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Chapter 9

TermDefinition
vessel angi/o vas/o vascul/o
vein ven/o phleb/o
angina pectoris chest pain caused by a temporary loss of oxygenated blood to heart muscle; often caused by narrowing of the coronary arteries
arteriosclerosis thickening, loss of elasticity, and calcification (hardening) of arterial walls
atherosclerosis a form of arteriosclerosis characterized by the buildup of fatty substances that harden within the walls of arteries
atheromatous plaque a swollen area within the lining of an artery caused by the buildup of fats (lipids)
claudication limping; pain in the limb (especially the calf) while walking that subsides after rest; caused by inadequate blood supply
diaphoresis profuse sweating (perspiration)
aneurysm a widening; a bulging of the wall of an artery caused by a congenital defect or acquired weakness
saccular aneurysm a sac-like bulge on one side of an artery
fusiform aneurysm a spindle-shaped bulge of an artery
dissecting aneurysm a split or tear of the arterial wall
ischemia decreased blood flow to tissue caused by an obstruction or constriction of a blood vessel; to hold back blood
occlusion plugging; an obstruction of closing off
infarct a localized area of necrosis (dead tissue cells) caused by ischemia resulting from occlusion of a blood vessel; to stuff into
perfusion deficit lack of flow through a blood vessel caused by narrowing, occlusion, or obstruction
palpitation subjective experience of pounding, skipping, or racing heartbeats
stenosis condition of narrowing of a part
vegetation an abnormal growth of tissue around a valve , generally resulting from infection; to grow
arrhythmia / dysrhythmia any of several kinds of irregularity or loss of rhythm of the heartbeat
bradycardia slow heart rate (less than 60 beats per minute)
fibrillation chaotic, irregular contractions of the heart, as in atrial or ventricular fibrillation
atrial flutter rapid regular atrial contractions occurring at rates between 250 and 330 per minute
premature ventricular contraction (PVC) a ventricular contraction preceding the normal impulse initiated by the SA node (pacemaker)
tachycardia fast heart rate (greater than 100 beats per minute)
bacterial endocarditis a bacterial inflammation that affects the endocardium or the heart valves
cardiac tamponade compression of the heart produced by the accumulation of fluid in the pericardial sac, as results from pericarditis or trauma, causing rupture of a blood vessel
cardiomyopathy general term for disease of the heart muscle, such as alcoholic cardiomyopathy (damage to the heart muscle caused by excessive consumption of alcohol).
congenital anomaly of the heart malformations of the heart that are present at birth
atrial septal defect (ASD) an opening in the septum separating the atria
coarctation of the aorta narrowing of the decending portion of the aorta, resulting in a limited flow of blood to the lower part of the body
patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) an abnormal opening between the pulmonary artery and the aorta caused by failure of the fetal ductus arteriosis (a vessel that connects the left pulmonary artery with the decending aorta) to close after birth
ASD atrial septal defect
DVT deep vein thrombosis
ICD implantable cardioverter dibibrillator
MI myocardial infarction
MUGA multiple-gated acquisition (scan)
MVP mitral valve prolapse
NSR normal sinus rhythm
PTCA percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty
TPA tissue plasminogen activator
Created by: ccunliffe1
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