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Post Classical Era

QuestionAnswer
Important rivers Tigris; Euphrates; Nile
Oasis area in a desert with vegetation and underground springs
Sheik Bedouin tribe leader
Female Bedouins owned property; men payed the bride; had more than 1 husband; advice was highly regarded
what was valued in Bedouin society loyalty; honor; courage
Muhammad merchant; Angel Gabriel spoke to him; went from Mecca to Medina; preached in Medina
Qur'an sacred word of God
Pillars of Islam most important duties
Muezzin prayer leader/cantor
Mosque Islamic holy place of worship
Zakah giving alms to the poor
Ramadan Muslims are supposed to fast from sun up to sun down during this month
Hajj Muslims are supposed to make a pilgrimage to Mecca once in their lifetime
Practices of Islam no pork; no alcohol; free their slaves; men couldn't have more than 4 wives; Jihad; no priests or saints
Jihad Muslim war against non believers; justified Arabians conquering land
Umma community of followers
Women's rights in Islam equal in God's eyes; couldn't kill daughters; were given less inheritance than men; consent to arranged marraiges; allowed to be educated
Women's rights changes in Islam veiling; harem
Harem secluded area of the house for women
Shari'ah Islamic legal code; extends to everything
Ulama religious scholars who wrote the Shari'ah
Arabian conquered land Saudi Arabia; Iran; Iraq; Middle East; North Africa; Spain
conquering so much, so fast Islam offered salvation and ethics; Horse and camel allowed quick travel; Byzantine and Persia were weak
treated the conquered people monotheistic people were allowed to keep their religion; polytheistic people had to convert
Dhimmi people of the book(Christians and Jews)
Jizya tax in order to keep monotheistic faith
Sunni thought the leader didn't need to be related to Muhammad
Shi'a thought the leader should be related to Muhammad
Sufi missionaries; sought spiritual attainment rather than physical
Umayyad Dynasty Islam split over who should rule; expansion; ruled after Caliphs
citizens of Umayyad dynasty Arab Muslims
Mawali non-Arab converts
Abbasid Dynasty rule from Persia; destroyed Umayyad dynasty; used Persian traditions; vizier; used Shi'a for religion
Vizier chief administrator; consultant; Jafar
Al Mansur started the golden age of the Abbasid Dynasty
Social classes in Abbasid Dynasty people could move up in social class based on achievement; slaves were common
places of trade silk road; Indian ocean trade; Trans Saharan trade
Muslim Golden Age advancement bought and sold on credit; used banks; used checks; guilds; dhows; algebra; trigonometry; stories; eclipse; medicine;
guilds organizations of merchants who govern trade
dhows ships with lateen sails; used for trade
calligraphy fancy writing; used to decorate the Qur'an in stylized writing
Arabasque floral or curved lined used in design
Dome of the Rock famous mosque
Avicenna Persian doctor; wrote the Canaan medical book; 4000 prescriptions
Al-Rashid leader who set precedent for using Persia; lived an extravagant life
economic decline of Abbasid dynasty constant war; luxury of caliphs; payed mercenary troops; overtaxed the peasants
Mamluk Turkish slaves who serve in the military
Sind rule under the Muslims
infrastructure public works
adopted customs of Muslims coins; food; dress
Bedouins clans; family was important; blood feuds; males made most decisions
Hijra journey from Mecca to Medina for Muhammad
Abu Bakr Muhammad's father in law; first caliph
Caliph leaders after Muhammad
Iman interprets the Qur'an
Firdawsi Persian poet during Abbasid Golden Age
Buyids invaders from Persia
Seljuks Turkish invaders
Created by: AnnikaPVD
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