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Integumentary
Structure and functions
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Apocrine sweat gland | these glands are a dermal sudoriferous (sweat) gland that secretes at the groin, armpits and anal region. |
| Cuticle | means little skin. it is the sheath of the hair follicle. Covers the nail root |
| Dermis | It is the layer of skin directly below the epidermis. It contains blood vessels (capillaries), nerve endings, sebaceous glands, hair follicles, elastic fibers, collagenous fibers, involuntary muscles, lymph vessels, and sweat glands. |
| Eccrine sweat glands | These glands are sudoriferous (sweat) glands that secrete at the palms of the hand, feet, forehead and upper lip. |
| Epidermis | It is the top layer of the skin. It does not have blood vessels and does not contain nerve endings. |
| Hair | It is a filament of keratin that grows from a follicle root and covers most of the body. |
| Hair follicle | is an opening into the dermis which the hair shaft develops. |
| Hyponychium | is the area where the nail body is attached just below the free edge. |
| Hyponychial | means subungual |
| Ungual | pertaining to the fingernail. |
| Keratin | is a fibrous protein that is the primary component of the epidermis, hair, and nails. |
| kerat | horny |
| Lunula | is the opaque moon-shaped area at the base of the nail. |
| Luna | Moon |
| melanin | is the black or dark brown pigment of skin or hair. |
| Melanocytes | is a cell that produces the dark pigment melanin. |
| Sebaceous glands | are oil glands. The sebaceous glands secrete oil called sebum. |
| sebum | is an oily secretion from the sebaceous gland that keeps the skin and hair from drying out. |
| strati | means layers |
| startum | is a uniformly thick layer. |
| coneus | means horny or keratic. |
| stratum corneum | is the outer layer of the epidermis composed of dead skin cells that flake away. |
| subcutaneous fascia | is the bottom layer of the skin. This layer is composed of connective and fatty tissue. |
| sub- | means below or beneath |
| cut- | means skin |
| cutaneous | pertaining to the skin |
| subcutaneous | means beneath the skin |
| fascia | is a fibrous connective membrane |
| Sudoriferous gland | are the sweat glands |
| Sudo- | means sweat |
| Punch biopsy | is the removal of living tissue for examination. |
| Electrodesiccation | is a technique which destroys tissue by burning it with an electric spark. |
| desiccare | means to dry up |
| curettage | is the scraping of tissue from a surface for microscopic examination. |
| cryosurgery | is a surgery that uses subfreezing temperatures to destroy tissue. This procedure can be used to treat cancers or lesion of the skin. |
| Beau's line | is a white line that occurs across the nails due to a transverse impression that is caused by illnesses such as malnutrition or thyroid dysfunctions. |
| Carbuncle | is a large area of staphylococcal infection appearing as clusters of deep abscesses. |
| Cellulitis | is a bacterial infection of the skin that is localized and characterized by heat, swelling, pain and other signs of inflammation. |
| cellular | is consisting of cells. |
| Ecchymosis | is an area of bluish discoloration on the skin caused by the spilling of blood into the subcutaneous tissue caused by some type of trauma to the area. is also known as a bruise. |
| Erythema | is a reddish color to the skin. This occurs when there is a rush of blood to the surface of the skin. Erythema is usually associated with a fever or some type of localized inflammation. |
| Fiss- | means cleft or split |
| fissure | is a cleft or a groove of the skin. |
| Furuncle | is a staphylococcal infection that originates from the hair follicle. |
| Hemangioma | is a benign tumor that is a collection of blood vessels. |
| Hemangi- | means a condition of the blood vessel or a collection of blood vessels. |
| Keratosis | is an area of the skin that is overgrown or thickened. |
| Actinic | means ray or radiation |
| Actinic keratosis | is thickening of the outer layer of the skin caused by prolonged exposure to sunlight. |
| melanoma | is a malignant neoplasm of the skin that is composed of melanocytes. |
| Nod- | means knot |
| Onycholysis | is the loosening or separation of a nail from its bed. |
| -lysis | is the process of loosening. |
| papule | is a skin lesion that is small, solid and raised caused by thickening of the epidermis. |
| Petechiae | are tiny red or purple spots on the skin that are due to numerous tiny hemorrhages in the dermal layer. |
| Pruritus | is itchy skin. |
| Purpura | is a bleeding disorder that is due to hemorrhage into the tissue of the skin which causes ecchymosis or petechiae. |
| pustule | is a small elevation on the skin that contains pus, a creamy viscous fluid. |
| scale | is a thin flake of epithelium that has keratinized. |
| seborrhea | is an overproduction of sebum which causes excessive oiliness. |
| urticaria | is a skin eruption that has wheals of various shapes that have red margins and a pale center |
| vesicle | is a small bladder or blister that contains a clear fluid. |
| vesi/o | means bladder or blister |
| wheal | is an area of the skin that is slightly raised and appears either redder or paler than the surrounding skin. |
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Merc9496
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