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LaSOM - Eschatology
LASOM - Our Destiny: Bible Teachings on the Last Things
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| 1. The technical term for eschatology is from what Greek words and what are their meanings? | eschatos – last logos – word, message, knowledge |
| eschatos | Greek for - last |
| logos | Greek for - word, message, knowledge |
| 2. State the primary view of history revealed in the Bible. | It is primarily a linear view of history that has God as Creator and Redeemer. |
| 3. What does linear view of history indicate about the eternal purpose and plan of God that existed before Creation? | His plan had a real beginning and will have a real consummation. |
| 4. What was the four-fold promise of blessing given to Abraham? | A.) for himself (Abraham) B.) for his descendants C.) for the land D.) for all nations—through one unique descendant who was to come. |
| 4. What is the importance of the four-fold promise of blessing given to Abraham ? | God was in this way revealed as the God of promise, and from Abraham on, the Bible has a forward look. |
| 5. What has the new covenant put into effect? | It promises "an eternal inheritance" and assures us that Jesus "will appear a second time, not to bear sin, but to bring salvation to those who are waiting for him" (Heb. 9:28) |
| Heb. 9:28 | ...so Christ was sacrificed once to take away the sins of many; and he will appear a second time, not to bear sin, but to bring salvation to those who are waiting for him. |
| 6. Define the blessed hope, according to the author. | The glorious appearing of our great God and Savior, Jesus Christ, who gave himself for us, to redeem us from all wickedness and to purify for himself a people that are his very own, eager to do what is good" (Titus 2:11-14). “Blessed” implies a fullness of blessing, happiness, and joy through the gracious, unmerited favor of God. |
| Titus 2:11-14 | For the grace of God has appeared that offers salvation to all people. It teaches us to say “No” to ungodliness and worldly passions, and to live self-controlled, upright and godly lives in this present age, while we wait for the blessed hope—the appearing of the glory of our great God and Savior, Jesus Christ, who gave himself for us to redeem us from all wickedness and to purify for himself a people that are his very own, eager to do what is good. |
| 7. What does the name Enosh mean? | Mortal one |
| 8. What does Enosh imply was recognized by those living in that time? | Death is in the world as a result of sin and is inevitable for all, for all have sinned. |
| 9. What two possible reasons may be attributed to the concept that there are two compartments in Sheol? | A. Possibly because of the influence of Greek ideas B. Jacob, mourning, spoke of going down to Sheol to his son Joseph, later Jews, considering Jacob and Joseph righteous, reasoned that both the righteous and the wicked went to Sheol. |
| 10. The New Testament emphasis of life after death focuses on what? | The resurrection of the body, rather than on what happens immediately after death. |
| 11. What five other views of the afterlife does the author mention? | A. Soul sleep B. Purgatory C. Limbo D. Spiritism E. Reincarnation |
| 12. According to the author, what is eternal life? | it is not simply unending life; it is Christ’s life in us, a life that will be fully manifest in us in the age to come, but which is also our present possession if we are “in Christ” by faith. |
| 13. In what ways will our resurrection bodies be like our present bodies and what ways will they be different? | Our present bodies are earthly, natural, with capacities, abilities, passions, and emotions adapted to the present earthly order, and with the same limits Adam had after the Fall. Our resurrection bodies will take on supernatural qualities involving power and glory. Though we will still be finite beings, dependent wholly on God, our bodies will be the perfect instruments to enable us to respond to the Holy Spirit in new and marvelous ways. |
| 14. In what three ways does the Holy Spirit prepare us for the fulfillment of our hope of glory? | A. He helps us pray (Rom. 8:26-27). B. He is a seal and a "first installment" of what we will receive in greater fullness in our future inheritance as the children of God (Eph. 1:13-14). C. He is also a "pledge" that we will indeed receive our promised inheritance if we keep our faith in Jesus and continue to sow "to please the Spirit" rather than our sinful nature (Gal. 6:7-10; Rom. 2:7-10). |
| Rom. 8:26-27 | In the same way, the Spirit helps us in our weakness. We do not know what we ought to pray for, but the Spirit himself intercedes for us through wordless groans. And he who searches our hearts knows the mind of the Spirit, because the Spirit intercedes for God’s people in accordance with the will of God. |
| Eph. 1:13-14 | And you also were included in Christ when you heard the message of truth, the gospel of your salvation. When you believed, you were marked in him with a seal, the promised Holy Spirit, who is a deposit guaranteeing our inheritance until the redemption of those who are God’s possession—to the praise of his glory. |
| Gal. 6:7-10 | Do not be deceived: God cannot be mocked. A man reaps what he sows. Whoever sows to please their flesh, from the flesh will reap destruction; whoever sows to please the Spirit, from the Spirit will reap eternal life. Let us not become weary in doing good, for at the proper time we will reap a harvest if we do not give up. Therefore, as we have opportunity, let us do good to all people, especially to those who belong to the family of believers. |
| Rom. 2:7-10 | To those who by persistence in doing good seek glory, honor and immortality, he will give eternal life. But for those who are self-seeking and who reject the truth and follow evil, there will be wrath and anger. There will be trouble and distress for every human being who does evil: first for the Jew, then for the Gentile; but glory, honor and peace for everyone who does good: first for the Jew, then for the Gentile. |
| 15. What warnings did Jesus give concerning His return? | Over and over Jesus emphasized the importance of being ready and living in the light of His return. (Matt. 24:42,44,50; 25:13; Luke 12:35,40; 21:34-36) Jesus compared the world at the time of His coming to the world of Noah’s day. In spite of warnings… they did not really believe God’s judgment would come. |
| Matt. 24:42 | “Therefore keep watch, because you do not know on what day your Lord will come. |
| Matt. 24:50 | The master of that servant will come on a day when he does not expect him and at an hour he is not aware of. |
| Matt. 25:13 | “Therefore keep watch, because you do not know the day or the hour. |
| Luke 12:35 - (36) | “Be dressed ready for service and keep your lamps burning, like servants waiting for their master to return... |
| Luke 12:40 | You also must be ready, because the Son of Man will come at an hour when you do not expect him.” |
| Luke 21:34-36 | “Be careful, or your hearts will be weighed down with carousing, drunkenness and the anxieties of life, and that day will close on you suddenly like a trap. For it will come on all those who live on the face of the whole earth. Be always on the watch, and pray that you may be able to escape all that is about to happen, and that you may be able to stand before the Son of Man.” |
| 16. According to the text, what do some feel is the connection between the return of Christ and the fall of Jerusalem, which took place in A.D. 70? | Some tie the return of Jesus to the Romans’ destroying Jerusalem and its temple in 70 A.D., thus bringing an end to the Old Testament sacrificial system. They say He was invisibly present bringing that judgment, perhaps as a stem in a series of judgments where Christ’s presence brings ongoing victories. |
| 17. What are the two aspects of Christ’s second coming? | A. The Rapture of the church B. The Revelation of Jesus Christ |
| 18. What does the fact that heaven’s armies following Jesus are clothed in white linen tell us about them? | Such description identifies them as the raptured believers who are already in heaven, who have been before the judgment seat of Christ and who have enjoyed the Marriage Supper of the Lamb (Rev. 17:14; 19:7-8) |
| Rev. 17:14 | They will wage war against the Lamb, but the Lamb will triumph over them because he is Lord of lords and King of kings—and with him will be his called, chosen and faithful followers.” |
| Rev. 19:7-8 | Let us rejoice and be glad and give him glory! For the wedding of the Lamb has come, and his bride has made herself ready. Fine linen, bright and clean, was given her to wear.” |
| 19. What three things stand out from Daniel 2 that fit into the Tribulation? | A. The Kingdom must be brought in through judgment. B. The Kingdom will be established by God’s direct, sudden, drastic intervention. C. (When established) The Kingdom will continue forever. |
| 20. On what grounds may we take the Tribulation at the end of this age to be a period of seven years? | Daniel 9:24-27 is often taken to be a period of 7 years |
| 21. What is the significance of the “the abomination that causes desolation” and what fulfillment did Daniel and Jesus mean by it? | Daniel 11:36 through 12:1 jumps ahead to the Antichrist and to the time of Tribulation, which it identifies as a time of distress such as has not happened from the beginning of nations until then. Jesus also identified the time as “great distress” (Matt. 24:21) The Great Tribulation - This time will also see the climax of world rebellion against God, with the rise of the Antichrist as a world dictator, and it will bring terrible judgments on the nations of the world. |
| Matt. 24:21 | For then there will be great distress, unequaled from the beginning of the world until now—and never to be equaled again. |
| 22. What is meant by picturing Jesus as a Lion and as a Lamb? | A. Jesus is the Lamb, the One who gave himself as a sinless sacrifice in our place on the cross, the One still bearing the marks of having been slain (Rev.5:6). B. He is also the Lion of the tribe of Judah who has triumphed—the victory is already His (Rev. 5:5). |
| Rev.5:6 | Then I saw a Lamb, looking as if it had been slain, standing at the center of the throne, encircled by the four living creatures and the elders. The Lamb had seven horns and seven eyes, which are the seven spirits[a] of God sent out into all the earth. |
| Rev. 5:5 | Then one of the elders said to me, “Do not weep! See, the Lion of the tribe of Judah, the Root of David, has triumphed. He is able to open the scroll and its seven seals.” |
| 23. What are the four views for interpretation of the Book of Revelation? | A. The Idealist View B. The Historicist View C. The Preterist View D. The Futurists View |
| 25. What are the chief events described in the central part of the Book of Revelation? | John’s visions of the seals, trumpets, and bowls |
| 26. In Revelation 14, three visions point out three positive notes; what are they? | 1) The Lamb appears on Mount Zion 2) The gospel is proclaimed by an angel 3) The fall of Babylon is announced |
| 27. Describe the nature of the Antichrist. | He will be a distinct person, a real person, a man in whom will be concentrated the climax of lawlessness (the disregard of God’s instructions and God’s will). He will oppose and exalt himself over everything that is called God or is worshiped, that is, be against the true God and Christ. |
| 28. What will happen at the Battle of Armageddon? | At the end of the Tribulation he (the antichrist) will lead the armies of many nations, armies gathered by Satan, at Armageddon. It is then that Jesus will “overthrow (him) with the breath of his mouth and destroy (him) by the splendor of his coming” (2 Thess. 2:8) |
| 2 Thess. 2:8 | And then the lawless one will be revealed, whom the Lord Jesus will overthrow with the breath of his mouth and destroy by the splendor of his coming. |
| 29. What aspect of New Testament concept of Christ’s return is emphasized by pre-tribulationists? | The imminence – that it could be soon. |
| 30. When do pre-tribulationists teach that the Rapture will take place? | They teach that the Rapture will take place before the Tribulation begins, that the departure of believers to be forever with the Lord will signal the beginning of the Tribulation. |
| 31. Although mid-tribulationists have a variety of opinions concerning the exact time of the Rapture, they do agree on what? | They agree that the believing Church will be on earth through at least the first part of the Tribulation. |
| 32. What do post-tribulationists believe? | They believe that the Church will be present on earth during the entire (Tribulation) period. |
| 33. Give four Scripture references that support the pre-tribulationist view. | A. 1 Thess. 5:9 – “God did not appoint us to suffer wrath but to receive salvation through our Lord Jesus Christ” B. 1 Thess. 1:10 – and to wait for his Son from heaven, whom he raised from the dead—“Jesus, who rescues us from the coming wrath” C. 1 Thess. 4:17 - we who are alive and remain will be caught up together with them in the clouds to meet the Lord in the air. D. 2 Thess. 2:1-2 - Concerning the coming of our LORD Jesus Christ and our being gathered to him..” |
| 34. What two things do date setters neglect to closely consider when they foretell specific times for Christ’s return? | A. Mark 13:33 “be on guard! Be alert! You do not know when that time will come.” B. Acts 1:7 “It is not for you to know the times or dated which the Father has set by His own authority.” |
| 37. Describe the Millennium view of: A. Premillennialists | Millennium view that believe our Lord Jesus Christ will return before the Millennium to reign as Priest-King on the earth for a thousand years of blessing and peace, fulfilling Bible prophecy literally. |
| 37. Describe the Millennium view of: B. Amillennialists | Millennium view that spiritualize those prophecies and say there is no golden age, or Millennium on earth-not before Christ’s return, not after He returns. |
| 37. Describe the Millennium view of: C. Postmillennialists | Millennium view that treat the thousand-year period as an extension of the Church Age. A symbol for the amount of time that it will take for Christ to return to a truly Christianized world. |
| 38. What impact did existentialism have on theology in Europe? | By its focus on the human, ignored “the cosmic dimensions of Scripture” and provided an escape from any concern over the past or future… Emphasized the sovereignty of God and “restored eschatology to its pervasive place in theology.” |
| 39a. What are three of the six key issues that separate premillennialists from the postmillennialists and amillennialists? | 1) The hermeneutic: literal or figurative 2) The binding of Satan: after Tribulation or at the Cross 3) The nature of the first resurrection: at the time of the Rapture or at conversion |
| 39b. What are three of the six key issues that separate premillennialists from the postmillennialists and amillennialists? | 4) The judgments: the judgment seat of Christ before the Millennium, and the Great White Throne Judgment after the Millennium, or one general judgment after a general resurrection 5) The place of Israel: Israel’s literal restoration in the Millennium or its deletion from God’s plan forever 6) The reign of Christ and the saints “on the earth”: after Christ returns or in the present age |
| 40. How do you define “literal” interpretation of the Bible and its prophecies? | Seeking the meaning of a passage in its context, and not just within the context of the passage itself, but also within the book it is a part of and within the Bible as a whole. |
| 41. Who are the two groups dealt with in Revelation 20:4? | A. All the believers from the Church Age who remain faithful, being over-comers, that is, conquerors, winners. B. Souls, living individuals who have been martyred during the Tribulation. |
| Revelation 20:4 | I saw thrones on which were seated those who had been given authority to judge. And I saw the souls of those who had been beheaded because of their testimony about Jesus and because of the word of God. They[a] had not worshiped the beast or its image and had not received its mark on their foreheads or their hands. They came to life and reigned with Christ a thousand years. |
| 45. From scriptures such as Matthew 8:11 and 26:29, what is implied to indicate that Jesus looks forward to His Kingdom here on earth? | A wonderful time of believers having fellowship with Jesus, the apostles, and the Old Testament saints in the coming Kingdom on earth, where the “fruit of the vine” grows. |
| Matthew 8:11 | I say to you that many will come from the east and the west, and will take their places at the feast with Abraham, Isaac and Jacob in the kingdom of heaven. |
| Matthew 26:29 | I tell you, I will not drink from this fruit of the vine from now on until that day when I drink it new with you in my Father’s kingdom.” |
| 46. How did God promise to show the holiness of His Great Name? | By returning Israel to the land - even while still in unbelief, even while undeserving – because of God’s faithfulness. |
| 47. Where in the Old Testament does the author say that there is going to be a new temple and a restored ritual of sacrifices and offerings? | Ezekiel 40-48 |
| 49. Why is it important for us to keep in mind “the words in the past by the holy prophets and the command given by our Lord and Savior through the apostles? | They are all part of the one revelation and the one divine plan of redemption. |
| 50. Why do we need a constant reminder of the coming (future) judgements? | Because in the last days scoffers will come scoffing and following their own evil desires. |
| 51. The color of God’s final throne of judgment, white, is important because it radiates what three attributes of God? | A. Holiness B. Majesty C. Glory |
| 52. Who will be the judge and who will be judged at the Great White Throne Judgment? | Jesus Christ will judge the world will be judged |
| 53. On the basis of what 2 things will people be judged at the Great White Throne? | A. By their secrets through Jesus Christ B. By their works |
| 54. What two states describe the destiny of the lost? | A. Darkness B. Eternal Fire |
| 55. What is the teaching of Universalism in regards to the judgment of the wicked? | Teach that the punishment of the wicked will be remedial and everyone eventually will be saved, even Satan and his evil angels. |
| 56. What is the teaching of Annihilationism in regard to the judgment of the wicked? | Teaches that the total person goes out of existence and the soul and spirit cease to have any being. |
| 57. Describe the dimensions of New Jerusalem. | 1,380 miles to each side |
| 58. What does the fact that the names of the 12 tribes of Israel will be written on the gates and the names of the apostles on the 12 foundations of the New Jerusalem reveal? | That both Israel and the Church will be in the city (Rev. 21:12,14). |
| Rev. 21:12,14 | "It had a great, high wall with twelve gates, and with twelve angels at the gates. On the gates were written the names of the twelve tribes of Israel... The wall of the city had twelve foundations, and on them were the names of the twelve apostles of the Lamb." |
| The Idealist view for interpretation of the Book of Revelation- | They understand it as a general picture of a conflict between good and evil that is always going on and therefore do not see any specific identifications in history. |
| The Historicist view for interpretation of the Book of Revelation- | They took the events of the book of Revelation to be scattered throughout church history. |
| The Preterist view for interpretation of the Book of Revelation - | They supposed that most of the visions refer to events in the first century and they tied them to Roman persecution under Nero and Domitian. (This view contends that the prophecies in the book have already been fulfilled and really do not concern us.) |
| The Futurists view for interpretation of the Book of Revelation - | They believed the judgments of Revelation 5-19 will take place during a short period of time at the end of the Church Age, that is, during the Tribulation. |
| 44. Describe what this judgment of Satan will involve. | He will be imprisoned in the abyss for a thousand years. The abyss will be sealed over him, so that he will have no possibility of any activity on earth during that period. Then he will be released for a short time before his eternal judgment in the lake of fire. |
| 43a. What does Rev. 20:1-3 say about the judgment of Satan? | And I saw an angel coming down out of heaven, having the key to the Abyss and holding in his hand a great chain. 2 He seized the dragon, that ancient serpent, who is the devil, or Satan, and bound him for a thousand years. 3 He threw him into the Abyss, and locked and sealed it over him, to keep him from deceiving the nations anymore until the thousand years were ended. After that, he must be set free for a short time. |
| 43b. What does Rev. 20:7-10 say about the judgment of Satan? | When the thousand years are over, Satan will be released from his prison and will go out to deceive the nations in the four corners of the earth—Gog and Magog—and to gather them for battle. In number they are like the sand on the seashore. They marched across the breadth of the earth and surrounded the camp of God’s people, the city he loves. But fire came down from heaven and devoured them. And the devil, who deceived them, was thrown into the lake of burning sulfur, where the beast and the false prophet |
| 35. Why is it a good thing that we do not and cannot know the time of the Rapture? | Perhaps God withheld this information to minimize the peril attendant on the delay of His return. It is better that we do not know the time of Christ’s coming. God wants us to do His work. We are more likely to be faithful and enthusiastic in doing it if we know we must always be alert, ready at any time for His coming (Matt. 24:42; 25:13) |
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