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Post Classical Era
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Important rivers | Tigris; Euphrates; Nile |
| Oasis | area in a desert with vegetation and underground springs |
| Sheik | Bedouin tribe leader |
| Female Bedouins | owned property; men payed the bride; had more than 1 husband; advice was highly regarded |
| what was valued in Bedouin society | loyalty; honor; courage |
| Muhammad | merchant; Angel Gabriel spoke to him; went from Mecca to Medina; preached in Medina |
| Qur'an | sacred word of God |
| Pillars of Islam | most important duties |
| Muezzin | prayer leader/cantor |
| Mosque | Islamic holy place of worship |
| Zakah | giving alms to the poor |
| Ramadan | Muslims are supposed to fast from sun up to sun down during this month |
| Hajj | Muslims are supposed to make a pilgrimage to Mecca once in their lifetime |
| Practices of Islam | no pork; no alcohol; free their slaves; men couldn't have more than 4 wives; Jihad; no priests or saints |
| Jihad | Muslim war against non believers; justified Arabians conquering land |
| Umma | community of followers |
| Women's rights in Islam | equal in God's eyes; couldn't kill daughters; were given less inheritance than men; consent to arranged marraiges; allowed to be educated |
| Women's rights changes in Islam | veiling; harem |
| Harem | secluded area of the house for women |
| Shari'ah | Islamic legal code; extends to everything |
| Ulama | religious scholars who wrote the Shari'ah |
| Arabian conquered land | Saudi Arabia; Iran; Iraq; Middle East; North Africa; Spain |
| conquering so much, so fast | Islam offered salvation and ethics; Horse and camel allowed quick travel; Byzantine and Persia were weak |
| treated the conquered people | monotheistic people were allowed to keep their religion; polytheistic people had to convert |
| Dhimmi | people of the book(Christians and Jews) |
| Jizya | tax in order to keep monotheistic faith |
| Sunni | thought the leader didn't need to be related to Muhammad |
| Shi'a | thought the leader should be related to Muhammad |
| Sufi | missionaries; sought spiritual attainment rather than physical |
| Umayyad Dynasty | Islam split over who should rule; expansion; ruled after Caliphs |
| citizens of Umayyad dynasty | Arab Muslims |
| Mawali | non-Arab converts |
| Abbasid Dynasty | rule from Persia; destroyed Umayyad dynasty; used Persian traditions; vizier; used Shi'a for religion |
| Vizier | chief administrator; consultant; Jafar |
| Al Mansur | started the golden age of the Abbasid Dynasty |
| Social classes in Abbasid Dynasty | people could move up in social class based on achievement; slaves were common |
| places of trade | silk road; Indian ocean trade; Trans Saharan trade |
| Muslim Golden Age advancement | bought and sold on credit; used banks; used checks; guilds; dhows; algebra; trigonometry; stories; eclipse; medicine; |
| guilds | organizations of merchants who govern trade |
| dhows | ships with lateen sails; used for trade |
| calligraphy | fancy writing; used to decorate the Qur'an in stylized writing |
| Arabasque | floral or curved lined used in design |
| Dome of the Rock | famous mosque |
| Avicenna | Persian doctor; wrote the Canaan medical book; 4000 prescriptions |
| Al-Rashid | leader who set precedent for using Persia; lived an extravagant life |
| economic decline of Abbasid dynasty | constant war; luxury of caliphs; payed mercenary troops; overtaxed the peasants |
| Mamluk | Turkish slaves who serve in the military |
| Sind | rule under the Muslims |
| infrastructure | public works |
| adopted customs of Muslims | coins; food; dress |
| Bedouins | clans; family was important; blood feuds; males made most decisions |
| Hijra | journey from Mecca to Medina for Muhammad |
| Abu Bakr | Muhammad's father in law; first caliph |
| Caliph | leaders after Muhammad |
| Iman | interprets the Qur'an |
| Firdawsi | Persian poet during Abbasid Golden Age |
| Buyids | invaders from Persia |
| Seljuks | Turkish invaders |
Created by:
AnnikaPVD
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