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Mod. 3
Medical Terminology - Module 3
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| adip(o) | - root word - fat |
| lip(o) | - root word - fat |
| steat(o) | - root word - fat |
| cyt(o) | - root word - cell |
| cutane(o) | - root word - skin |
| derm(o) | - root word - skin |
| dermat(o) | - root word - skin |
| hidr(o) | - root word - sweat |
| hydr(o) | - root word - water |
| kerat(o) | - root word - horny or hard tissue |
| Myc(o) | - root word - fungus |
| necr(o) | - root word - dead |
| onych(o) | - root word - nail |
| scler(o) | - root word - hardening |
| pil(o) | - root word - Hair |
| trich(o) | - root word - hair |
| xer(o) | - root word - dry |
| cyan(o) | - root word - blue |
| erythr(o) | - root word - red |
| leuk(o) | - root word - white |
| melan(o) | - root word - black |
| xanth(o) | - root word - yellow |
| Auto | - prefix - self |
| Epi | - prefix - above |
| Sub | - prefix - under or below |
| cele | - suffix - hernia, swelling |
| cyte | - suffix - cell |
| derma | - suffix - skin |
| ectomy | - suffix - removal |
| emia | - suffix - blood |
| malacia | - suffix - softening |
| oma | - suffix - tumor |
| osis | - suffix - abnormal condition |
| pathy | - suffix - disease |
| penia | - suffix - decrease |
| abrasion | mechanical scraping or injury to a portion of the skin or mucous membrane |
| alopecia | absence or loss of hair |
| contusion | injury in which the skin is not broken (a bruise) |
| cyst | closed sac in or under the skin that contains fluid, semi-fluid, or solid material |
| ecchymosis | discoloration of the skin that usually has irregular boarders; commonly called a bruise |
| eczema | inflammatory skin disease characterized by redness, itching, and blisters |
| fissure | small crack-like sore of break that exposes the dermis |
| impetigo | inflammatory skin disease characterized by isolated pustulre that become crusted and rupture |
| laceration | tear of the flesh |
| nodule | palpable lesion larger than 1-2 cm in diameter |
| papule | elevated lesion less than 1 cm in diameter |
| petechia | small hemorrhagic spot on the skin |
| pustule | small elevation of the skin filled with lymph fluid or pus |
| scabies | contagious skin disease transmitted by the itch mite |
| scales | excessive dry skin shed from the epidermis |
| urticaria | allergic reaction fo the skin characterized by elevated red patches called hives |
| wart | rounded epidermal growths caused by a virus |
| list the four primary functions of the integumentary system | 1- thermoregulation 2 - Vitamin D production 3 - protection 4 - wound healing |
| what is the integumentary system comprised of | - epidermis - dermis - subcutaneous tissue |
| since the epidermis is avascular, how does it receive nutrients | the bottom (basal) layer depends on the dermis blood supply for nutrients |
| this component of the integumentary system this organ is the outermost layer (also known as "skin") | epidermis |
| as skin cells are pushed towards the surface... | they become filled with keratin |
| what happens to the dead skin cells on the outer most layer of the epidermis | they are sloughed off |
| melanocytes | - "black cells" - protects against UV rays |
| what determines skin pigmentation | melanocytes |
| what is the basal layer of the epidermis | - the base layer |
| this layer of skin creates new skin cells that grow and multiply | basal layer |
| what are the accessory integumentary organs located in the dermis | - hair follicles - suderiferous glands - sebaceous glands |
| suderiferous glands | sweat glands |
| sebaceous glands | oil glands |
| fibroblasts | repair injured skin |
| histiocytes | surround foreign invaders |
| what cells release histamine | mast cells |
| what does histamine do | causes itching when exposed to an irritant |
| describe the dermis | - below the epidermis - vascularized |
| the dermis is the location of | - integumentary accessory organs (glands and follicles) - lymph vessels - nerve fibers - several types of connective tissue |
| the subcutaneous tissue is prolific in what type of cell (give the name) | lipocytes |
| lipocytes are responsible for __________________ tissue | adipose |
| what are the function of the subcutaneous tissue | - protective agent - insulator |
| crani(o) | - root word - skull |
| cost(o) | - root word - ribs |
| stern(o) | -root word - sternum or breast bone |
| spondyl(o) | - root word - vertebrae |
| vertebr(o) | - root word - vertebrae |
| humer(o) | - root word - humerus (upper arm bone) |
| carp(o) | - root word - carpus (wrist bone) |
| metacarp(o) | - root word - metacarpus (bones of hand) |
| phalang(o) | - root word - phalanges (bones of fingers) |
| pelv(i) | - root word - pelvis |
| femor(o) | - root word -femur (thigh bone_ |
| patell(o) | - root word - patella (knee cap) |
| tibi(o) | - root word - tibia (shin bone) |
| fibul(o) | - root word - fibula (small bond on the outside of the lower leg) |
| calcane(o) | - root word - calcaneum (heel bone) |
| ankyl(o) | - root word - stiffening |
| arthr(o) | - root word - joint |
| cervic(o) | - root word - neck |
| lamin(o) | - root word - lamina (lateral arch of the vertebrae) |
| myel(o) | - root word - spinal cord/bone marrow |
| orth(o) | - root word - straight |
| oste(o) | - root word - bone |
| chondr(o) | - root word - cartilage |
| lumb(o) | - root word - lower back |
| my(o) | - root word - muscle |
| ten(o) | - root word - tendon |
| tend(o) | - root word - tendon |
| tendin(o) | - root word - tendon |
| ankylosis | immobility of a joint |
| contracture | fibrosis (stiffening) of connective tissue, muscle, or joint capsul to prevent normal movement of the joint |
| crepitation | grinding sound made by bones rubbing together; usually an indication that the joint surface has been compromised |
| gout | acute arthritis characterized by high levels of uric acid in the blood and around the joints |
| kyphosis | increased convexity around the thoracic spine (appears hunched) |
| lordosis | increased concavity of the spine; can occur on the lumbar and cervical spine ( sway back or forward chin) |
| muscular dystrophy | hereditary disease characterized by gradual atrophy and weakness of muscle tissue; usually leads to death by age 20 |
| osteoporosis | decrease in bone density and subsequent increase in bone porosity; bones become brittle and at increased risk for fracture |
| rheumatoid arthritis | chronic, systemic arthritis,; inflammatory changes occur in the joints resulting in deformities |
| sprain | trauma that results injury to a ligament |
| strain | trauma that results in injury to a muscle secondary to overuse of excessive stretch |
| primary functions of the skeleton | - protection - calcium storage/release - red/white blood cell production |
| there are _________ bones in the skeleton | 206 |
| types of bones | - long bones - short bones - flat bones - irregular bones |
| axial skeleton | - skull -thorax - pelvis - spine |
| appendecular skeleton | upper and lower extremeties |
| skeleton support organs include: | - tendons - ligaments - muscles - cartilage |
| describe the protective function of bones | bones create a barrier between organs and outside forces |
| diaphysis | the shaft of long bones |
| where is yellow and red marrow | in the diaphysis |
| what does yellow marrow consist of | fat stores, used for energy |
| what does red marrow | is the site for blood cell production |
| what is an important mineral stored in bones | calcium |
| primary function of the muscular system | - dynamic movement - BP and thermoregulation |
| motion is a results from | a cooperation between the nervous system and the muscular system |
| skeletal (striated) muscle is innervated by the ____________________ nervous system | somatic |
| ___________________ muscles are under voluntary control | skeletal/striated |
| the non voluntary muscles include | smooth and cardiac muscles |
| smooth and cardiac muscles are innervated by the _____________________________ nervous system | autonomic |
| shivering is (voluntary/involuntary) | involuntary |
| muscles and blood circulation | muscles aid in this by acting as a mechanical pump to increased blood flow |
| arteries contain smooth muscle for | contraction and dilation based on body's need |
| "decrease in fat cells" | lipocytopenia |
| "abnormal condition of excessive sweating" | hyperhidrosis |
| "pertaining to death" | necrotic |
| "fatty tumor." | lipoma |
| "softening of the nails: | onychomalacia |
| "inflammation of the bone and the joint" | osteoarthritis |
| "softening of the cartilage" | chondromalacia |
| "tumor of the brain." | encephaloma |
| "above the ribs" | supracostal |
| "pertaining to the humerous." | humeral |
| "the study of bones" | osteology |
| "abnormal condition of the vertebrae" | spondylosis |
| "herniation of the spinal cord." | myelocele |
| "abnormal hardening of the muscle" | myosclerosis |
| "bone deficiency" | osteopenia |
Created by:
kandriot
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