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9th History
The Making of the Medieval Europe #8
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Catholic | Meaning simply "universal" or "encompassing all" |
| Pope | "Father-Protector" This had been applied to other bishops in both the east and the west; by the 6th century, however, it referred to the bishop of Rome. |
| Roman Sacramental System | This is an outgrowth of this mixture of human tradition and Bible doctrine. The Roman church defines a sacrament as a religious act that automatically grants grace (spiritual benefit) by its very performance. The church said sacraments were necessary. |
| Mass | Name for the communion service |
| Transubstantiation | Where the priest claims to transform the bread and wine into the actual body and blood of Christ. |
| Clergy | Name for the "enlisted" men (through Holy Orders. |
| Laity | Name for the "non-enlisted" men |
| Purgatory | A place of temporary punishment where souls bound for heaven must go after death to atone for their "minor" unconfessed sins or for which they have not done sufficient penance. |
| Mayor of the Palace | Called Major domo. Originally he supervised only the king's household, but later extended his authority over the financial, military, and administrative functions of government. |
| Feudalism | This was the form of government prevalent in western Europe from the 9th to the 13th centuries. It provided relative order and security until a more structured government emerged. |
| Lords | land holding nobles that received their lands from the king who all land belonged to by right of conquest or inheritance. |
| Fiefs | Land grants from the king. |
| Vassal | Servants of the king. Upon accepting the land the nobles became the kings _______. |
| Subinfeudation | A further division of the land which allowed a lord to partition his fief to other nobles and thus the vassal became a lord until the land could no longer be divided. |
| Homage | This was the ceremony by which a man became a vassal and then eligible for a fief. |
| Investiture | The symbolic act in which the lord gave to the vassal the right of use of a fief. |
| Aids | These were special payments made by the vassals for special occasions like the marriage of the lords eldest daughter or the knighting of the lords eldest son |
| Castle | This was the center of nobility. They were built for defense. |
| Knight | Thus is a easily recognizable symbol of the medieval world. Fought against others. |
| Page | The first stage of becoming a knight. Began at age 7. Job was to study academics, fencing, horsemanship, hunting with dogs, and falconry. |
| Squire | The 2nd stage of becoming a knight. Began in mid-teens. He was a personal servant to the knight, caring for his armor, weapons, horse, clothing and attending him and his family at the table. |
| Chivarlry | The code that told the knights what was right and wrong. |
| Tournament | Were the knights maintained their skills through games of mock war. Jousting and melee. |
| Manor | This was the main home for the vast majority of people living in Western Europe during the middle ages. It is a self-contained farming community controlled by a lord and farmed by peasants. |
| Demesne | The land reserved for the lord. |
| Two-field System | Villagers planted crops on only half of the cultivated land, leaving the other half to lie fallow for a year to recover its fertility. The following year, they reversed the procedure. |
| Three-field System | This established a pattern of rotating planting among three fields. |
| Freemen | These were the more privileged peasants who served as manorial officials or provided skilled labor, such as blacksmith, millers, and carpenters. |
| Serfs | These people made up the majority of the people on the manor. |
| Week Work | The obligation where the serfs devoted two or three days a week to working for their lord. |
Created by:
Bham
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