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Midterm ID People
the 25 most important historical figures that we have covered in the first sem.
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Guiseppe Mazzini | Nationalist who founded “Young Italy”, he was the soul of the Italian Unification |
| Karl Marx | Economic theorist who said factory workers would overthrow factory owners one day: classless society |
| King Louis XVI | Absolute Monarch who ruled France 1774-1792, fell to the guillotine during the French Revolution |
| Rousseau | Philosopher of the Enlightenment who said that the will of the majority should rule in a democracy |
| Winston Churchill | Prime Minister of Britain who led the European Allies to victory against the Nazi’s in WWII |
| Robert Owen | Utopian socialist who built a model community in Scotland. His brand of socialism failed |
| Guisseppe Garibaldi | Italian nationalist who led the Northern Italian army; was the “sword” of unification of Italy |
| Simon Bolivar | The Liberator; established independence for much of Latin America by defeating European imperialists |
| Woodrow Wilson | Person who wrote the 14 points; advocated for the US to join the League of Nations |
| Count Camillo Cavour | Led the northern Italian provinces to unite; wrote the newspaper Risorgimento, which mobilized the people of Northern Italy. He was “the mind” of Italian Unification |
| Charles Darwin | Scientist who theorized that nature operated from the notion of “natural selection” and the “survival of the fittest”. |
| John Locke | Enlightenment philosopher who stated every person is born with rights to life, liberty and property |
| Mohandas Gandhi | Nationalist leader who used sit-ins, hunger strikes, marches and civil disobedience |
| Sir Isaac Newton | Scientists who theorized that planets stayed in orbit as a result of gravity. Proved many math theorems |
| Commodore Matthew Perry | American Naval officer who led the opening of Japan to western trade and influence in 1853 |
| Baron de Montesquieu | Philosopher of the Enlightenment who said that the government should be separated into three branches |
| Galileo Galilei | Scientist who proved Copernicus’ theory correct; improved the telescope; was punished by the Church |
| Napoleon Bonaparte | Benevolent dictator of Europe who established a code, and stated “liberty, equality, fraternity” for all |
| Mustafa Kemal Ataturk | Modernized Turkey by separating religion and government, women obtained suffrage, civil liberties |
| Otto Von Bismarck | Used a policy of Blood & Iron to unify the Germanic Kingdoms. We call him Grampa |
| Adam Smith | Author of Wealth Of Nations, economist who advocated for free-market capitalism |
| Jose de San Martin | Independence fighter for Peru and Chile, defeated the Spaniards in 1811. A L.A. nationalist |
| Renes DesCartes | Scientist who stated that human reason, rather than tradition, should be way to discover truth |
| Voltaire | Philosopher of the Enlightenment who advocated for free speech |
| Toussaint L' Overture | Led a revolt of Haitian slaves against the French in 1791, was a nationalist leader of Haiti |
| Big Daddy Thunder | Global teacher who has episodes of rage, drips with Lancer Pride, claims he lost part of a finger when it became entangled in a shopping cart in Green Hills parking lot |
| Cecil Rhodes | British imperialist who was the “poster boy” for white man’s burden in Africa during the Age of Imperialism |
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