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CNHP 2010 CH. 4

Terms and definitions

TermDefinition
Cerebell/o cerebellum (little brain)
Cerebr/o cerebrum (largest part of the brain)
Crani/o skull
Gnos/o knowing
Kinesi/o movement
Myel/o spinal cord or bone marrow
Somat/o body
Spondyl/o vertebra
Stere/o three-dimensional or solid
cata- down
-plegia paralysis
Cerebrum largest portion of the brain; divided into right and left halves, known as cerebral hemispheres, which are connected by a bridge nerve fibers called the corpus callosum; lobes of the cerebrum are named after the skill bones they underlie
Frontal lobe anterior section of each cerebral hemisphere; responsible for voluntary muscle movement and personality
Parietal lobe portion posterior to the frontal lobe; responsible for sensations such as pain, temperature, and touch
Temporal lobe portion that lies below the below the frontal lobe; responsible for hearing, taste and smell
Occipital lobe portion posterior to the parietal and temporal lobes; responsible for vision
gyri convulsion (mounds) of the cerebral hemispheres
sulci shallow groves that separate gyri
cranial nerves 12 pairs of nerves arising from the brain
spinal nerves 31 pairs of nerves arising from the spinal cord
cognitive therapy treatment to change unwanted patterns of thinking
Antianxiety agents drugs used to reduce anxiety; also called anxiolytic agents
Neuroleptic agents drugs used to treat psychosis, especially schizophrenia
ALS amyotrophic lateral sclerosis
BD bipolar disorder
CP cerebral palsy
CSF cerebrospinal fluid
DTR deep tendon reflexes
SPECT Single-photon emission computed tomography
Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) a neurologic scale used to assess level of consciousness
Motor deficit loss or impairment of muscle function
Neuralgia pain along the course of a nerve
Hemiparesis partial paralysis of the right or left half of the body
Sciatica pain that follows the pathway of the sciatic nerve, caused by compression or trauma of the nerve or its roots
syncope fainting
atopognosis inability to locate a sensation properly, such as inability to locate a point touched on the body
Created by: ataye2
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