Musculoskeletal
Muscles and skeleton
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| arthr/o | joint |
| brachi/o | arm |
| cervic/o | neck |
| crani/o | skull |
| femor/o | femur |
| lei/o | smooth |
| lord/o | bent |
| my/o | muscle |
| myel/o | bone marrow/spinal cord |
| oste/o | bone |
| rhabd/o | striated (skeletal) |
| sarc/o | flesh |
| spondyl/o | vertebra |
| tend/o | tendon |
| appendicular skeleton | limb, pelvis and girdle bones |
| axial skeleton | skull, vertebra, thorax and hyoid bones |
| compact bone | solid bone that forms the outer part of bones |
| cancellous bones | mesh/sponge-like bone that lines the medullary cavity and epiphyses |
| epiphysis | head of bones |
| diaphysis | shaft of bones |
| metaphysis | line separating epiphysis from diaphysis and is cartilaginous until puberty |
| medullary cavity | cavity within bones that hosts marrow |
| endosteum | inner lining of bones |
| periosteum | outer lining of bones |
| joint | where two bones join |
| intervertebral disc | shock absorbing and friction reducing disc between vertebrae |
| ligament | fibrous band that connects bone to bone |
| tendon | fibrous band that connects muscle to bone |
| synovial fluid | fluid that fills the joint capsule and reduces friction at joints |
| skeletal muscle | voluntary muscle that is affixed to the skeleton and performs movement |
| smooth muscle | involuntary muscle that exists in organs |
| cardiac muscle | involuntary heart muscle that contracts to pump blood |
| frontal plane | divides anterior from posterior |
| sagittal plane | divides left and right |
| transverse plane | divides top from bottom |
| proximal | towards the origin of structure |
| distal | away from the origin of a structure |
| prone | lying face down |
| supine | lying on the back |
| flexion | movement in joint that decreases angle between bones |
| extension | movement in joint that increases angle between bones |
| atrophy | decreased size of tissue/muscle |
| crepitus | grating of bones |
| hypertrophy | increased size of tissue/muscle |
| tetany | prolonged contraction |
| ankylosing | stiff joint |
| arthritis | inflammation of joint |
| chondromalacia | softening of cartilage |
| fracture | broken bone |
| osteomyelitis | infection of bone and bone marrow |
| osteoporosis | decreased density of bones |
| tendonitis | inflammation of tendon |
| amputation | partial or complete removal of a limb |
| arthroplasty | reconstruction or repair of a joint |
| spondylosyndesis | fusing of the spine |
Created by:
cfbarone
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