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Ancient Rome

Ancient Rome SS6

TermDefinition
aqueducts structures built to transport fresh water; water moved by gravity
Augustus Caesar ruled during Pax Romana
basilica large government buildings
battlefield surgery treating soldiers on the battlefield allowed many to live longer; invented surgical tools like clamps and tourniquets
bound books started as clay tablets but then made from papyrus and animal skins; used to make bibles
concrete building material used for aqueducts, structures, and statues; durable, sets quickly, and resists decay
consuls 2 elected officials in charge of the republic and in control of the army; had veto power in the assembly
decree official order
dictator a ruler with absolute authority (complete control) who was elected in times of emergencies
Geography of Rome built on group of 7 hills along the Tiber River (Italy) which protected the city; ideal for trade
Julian calendar modern calendar is based on this calendar; need accurate calendar for farming; Caesar extended calendar 10 extra days
Julius Caesar consul of Rome who conquered new lands then convinced Senate to appoint him dictator for 10 years; killed because of extreme power
newspaper first made of stone and metal; gave information about military, politics, and entertainment; viewed in public areas
patricians wealthy (rich) landowners
Pax Romana time of peace
plebeians common people
republic form of government where people elect others to represent them in government
roads/highways made from dirt, gravel, brick; allowed for more extensive travel; posts houses located along the way helped get messages delivered; good for trade
Roman arches used for bridges, monuments and buildings; Arch prevented the structure from collapsing from under their weight
Senate most powerful governing body in Rome; members served for life; they declared wars, made treaties, formed alliances, passed decrees, and handled money
Social Classes of Rome divided by wealth; upper class: patricians (government officials), lower class: plebeians (craftworkers, merchants, farmers, soldiers), bottom: slaves (not citizens)
tribune elected leaders who served in an assembly
Twelve Tables basis for our present day legal terms; put together the laws in one book; laws for property, religion, divorce, and black magic
veto reject
welfare programs that subsidize food and education for the needy; programs contributed to decline of Rome
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