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Chapter 4
Medical Terminology from chapter 4
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| -paresis | slight paralysis |
| -plegia | paralysis |
| Cerebrum | largest portion of the brain; divided into right and left halves, known as cerebral hemispheres, which are connected by a bridge a nerve fibers called the corpus callosum; lobes of the cerebrum are named after the skull bones they underlie |
| Frontal lobe | anterior section of each cerebral hemisphere; responsible for voluntary muscle movement and personality |
| parietal lobe | portion posterior to the frontal lobe; responsible for sensations such as pain, temperature, and touch |
| temporal lobe | portion that lies below the frontal lobe; responsible for hearing, taste and smell |
| occipital lobe | portion posterior to the parietal and temporal lobes; responsible for vision |
| diencephalon | area deep within the brain that contains the thalamus and hypothalamus and is the link between the cerebral hemispheres and the brain-stem; responsible for directing sensory information to the cortex |
| thalamus | each of two masses of gray matter deep withing the brain between the cerebral hemispheres on either side of the third ventricle; responsible for relaying sensory information to the cortex |
| cranial nerves | 12 pairs of nerves arising from the brain |
| spinal nerves | 31 pairs of nerves arising from the spinal cord |
| autonomic nervous system (ANS) | nerves that carry involuntary impulses to smooth muscle, cardiac muscle, and various glands |
| motor nerves | nerves that conduct motor impulses from the brain to muscles and glands; also called efferent nerves |
| sensory nerves | nerves that conduct impulses from body parts and carry sensory information to the brain; also called afferent nerves |
| electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) | electrical shock applied to the brain to induce convulsions; used to treat patients with severe depression. |
| light therapy | use of specialized illuminating light boxes and visors to treat seasonal affective disorder. |
| behavioral therapy | treatment to decrease or stop unwanted behavior |
| cognitive therapy | reatment to change unwanted patterns of thinking |
| Antianxiety Agents | drugs used to reduce anxiety; also called anxiolytic agents. |
| anxiolytic agents | drugs used to reduce anxiety; also called antianxiety agents. |
| Antidepressant | drug that counteracts depression |
| ADHD | attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder |
| CSF | cerebrospinal fluid |
| CVA | cerebrovascular accident |
| GAD | generalized anxiety disorder |
| GCS | Glasgow Coma Scale |
| HD | Huntington's disease |
| MRA | magnetic resonance angiography |
| MS | multiple sclerosis |
| NCV | nerve conduction velocity |
Created by:
markiawllms
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