click below
click below
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Chapter 29
The Great War
Term | Definition |
---|---|
Zimmerman Note | Proposed that Mexico join Germany. In time they would get back the territory that was taken from them by the United States. |
Militarism | Belief in the need for a large military force, equipment and updated weapons. |
Alliances | Agreements between nations / countries to support one another in time of conflict. |
Imperialism | A stronger nation influencing and or controlling a weaker nation for control of natural resources and markets. |
Nationalism | Pride and loyalty to a country and a desire to make your nation the "best." |
Triple Alliance | Composed of Germany, Austria-Hungary, and Italy. |
Triple Entente | Composed of Russia, Great Britain, and France. |
Central Powers | Alliance between Germany, Austria-Hungary, Ottoman Empire, and Bulgaria. |
Allied Powers | Alliance between Russia, Great Britain, France, Serbia, Italy, Japan, and later, the United States. |
Trench Warfare | Fighting in ditches. Realities included disease, ambushes, trench foot, rats, starvation, and extreme weather. |
Stalemate | Fighting back and forth with no clear winner. Destruction of the land was reality. |
New Technology Examples | Tanks, machine gun, poison gas, airplanes, and U-boats. |
Schlieffen Plan | Warfare plan on behalf of Germany to quickly attack France and Russia [hopefully winning] to prevent a two front war. |
No Man's Land | The space between oppositional forces and their trenches. |
Lusitania | British boat sunk by a German U-Boat. 128 U.S. passengers on board. Likely carrying supplies for the Triple Entente. |
Unrestricted Submarine Warfare | Using submarines to sink any seagoing vessel, including private, that was linked to the war effort. |
Sussex Pledge | A declaration to stop the use of unrestricted submarine warfare. |
Russian Revolution | Food shortages, inflation in the economy, and poor social conditions led to civil unrest. Eventually the communists under the leadership of Vladimir Lenin took power. |
Abdicated | To give up or step down from the head of a state [Queen or King]. |
Bolsheviks | Communists in Russia who participated in the Russian Revolution. |
Vladimir Lenin | Leader of the Bolsheviks [communists] who eventually took power during the Russian Revolution. |
Propaganda | Advertisement to sway public opinion in some way. |
Fourteen Points | President Wilson's plan for world peace. It included advisement for no secret treaties, freedom of the seas, and national boundaries. |
League of Nations | International organization of peace with the goal of "peace without victory." |
Treaty of Versailles | Officially ended WWI. Germany was targeted as the cause of the war and therefore the nation who should compensate the countries that were negatively impacted. |
Armenian Massacre | Genocide where the Turks killed tens of thousands of Armenians who were seeking independence from Turkey. |
Lost Generation | Soldiers and individuals who have profound negative impacts from the experiences of the war. Characteristics of the generation included suffering, disillusionment, and despair. |
Influenza Epidemic of 1918 | Epidemic that took many lives in waves during this time. Globally, immune systems were not ready to fight this disease. Sick and healthy were both impacted. |
Reparations | Compensation from a country that was founded to be the cause of a war to other countries. Usually in the form of monetary payments. |
Battle of the Marne | Was a battle of the First World War fought from 6 to 12 September 1914. It resulted in an Allied victory against the German armies in the west. |
Second Battle of the Marne | Was the last major German offensive on the Western Front during the First World War. The attack failed when an Allied counterattack overwhelmed the Germans on their right flank, inflicting severe casualties. |