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Med Term Final II
Final Exam Study Guide
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Bronchi | branch of the trachea that is a passageway into the lung |
| Apex | Uppermost portion of the lung |
| Mediastinum | Space between the lungs in the chest |
| Adenoids | Nasopharyngeal lymphatic tissue |
| Pulmonary parenchyma | essential parts of the lung & responsible for respiration |
| Laryngectomy | removal of the larynx (voicebox) |
| Phreno | diaphragm |
| Hypoxemia | condition of deficient amount of oxygen in the lungs |
| Asbestosis | asbestos particles accumulates in the lungs |
| Orthopnea | breathing is only easier in an upright position |
| Eosinophil | white blood cell with reddish granules; numbers increase in allergic reactions |
| Fibrin | Protein threads that form the basis of a clot |
| Electrophoresis | method of separating out serum proteins by electrical charge |
| Antigens | foreign material that invades the body and cause a allergic reaction |
| Bilirubin | orange-yellow pigment found in bile produced from the breakdown of hemoglobins |
| Hematopoietic stem cell | cell in bone marrow that gives rise to all types of blood cells |
| Heparin | anticoagulant found in the blood |
| Poikilocytosis | disorder of red blood cell morphology of shape |
| Neutropenia | deficiency in numbers of white blood cells |
| Lymphopoiesis | formation of lymph & lymphocyte |
| interstitial fluid | found in the spaces between cells |
| Platelets | clotting cell; thrombrocytes |
| Lymph nodes areas | axillary, mediastinal, cervical, ingunial |
| Atrophy | decrease in size normally developed organ or tissue of the body |
| T Cells | lymphocyte that acts directly on the antigens to destroy them |
| IgA, IgG, IgE | examples of immunglobulins |
| Tonsils | masses of lymphatic tissue in the back of the oropharynx |
| Thymus | mediastinal T cell producer; aids in immune response |
| Cancellous Bone | spongy, porous bone tissue in the inner part of a bone |
| Acromion | outward extension of the shoulder bone forming point of shoulder |
| Foramen magnum | opening in occipital bone through which the spinal cord passes |
| Mastoid Process | rounded projection on the temporal bone |
| Condyle | knuckle like process at the end of the bone |
| Facial Bones | lacrimal, maxillary, mandible, nasal, vomer & zygomatic |
| Cranial Bones | ethmoid, frontal, occiptal, parietal, sphenoid, temporal |
| Diaphysis | shaft or mid-portion of a long bone |
| Osteodystrophy | abnormal development of bone |
| Squamous cell | flat scale-like cells located in the epidermis |
| Dermis | middle layer of the skin |
| Keratin | hard protein material found in the epidermis, hair & nails |
| Collagen | structural protein found in skin, connective tissue & ligaments |
| Xero | dry |
| Subungual | pertaining to under the nail |
| Cutaneo | skin |
| Albinism | absence of pigment in the skin |
| Paronychia | inflammation & swelling of the soft tissue around the nail |
| Cornea | fibrous layers of clear tissue that extends over the anterior portion of the eye |
| Macula lutea | small oval region on the retina near the optic disc |
| Lens | eye structure behind the pupil that is transparent & biconvex; focuses light on the retina |
| Optic chiasma | optic nerve fibers cross in the brain |
| Accommodation | normal adjustment of the eye to focus on objects from far to near |
| Cones | photosensitive receptor cell of retina; transform light energy into producing color |
| Kerato | cornea |
| Cyclo | ciliary body |
| Palpebro | eyelid |
| Thyroid function | secretes iodine and controls digestive system, metabolic rate, bone & brain development |
| Adenohypophysis | anterior lobe of the pituitary gland |
| Insulin | secreted by the pancreas; transfers sugar from blood to cells |
| Parathyroid hormone | secreted by the parathyroid gland; increases blood calcium |
| ACTH | adrenocorticotropic hormone; stimulates adrenal cortex |
| Electrolyte examples | potassium, sodium, calcium |
| Iodine | element in diet that is essential for the thyroid gland |
| Estrogen | female hormone secreted by the ovaries; promotes sex characters |
| Metastasis | malignancy growth beyond original site |
| Adenocarcinoma of lung | malignant tumor of the lungs |
| Fungating tumor | mushroom pattern of growth as tumor cells grow on top of each other |
| Polypoid | growths that form projections extending outward from the base |
| Carcinoma in situ | localized tumor growth |
| Scirrhous tumor | hard, densely packed tumor cells |
| Staging a tumor | based on the extend of spread of the tumor; TNM |
| Mutagenic | genetic mutation |
| T1N2M0 | Tumor stage 1, Nodes stage 2, Metastases stage 0; indicates progression of tumor |
| Nuclear medicine | medical specialty that uses radioactive substances |
| Radiologist | physician that specializes in radiologic testing |
| Barium enema | radiologic testing of the GI series using a enema containing barium sulfate |
| IVP | intravenous pyelogram; used to show kidney stones, tumors or defects in the urinary system |
| Myelogram | record of x-ray of the spinal cord using contrast dye |
| Arthrogram | record of x-ray of a joint using contrast dye |
| Tomography | cross-sectional x-ray to show an organ depth |
| CT scan | computed tomography produces a cross-sectional image of the body organs using a computer |
| Molecular pharmacology | study of interaction of drugs and their target molecules |
| Toxicology | study of harmful chemicals and their effects on the body |
| Ampicillin | antibiotic in the penicillin family |
| FDA | food and drug administration; enforces regulations for proper drug manufacture and clinical use |
| Synergism | combination of two drugs which has a greater effect than the sum of one drug alone |
| Suppositories | drug inserted in the rectum region |
| Oral administration | drugs taken by mouth |
| Parenteral administration | drugs given by injection in skin, muscles, or veins |
| Inhalation admininstration | drugs in gas or vapor form taken through the nose or mouth |
| Forensic psychistrist | specializes in the legal aspect of pyschiatry |
| Clinical pyshologist | professional that uses various methods of psychotherapy to treat patients but cannot prescribe drugs |
| Dysthymia | depressed mood; could last 2 years; different from major depression |
| Euphoria | feelings of well-being, happiness, excitement, elation & joy |
| Compulsion | uncontrollable urge to perform or act repeatedly in an attempt to reduce anxiety |
| Autism | neurodevelopmental disorder marked by non-social interaction and decreased communication |
| Hallucinations | false or unreal sensory perception |
| Repression | defense mechanism that pushes unwanted thoughts, feelings or impulses into your unconscious |
| Agoraphobia | fear of leaving home |
| Adrenal Cortex | outer section of each adrenal gland; secretes cortisol |
| Radiopague substance | substance that attaches to bone to show up on x-rays |
Created by:
sfarnsley
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