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SOCY-121 Chapter 8
Gender
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Sex | the perceived biological differences that society typically uses to distinguish males from females |
| Gender | a social position; behaviors and a set of attributes that are associated with sex identities |
| Sexuality | desire, sexual preference, and sexual identity and behavior |
| Essentialist | arguments explaining social phenomena in terms of natural biological, or evolutionary inevitabilities |
| Androgynous | neither masculine or feminine |
| Transgender | describes people whose gender does not correspond to their birth sex |
| Cisgender | people whose gender DOES correspond to their birth sex |
| Hegemonic Masculinity | the condition in which men are dominant and privileged, and this dominance and privilege is invisible |
| Feminism | a social movement to get people to understand that gender is an organizing principle in society and to address gender-based inequalities that intersect with other forms of social identity |
| Patriarchy | a nearly universal system involving the subordination of femininity to masculinity |
| Structural Functionalism | theoretical tradition claiming that every society has certain structures (the family, the division of labor, or gender) that exist to fulfill some set of necessary functions (reporduction of species, production of goods, etc) |
| Sex Role Theory | Talcott Parson's theory that men and women perform their sex roles as breadwinners and wives/mothers, respectively, because the nuclear family is the ideal arrangement in modern societies, fulfilling the function of reproducing workers |
| Intersection-ality | the idea that it is critical to understand the interplay between social identities such as race, class, gender, ability status, and sexual orientation, even though many social systems and instituation (the law) try to treat each category as it's own |
| Matrix of Domination | intersecting domains of oppression that creat a social space of domination and, by extension, a uniqkue position within that space based on someone's intersectional identity along the multiple dimensions of gender, age, race, class, sexuality, location, a |
| Sexism | occurs when a persons sex or gender is the basis for judgement, discrimination, or other differential treatment against that person |
| Sexual Harrassment | an illegal form of discrimiation revolving around sexuality that can involve everything from jokes to sexual barter (requests) to assault |
| Glass ceiling | an invisible limit on women's climb up the occupation ladder |
| Glass escalator | the accelerated promotion of men to the top of a work organization, especially in feminized jobs |
| Bisexual | an individual who is sexually attracted to both genders/sexes |
| Homosexual | the social identity of a person who has sexual attraction to and /or relations with people of the same sex |
| Heteronormativity | the idea that heterosexuality is the default or normal sexual oritentation from which other sexualitites deviate |
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ambermaclean12
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