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Chapter 11
Social Studies
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Examples of European Imperialism in Asia? | The British Rule over India changed Indian politics, economics, and society, led to ride on Indian Nationalism. |
| How did the British Treat Indian Industries? | spread laws, banned customs, manipulated rulers of these new states, suggesting to each ruler that he needed British support to keep his throne. |
| Why was India known as the crown jewel of the British Empire? | India was Britain’s most important colony—the “jewel in the crown” of the British Empire. Ruling India gave the British great political and financial rewards, as well as national pride. |
| What was Raj? | The era of British rule in India is often called the British 'Raj', Hindu word meaning "rule" |
| What's Sati? | Sati is the practice of Hindu widows throwing themselves on their husbands’ funeral fires. |
| What was the national congress? | established by English-speaking Indians, most of whom were Hindu. Wanted to partition (or divide up) Bengal. Why? Because it would be easier to govern, nationalists thought the partition was an attempt to break up Bengal’s Hindu population. |
| What was the muslim league? | The Muslim League was a political group founded in 1906 to protect the rights of Indian Muslims; it later became one of the main forces calling for India independence and a separate nation for Indian Muslims. |
| What was swadeshi? | Participants in the swadeshi boycotts vowed to wear only Indian-made garments. As part of their protest, some publicly burned piles of British cloth. |
| Ram Mohun Roy | India’s right to govern itself wanted to abolish several aspects of traditional Indian society felt, opened schools to spread his nationalist ideas throughout India. |
| Who were the Sepoys? | Sepoys were Indian soldiers who fought in the British army. |
| Why did the British bring opium into China? | It was addicting |
| Who was Cixi? | Dowager Cixi, the most powerful person in China, stopped the reforms because she believed they threatened the rule of the Qing dynasty |
| The Treaty of Nanjing? | Unequal The treaty opened five more ports to Western trade. It also gave extraterritoriality ,British citizens accused of crimes had the right to be tried in British courts rather than in Chinese courts. |
| Meiji Era? | The period of his reign from 1868 to 1912 is called the Meiji period, and the emperor’s return to power is called the Meiji Restoration. |
| Who controlled the spice trade in SE Asia? | Dutch, Dutch controlled the spice trade by holding key Southeast Asian ports and fortifications. The Dutch began to grow sugar and coffee on large plantations in their Southeast Asian colonies. |
| What was the Treaty of Kanagawa? | This treaty allowed American ships to stop at two Japanese ports. Another treaty in 1858 opened five more Japanese ports to Western merchants. This treaty also established extraterritoriality for Westerners in Japan. |
| Where was "French Indochina"? | While the British increased their control over Malaysia, the French conquered part of Indochina. |
| Who was Yuan Shikai? | Yuan negotiated peace with them. Yuan convinced the Chinese emperor to abdicate. This event brought an end to the 268-year rule of the Qing dynasty. After the abdication, Yuan Shikai agreed to become the first president of the new Republic of China. |
| Sun Xixian? | Sun believed that China should eventually become a democracy, but that the Chinese people were not ready yet, but that it first needed to replace the Qing dynasty with a ruling nationalist party. He founded the Revolutionary Alliance in 1905. |
| result of wuchang? | ctober 1911 a group of young officers led a revolt in the city of Wuchang. Support for the revolt grew rapidly. In January 1912 the revolutionaries declared a republic. (so he failed) |
| Imperialism is... | Imperialism was not based on settlement of colonies. Instead, European powers worked to directly govern large areas occupied by non-European peoples. Europeans were driven by economic interests, political competition, and cultural motives. |
| Colonialism is... | Colonialism was the policy or practice of acquiring full or partial political control over another country, occupying it with settlers, and exploiting it economically. |
| What was the scramble for Africa? | European countries controlled only a small part of Africa in 1880, but by 1914, only Ethiopia and Liberia remained independent. During the period known as the “Scramble for Africa” European powers rapidly divided Africa |
| WHat was social darwinism? | an application of Charles Darwin’s scientific theories of natural selection and the survival of the fittest to the struggle between nations and races; used in the late 1800s to justify imperialism and racism. |
| What happened at the battle of Adwa? | The Battle of Adwa marked a high point of African resistance to European imperialism. An African army had crushed a European army in battle and in doing so had ensured the continued independence of Ethiopia. |
| Who was Leopold I? | King of Belgium, financed an expedition to the Congo and assumed the title of sovereign of the Congo Free State.. His armies treated the Congolese brutally. Leopold created a personal fortune by exploiting the Congo’s natural resources. |
| What did the U.S do about the Mexican Revolution? | U.S opposed |
| Who was Maximalian? | Put in throne by Nap IIIAustrian archduke Maximilian as emperor of Mexico. Mexican conservatives supported Maximilian1sbecause they believed he would restore the power of the church. But Maximilian ended up alienating both conservatives and liberals. |
| What happened in the Spanish-American War? | Between Spain and the United States that began after the sinking of the battleship USS Maine; the United States won the war in four months, gaining control of Puerto Rico, Guam, and the Philippines. |
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Allyssa95
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