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World War I

TermDefinition
Causes for WWI: MAIN Militarism Allies Imperialism Nationalism
Militarism Increase in troops - instituted a draft Increased weaponry Positioned at country borders
Which country increased their military the most? Russia
Alliances Lines were drawn among countries as they raced to create alliances with each other
Imperialism European countries had already begun fighting over colonized territory in Africa, and tension was high
Nationalism A prejudice for one's country and against all others--My country right or wrong. Increased flag-waving
Allies: The Triple Entente Great Britain, France and Russia
Central Powers Germany, Austria-Hungary and the Ottoman Empire
Eastern Front Russia defending its borders and attacking Germany on the east. A war of movement and tank warfare
Western Front Great Britain and French defending France from the attacking Germans. Trench warfare--little movement
The Spark Assassination of the Archduke Ferdinand and his wife of Austria-Hungary. A-H then attacked Serbia
Gavrilo Princip The Serbian who assassinated the A-H Archduke and wife
The Black Hand Society Terrorist group of which Princip was a member
When A-H declared war on Serbia, which country had to defend Serbia? Russia
When Russia declared war on A-H, which country had to defend A-H? Germany
When Germany moved to attack France, which country had to defend France? Great Britain
Stalemate When neither country can gain territory--attack and counter-attack
First Battle of the Marne Fought in France at the Marne River by the Germans attacking the French and Great Britain defending. Battle was won by the Allies.
Belgium How the Germans entered France from the North, rather than attacking from the East.
Schlieffen Plan Germany's plan to attack France on the Western Front and quickly topple France. Then attack Germany on the Eastern Front and invade.
Trench Warfare Fought on the Eastern Front by Germany against the French and British. Terrible conditions
No Man's Land Area of land between the trenches that each side attempted to gain in order to attack the next trench.
Battle of Tannenberg First major battle fought by Germans and Russians. Major Russian loss. The two generals miscommunicated. One attacked and lost while the other did not join the battle but stood back for two days.
WWI weaponry Tanks, poison gas, machine guns, submarines and airplanes.
Submarines German U-Boat, Torpedoes, Shipping Blockades
Poison Gas Mustard gas and chlorine that blinded, choked and killed its victims
Machine Gun Caused trench warfare--One person aimed the gun and the other provided help searching for targets and loading the bullet belts
Airplanes French offered a training school for pilots. British draftees and American volunteers joined the French Air Force. Planes were used to gain logistical information about where the enemy troops were advancing in battle.
Battle of Verdun Won by the French and British. Germans attacked French forts and captured three. The Allies fought air battle and won the forts back for the French.
Propaganda Information like posters and newsreels shown in movie theaters which tried to gain home country support against the enemy
Role of Women in WWI Worked in weapons factories as well as nursing on the front lines in the mash hospitals
Battle of the Somme Fought in France by the Allies against the Germans. Allies were misled about German retreat and advanced. Allies suffered 623,000 casualties
Lusitania British civilian ship heading to the US sunk by a German U-boat killing 123 Americans also on board.
Zimmerman Telegram Sent by the German government to the Mexican government requesting that they attack the US from the south to divert America from entering the war. For their agreement, Germany promised the return of territory lost in the Mexican-American War
Russian Revolution 11/1917, Russia must leave the war to handle the revolution at home. This also draws the US into the war to fill the gap for the Allies
April 1917 US enters WWI
Second Battle of the Marne Stopped the German advance in France. Known as the beginning of the end of WWI
Armistice Agreement by both sides to cease fighting
The Lost Generation 37% of Males between 18 and 24 yrs. old lost their lives in battle.
Wilson's Fourteen Points US President Wilson's proposal that was supposed to put an end to all World Wars.
Some of the fourteen points Open peace agreements Reducing armaments Ensuring self-determination (right of each people to have its own nation) Creating democratic governments Creation of an international peacekeeping organization
League of Nations The international organization, headquartered in Geneva, Switzerland, created after the First World War to provide a forum for resolving international disputes. Preceded the United Nations
Did the League of Nations succeed? It failed because it could not solve post WWI disputes, and Hitler took advantage of that to annex countries.
The Paris Peace Conference Complications from the start – secret treaties & backdoor agreements Revenge & security against future German aggression Creation of the Treaty of Versailles
The Treaty of Versailles June 28, 1919 War Guilt Clause German reparations Reduction of German military forces Alsace & Lorraine given back to France New Map of Europe
The war to end all wars: WWI 10 Million Killed 338 Billion in Economic Loss
Europe after the War War torn economies and Cities German hostilities to European Powers German Economic Depression Leads to Hitler’s Rise and WWII Italians feel slighted by concessions Russian Collapses Leads to Revolution Rise of Communism – Lenin - Stalin World
US after the War U.S. Industrial Boom
Created by: lmckay
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