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WH B1 Side by Side
From the side by side review
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What was early writing used for? | Civilization. An advanced form of society in which some people live in cities/towns, have complex institutions (government), use some form of written language for record keeping,have specialized occupations, and have advanced science and technology. |
| Name two ways people acquired food after the Neolithic Revolution. A. B. | Food surpluses. People began to change from hunters and gatherers to agriculture (growing food). Domestication of Animals. People learned to domesticate animals such as goats, sheep, and cattle |
| What does surplus mean? | Because of the surplus of food (more than what was needed), not everyone had to be farmers, they could have other occupations (jobs). |
| Where did the earliest civilizations develop? | The first civilizations developed along rivers with mild climates,fertile soil from periodic floods. |
| Why did the earliest civilizations develop along rivers? | The first civilizations developed along rivers with mild climates,fertile soil from periodic floods. Here, farmers were able to grow a surplus of food, allowing the rise of civilization |
| What river valley did Mesopotamia develop in? | Mesopotamia. The region between the Tigris and Euphrates Rivers; invented the sailboat, irrigation, the wheel, calendar, and bronze. |
| What was the earliest written code of laws? | Code of Hammurabi was the earliest written law code; it was a 151 laws of strict justice. |
| What river valley did Egypt develop in? | Egypt. Developed along the Nile River in North Africa; Egyptian society was ruled by a powerful pharaoh; advanced in astronomy, mathematics, built pyramids. |
| What is the holy book for Judaism? | Judaism Judaism was the religion of the ancient Hebrews.The Torah. First part of the Jewish Bible Ten Commandments. Established a moral code of law: emphasizes living justly; belief in one God; honoring one’s parents, not killing or stealing. |
| Who united to fight against and defeat the Persians? | Persian Civilization Had a vast empire. They had a money economy, built hundreds of miles of roads to control their empire. They were enemies of the Greeks and lost to them during the Persian Wars. |
| Why did independent city-states form instead of a united Greece? | City-States. Rugged mountains cut off communication from the population. This led to the development of separate city-states. |
| What was the focus of Spartan society? | Sparta. A city-state that focused mainly on military strength and training. At an early age males were taught to be strong soldiers serving the state. |
| Where was the birthplace of democracy? | Athens. Developed the world’s first democracy |
| How did Athenian democracy work? | Developed the world’s first democracy where citizens were the source of political decisions made by popular vote, but women, foreigners, and slaves were not citizens and could not participate. |
| What did philosophers believe was powerful enough to understand the world and solve problems? | Philosophers. Athenians believed logic and human reason was powerful enough to understand the world and solve problems. Noted Greek philosophers questioned nature and life: Socrates, Plato, Aristotle. They will influence scientific discovery. |
| What culture was created by the conquests of Alexander the Great? | Alexander the Great. After he conquered the Greeks, his territory from Eastern Europe, North Africa, and Central Asia as far as India. Hellenistic Culture. His conquests will blend Greek culture with the cultures of the Middle East and India. |
| What type of government did Rome originally have? | Roman Republic. A republic is a system in which the government is ruled by elected representatives. Roman society had two main social classes: patricians and plebeians. |
| What were the Twelve Tables? | Twelve Tables. Rome’s common system of written laws that stated that citizens were “equal under the law” and “innocent until proven guilty”. |
| Name 3 Roman advancements. A. B. C. | Roman Advancements. Aqueducts carried water to the cities, they created the dome in architecture, and built over 50,000 miles of roads. |
| .Where did Christianity originate? | Christianity. This religion began in the Roman province of Judea in the Middle East. It’s followers believe that Jesus of Nazareth was the son of God and the messiah (savior). Over hundreds of years it will spread throughout the Roman Empire. |
| Who created the caste system in India? | Empires of India Aryans. They created Sanskrit (a form of writing). They introduced Hinduism to India and developed a new social order called the caste system. The caste system was a rigid social structure based upon skin color. |
| What was the Gupta Empire known for? | Gupta Empire. They ushered in a “Golden Age of Hindu Culture.” Advanced mathematics concept of zero and a decimal system was introduced. |
| According to the Hindu concept of reincarnation, what determines who or what you are reborn as? | Hinduism. Hindus believe in many gods and goddesses that are all forms of one Supreme Being. Reincarnation (belief the soul is reborn in another form). How you are reborn is based on karma (the actions of you in your previous life). Vedas is holy book. |
| What isolated China from the rest of the world? | Dynasties of China Early China was isolated from the rest of the world because of the many natural barriers such as mountain ranges, deserts, and Pacific Ocean. |
| What was exchanged from Silk Road trade? A. B. C. | Han Dynasty. Est. trade along the Silk Road. This connected China to Rome and other empires. Camel caravans used this route to carry silk and other luxury items. In addition to goods, technology and religious ideas were exchanged from Silk Road travel. |
| How was the fall of the Han Dynasty similar to the fall of Rome? | The fall of the Han Dynasty was similar to Rome in that poor leadership and internal conflicts led to their decline |
| Who is important according to the Confucian concept of filial piety? | Filial Piety. Honoring your parents or elders. |
| What is the holy book for Islam? | Quran/Koran. Holy book of Islam. Contains Allah’s messages as spoken to Muhammad. |
| .What advancements in mathematics were made during the Golden Age of Islamic culture? | Mathematics. Advancements in algebra and geometry with use of zero borrowed from India. Written number system. |
| How did they learn about the human blood system? | Medicine & Science. Arab doctors discovered that blood moves to and from the heart. They learned to diagnose many diseases, including measles and smallpox.They learned through experimentation. |
| What instruments were used by Muslim explorers? A. B. | Geography & Exploration. Became advanced in cartography (mapmaking) and used instruments like the compass to show direction and an astrolabe (an instrument that uses the position of objects in the sky to find one’s location). Developed the Lateen sail. |
| What works did they translate into Arabic? | Literature. Translated the works of Greeks and Romans into Arabic. Used a writing technique called calligraphy. |
| What three kingdoms engaged in gold-salt trade? A. B. C. | Kingdom of Ghana. Prospered by taxing the gold-salt trade. Kingdom of Mali. Controlled gold-salt trade. Kingdom of Songhai. Also grew rich from trade across the Sahara. Its people were Muslims; expanded trade with Europe and Asia. |
| What was the cultural center of West Africa? | Mansa Musa, the king, visited Cairo on his pilgrimage to Mecca. He expanded Timbuktu, which became a center of Islamic learning and culture (had a library, university, and mosque) |
| What did Ghengis Khan do after uniting all of the Mongol tribes? | Ghengis Khan. United the Mongols in 1206. Built an empire that included China, the Islamic Empires, and Russia. Conquered people had to pay a tribute. |
| What were some of the goods that came from China? | European explorer Marco Polo visited and wrote a book that inspired European desire for Chinese exotic goods like silk, porcelain, and new technologies like the compass and gunpowder. |
Created by:
crleonard
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