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Unit 5: Politics
Political Structure Vocabulary
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Government | Political system by which a country or community is administered and regulated |
| City-state | An independent sovereign city that has its own functioning government; acts like its own country |
| Monarchy | A government system in which one person rules, known as the monarch. The monarch acts as the head of state and usually achieves this position through heredity. |
| Theocracy | A government system in which a group of religious leaders rule. Religious law is used to govern. |
| Aristocracy | A government system in which a group of wealthy and educated individuals rule. Power is usually passed down in certain families. |
| Direct Democracy | A government system in which citizens vote directly on policies/laws |
| Indirect Democracy | Also known as representative democracy; a government system in which citizens vote for representatives and those representative vote on laws |
| Divine Right | The belief that leaders have been chosen by god and were ruling as his/her representatives on earth |
| Dynasty | A sequence of rulers from the same family |
| Mandate of Heaven | the idea that a ruler must be just (fair) to keep the approval of the gods |
| Citizenship | The status of being a citizen in a country; a citizen has certain rights, privileges and duties |
| Hammurabi's Code | Babylonian code of law of ancient Mesopotamia; set standards for commercial interactions and set fines and punishments for justice |
| Twelve Tables | A set of laws inscribed on 12 bronze tablets in Ancient Rome |
| Justinian Code | A collection of laws developed for the Byzantine empire |
| Legalism | A belief system that enforces strict conformity (obedience) to law |
| Political | Relating to the government |
| Patricians | True descendants of the original people in Rome. They were the only ones allowed to become senators or emperors. |
| Plebeians | Made up most of the population of Rome, but did not have much power |
| Rights | Freedoms that people have that are protected by law |
| Responsibilities | Duties or things that humans should do |
| Oligarchy | A government system in which a small group of people rules |
| Republic | a state in which supreme power is held by the people and their elected representatives, and which has an elected or nominated president rather than a monarch |
| Autocracy | rule by one person (one leader) |
Created by:
kodonnell
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