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35: Australia/Crimea

Covering Australis, Opium War, Meiji and Crimean War

QuestionAnswer
These are the hunter-gatherers who first settled Australia 50,000 years ago: Aborigines (ab-or-I-gin-ees)
He was the British explorer who claimed Australia and New Zealand for England: James Cook
Why did immigration surge in mid 1800's Australia? Gold was discovered there.
How were the Aborigines affected by the arrival of the English? They were hit hard by disease and violence from English soldiers.
These are the hunter-gatherers who first settled New Zealand: The Maori (May-OR-ee)
England took over this region in North America from the French: Canada
Was were Australia and Canada used by the British for? Prison colonies
This was the world's most wealthy country in 1800: China
Country that produced 1/4 of the world's goods in 1800: China
This is what happens when a country buys a lot of goods from another country but the other country doesn't buy very much from the first one: Trade imbalance
What Britain decided to do because of its trade imbalance with China: Begin importing opium to China, addicting its population, especially the poor.
Result of England exporting opium to China? Large amounts of the population became addicted, crashing the economy.
Dynasty in China during the "Opium War" Qing (Ching)
How the Qing Dynasty responded to the importation of opium from England: Ban it, close ports to Britain, burn opium warehouses.
What England did when China stopped the opium trade: They declared war with China - the first "Opium War"
What China had to do when they lost the Opium War to England: Pay England back for the cost of the war, open their ports, let England control them.
What Chinese Dynasty ended after a civil uprising moved to Beijing from the South: The Qing Dynasty, ended in 1911.
Name of the Shogunate ruling Japan in the early 1800's: Tokugawa
Attitude about trade that the Tokugawa Shogunate had in Japan: We don't need to trade or learn from the West.
Why did the Tokugawa in Japan close themselves to the West for so long? To preserve their culture.
Who forced Japan to open its ports to the West? The United States - Commodore Matthew Perry.
After the US forced Japan to open itself to the West, what did the Samurai do? Using rifles left over from the American Civil War, they started a Civil War that restored power to the emperor.
What the role of Emperor of Japan was before the samurai returned it to power: Ceremonial only - the emperor had no real power. The Shoguns were really in charge.
God-like emperor of Japan: Meiji
What the Meiji Emperor of Japan did after returning to real power: Sent people west to learn about government and the newest technologies.
What was the result of the Meiji in Japan gaining knowledge from the West after so many years of isolation: It set off an Industrial Revolution in Japan, making it more powerful than China for the first time.
What Japan gained in their industrial revolution: railroads, factories and a new modern navy.
What was the Crimean War about? Russia attempted to invade the area of Crimea, near the Black Sea.
What countries reacted when Russia began invading Crimea? England and France sent their militaries there to push Russia back.
After a crushing loss to England and France, what did the Tsar of Russia learn? That Russia was WAY behind the rest of Europe and needed to modernize.
What did the Tsar of Russia do to strengthen Russia after its loss in the Crimean War? The Tsar freed the serfs (peasants) and gave them land and education.
She was the British nurse who helped in the Crimean War, and modernized the nursing profession. Florence Nightingale
How much did Florence Nightingale improve the survival rate in battle hospitals? Deaths went from 45% to 5%!
What Florence Nightingale focused on to improve conditions in battlefield hospitals: Hygeine (germ-fighting) and being more gentle to soldiers.
Created by: Mrwrightvc
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