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Chapters 1-7
Pathology and Tests/Procedures
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Anorexia | Lack of appetite; Anorexia is often a sign of malignancy or Anorexia Nervosa is loss of appetite with emotional problems such as anger, anxiety, and irrational fear of weight gain |
| Ascites | Abnormal accumulation of fluid in the abdomen; occurs when fluid passes from the bloodstream and collects in the Peritoneal cavity |
| Borborygmi/borborymus | Rumbling or gurgling noises produced by the movement of gas, fluid, or both in the gastrointestinal tract |
| Glomerulonephritis | Acute inflammation of the glomerulus capsules in the kidneys or inflammation in the kidneys usually caused by an immune response |
| Interstitial Nephritis | A kidney disorder where the kidney tubules become inflamed which reduces the kidney's ability to filter properly |
| Neohrolithiasis | The process of forming a kidney stone usually in the kidneys but can be found in the lower intestinal tract |
| Nephrotic Syndrome | A kidney disorder that causes your body to pass to much protein into your urine |
| Polycystic Kidney Disease | masses of cysts in the kidney's and is usually genetic and eventual causes your kidneys to to shut down overtime |
| Pyelonenephritis | a sudden and severe inflammation of the kidney's |
| Renal Cell Carcinoma | Malignant tumors that form in the lining of the kidneys tubules most common form of kidney cancer |
| Renal Failure | kidney failure that occurs due to any kidney diseases or infections |
| Renal Hypertension | high blood pressure due to any of the kidney's arteries constricting or getting smaller |
| Wilm's Tumor | Malignant tumor of the kidney's usually in children and is also known as Nephroblastoma |
| Bladder Cancer | Cancer or a malignant tumor that begins in the lining of the bladder |
| Diabetes Insipidus | A disease in which the secretion of vasopressin, a pituitary gland hormone, is impaired which results in production of large quantities of dilute urine and comes with thirst and dehydration |
| Diabetes Mellitus | A disease where the body's ability to produce or respond to the hormone insulin is impaired which results in an abnormal metabolism of carbs elevated glucose levels in the blood and urine |
| Blood Urea Nitrogen test | A blood test that looks for the amount of urea nitrogen in your blood to determine your kidney's function |
| Creatine Clearance test | A test that measures the creatine levels in both your blood and urine in a 24hr period, results are determined by the amount of creatine cleared from your blood stream into your urine |
| CT/ MR Urography | Primary imaging techniques to determine/evaluate patients with blood in their urine |
| KUB or Kidney, Ureters, Bladder | An abdominal x-ray that shows the KUB this allows the doctors to asses the organs of your urinary and GI systems |
| Renal Audiography | special x-ray of the blood vessels in the kidneys |
| Retrograde Pyelogram (RP) | an x-ray where dye is injected into the kidney's from below/way of the urethra filled with contrast medium |
| Voiding Cystourethrogram (VCUG) | x-ray image taken during urinations with the bladder and urethra filled with contrast dye |
| Ultrasonogram | High frequency sound wave imaging |
| Radioisotope Scan | Imaging of the kidney's after injecting a radioisotope into the blood stream |
| Magnetic Resonance Imaging Urography | A changing magnetic field produces images of an organ and surrounding structures in 3 planes of the body |
| Cystoscopy | A procedure that uses a tube to examine the bladder and urethra |
| Dialysis | Purifying treatment of the blood given when kidney function is decreasing in function |
| Lithotripsy | a treatment which uses ultrasound shock waves to break the kidney stones into smaller pieces so they are able to pass |
| Renal Angioplasty | A catheter is inserted into the renal artery through the blockage then a balloon is inflated to open or allow more blood flow |
| Renal Biopsy | a procedure that takes a small piece of kidney tissue that would be examined under a microscope |
| Renal transplant | a kidney transplant usually needed due to kidney failure |
| Urinary Catheter | A small flexible tube inserted into the urethra into the bladder to drain the bladder |
| Hemodialysis | A procedure/machine that filters your blood outside your body usually inserted into your arm and it connects your arteries and veins |
| Continuous Ambulatory Peritoneal Dialysis | A way to remove waste from your body when your kidney's aren't able to function properly; preferred way of treatment for end of stage kidney disease |
Created by:
ElinorW.
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