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SOCY-121 Chapter 4
Socialization and the Construction of Reality
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Socialization | the process by which individuals internalize the values, beliefs, and norms of a given society and learn to function as members of that society |
| Self | the individual identity of a person as perceived by that same person |
| I | one's sense of agency, action, or power |
| Me | the self as percieved as an object by the "I" the self as one imagines other perceives one. |
| Other | Someone or something outside of oneself |
| Generalized Other | an internalized sense of the total expectations of others in a variety of settings- regardless of whether we've encountered those people or places before |
| Resocialization | the process by which one's sense of social values, beliefs, and norms are reengineered, often deliberately, through an intense social process that may take place in a total institution |
| Total Institution | an institution in which one is totally immersed and that controls all the basics of day-to-day life; no barriers exist between the usual spheres of daily life, and all activity occurs in the same place and under the same single authority |
| Status | a recognizable social position that an individual occupies |
| Role | the duties and behaviors expected of someone who holds a particular status |
| Role Strain | the incompatibility among roles corresponding to a single status |
| Role Conflict | the tension caused by competing demands between two or more roles pertaining to different statuses. |
| Status Set | all the statuses one holds simultaneously |
| Ascribed Status | a status into which one is born; involuntary status (age, race, sex) |
| Achieved Status | a status into which one enters; voluntar status (juggler, drug dealer, peace activist) |
| Master Status | one status within a set that stands out or overrides all others (lesbian, disabled, Christian, unemployed) |
| Gender Roles | sets of behavioral norms assumed to accompany one's status as male or female |
| Symbolic Interactionism | a micro-level theory in which shared meanings, orientations, and assumptions form the basic motivations behind peoples actions |
| Dramaturgical Theory | the view of social life as essentailly a thatrical performance, in which we are all actors on metaphorical stages, with roles, scripts, costumes and sets |
| Face | the esteem in which an individual is held by others |
| Ethnomethodology | the 'methods of people': this approach to studying human interaction focuses on the ways in which we make sense of our world, convey this understanding to others, and produce a shared social order |
| Alan Turing | Turing Test: if the subject can't reliably distinguish the computer from the living human, then you pass the test. {Autistic} |
| Erving Goffman | strangers on a train example, soon we'll all be autistic |
| Craig Calhoun | Socialization: the process through which individuals internalize the values, beliefs, and norms of a society and learn to function as it's members |
| Charles Horton Cooley | Looking Glass Self: self emerges through a social process |
| George Herbert Mead | I/me |
Created by:
ambermaclean12
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