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Integumentary system
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Principal Functions of the Skin | Protection, heat regulation, secretion & excretion, sensation, absorption, synthesis of vitamin. |
| Skin excretion | Sudorferous (sweat) glands excrete (eliminate) perspiration, basically with a small amount of waste matter. |
| Skin Secretion | Sebaceous (oil) glands secrete (produce & release) sebum which is a lubricant. |
| The skin is about 50-70% moisture. True or False | True |
| Sebum | Coats the surface of the skin & slows down evaporation of moisture & helps maintain moisture levels. It also prevents excess water from penetrating the skin. |
| Sensation | Provides a sense of touch. |
| Touch Receptors or Sensory Receptors | Sensory nerve endings that register basic senses such as temperature, pain, pressure, vibration. |
| Absorption | Skin has limited powers of absorption through the pores. |
| Synthesis of vitamin | Vitamin D synthesized |
| Structure of the skin | Contains 2 divisions: epidermis & dermis |
| Epidermis | Outermost layer of the body & forms a protective layer covering every part of the body & varies in thickness. |
| The thickest part of the epidermis is on the palms of the hands & soles of the feet. True or False | True |
| Dermis | Deeper layer of the skin that extends to form the subcutaneous tissue. A solid sheet of cells & is a more semisolid mixture fibers, water & a gel like material called ground substance. |
| Name the 5 layers of the dermis | Stratum corneim, stratum lucidum, stratum granulosum, stratum spinosum, stratum germinativum. |
| Stratum Corneum | Outermost layer of skin - produces keratin forming a waterproof covering |
| Stratum lucidum | Very thin, nearly invisible layer of clear cells |
| Stratum granuloseum | Granular layer of the skin |
| Stratum spinoseum (or mucosum) | Varies in thickness & consist of irregularly shaped cells which contain melanin (coloring matter). |
| Stratum germinativum | Deepest layer of the epidermis, these are the only cells that go through mitosis. |
| 3 kinds of fibers intermingle with the cells of the dermis | Collagen, reticulum fibers, elastin |
| Collagen | Makes up 70% of the dry weight of the skin & helps link the bundles of collagen fibers |
| Reticulum fibers | Form a fine branching pattern in connective tissue that helps like the bindles of collagen fibers |
| Elastin | A protein that has elastic properties & helps give the skin its resiliency |
| Name the two layers of the dermis | Papillary (superficial layer) & reticular (deeper layer) |
| Reticular layer of skin | Contains fat cells, blood & lymph vessels, sweat & oil glands, hair follicles & nerve endings. |
| Name 3 sensory receptors | Free nerve endings, messner corpuscles, & merkel discs |
| What do exocrine glands do? | Extract materials from blood to form new substances. |
Created by:
Beth H
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