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French Revolution

Parts I and II

TermDefinition
Religious Wars Between the Catholics & Huegenots in France the Catholics and the Church of England the Puritans and the Church of England
Absolutism Divine right of Kings and monarch above the laws
Two major events in late 1700s The American and French Revolutions
Estate System First - Clergy Second - Nobles Third - Bourgeoise, Workers and Peasants
Who paid all the taxes? Third Estate
The French Parliament Called the Estates General
Representation was unfair Clergy: 300 Nobles: 300 Third Estate: 600 Clergy and Nobles could always block a vote by the 3rd Estate
Political Poster A priest and noble man riding on the back of a peasant carrying them financially by paying taxes
Why was the French government going bankrupt? France had given Americans large amounts of money and weapons to support their rev against British; overspending by the French gov
Reasons why Third Estate was in pain Paying taxes, nobles raising their rents, droughts created bad harvests--no food.
King's plan to get more tax money To tax the nobles, but clergy voted against it and King had to tax the Third Estate more
What did 3rd Estate do at the Estates General when vote to tax the nobles failed? They left the meeting and formed the National Assembly
What happened when the 3rd Estate returned to the meeting place to draft their constitution? The King had locked them out
Where did they go after the lockout? To an indoor tennis court and made a promise not to leave until they had drafted their constitution
Their promise not to leave the tennis court w/o their constitution The Tennis Court Oath
June 14, 1789 Storming of the Bastille by 8,000 people where they stole weapons and set political prisoners free
Where was the King when they stormed by the Bastille? On hunting trip. He questioned the duke on his return--it is only a revolt. "No sire. It is a revolution."
The Great Fear Period after the Bastille when peasants feared King's revenge--and outside troupes killing them--only rumors. Peasants began to attack the nobles and each other.
Reign of Terror Two groups trying to control France--Jacobins and Girondins
Jacobins Radical extremist group who wanted the King dead and a democratic government
Girondins Separated from the Jacobins when they captured the King & Queen (Marie Antoinette) and executed both. Wanted a limited monarchy--not to destroy it.
Royalists Supported a monarchy
Radicals Extremist fringe group who wanted no monarchy
The Committee of Public Safety (oxymoron) After King was executed, the National Convention (the old Estates General) appointed this 12 person committee to run the country
Maximillien Robespierre Appointed to be the head of the Committee of Public Safety
Robespierre executed how many people? 40,000, 16,000 were beheaded by the guillotine
January 21, 1793 King Louix XVI was executed
Jean-Paul Marat Radical journalist who wrote pamphlets about executing the King. He was killed in his bathtub by a sympathizer of the King
The Republic of Virtue New name and changes in France--created by Robespierre
De-Christianization No Christian religions, churches were destroyed, religious books burned
The Temple of Reason Notre Dame--no longer a church where lectures were given and debates held
The New Republic Calendar No more months of the year which were figured on the Roman calendar. Instead, time periods were marked off by changes in the seasons.
Why was Robespierre put to death? The National Convention found him too powerful. He wanted to execute two representatives who were good friends of the leaders of the Convention.
The Directory The former National Convention reduced the power of the Committee and reopened the churches
Royalists vs. Radicals Royalists: those in favor of a King with limited power Radicals: those in favor of no King--much chaos and corruption again
Coup d'etat When the military overthrows the head of the government, and the General takes over leadership of the country
Napoleon Led the coup d'etat in France in 1799 and took leadership of the country. Threw over the old Directory
Created by: lmckay
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