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Hematologic Terms
Dr. Wolf's Clin Path 1, CVC, SPR2006
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Acanthocyte | A spiculated or spiny Erythrocyte |
| Adenosine triphosphate | High-energy phosphate compound, generated by anaerobic glycolysis, which maintains the membrane of the erythrocyte |
| Agranulocyte | A leukocyte without definate cytoplasmic granules |
| Agranulocytosis | Nearly complete or complete abscense of the granulocytes from the blood and bone marrow |
| Anemia | A decrease in the hemoglobin value, the packed cell volume, or the erythrocyte count of more than two standard deviations below the mean normal |
| Anisocytosis | Variation in the size of the cells, usually the erythrocytes |
| Anticoagulant | A substance that prevents the coagulation of blood |
| Aplastic | Cessation of blood cell formation |
| Arneth's index | classification; of formula; Classification of the neutrophils according to the number of lobes their nuclei possess |
| Band form | In the Schilling classification, a granulocyte with a nucleus that is unsegmented and ribbonlike; also called stab, nonfilamented. |
| Basket cell | A degenerative cell that has ruptured and in which the cell nucleus appears as a pale staining smear without prescribed form or shape |
| Basophilic stippling Erythrocyte | that shows blue staining, basophilic granules scattered throughout |
| Bleeding time | The time required for a small, standardized wound to stop bleeding |
| Blood dyscrasia | An abnormal condition of the blood or the blood-forming organs |
| Buffy coat | The layer of leukocytes, thrombocytes, and nucleated erythrocytes, if any, that collect immediately above the erythrocytes in sedimented or centrifuged whole blood |
| Coagulation time | The time required for venous blood, in the absence of all tissue factors, to clot in glass tubes under controlled conditions |
| Color index | The ratio between the amount of hemoglobin and the number of erythrocytes |
| Crenation | Shrinkage of cells in a hypertonic solution with the formation of irregular margins and a number of prickly points. Also seen in smears caused by dirty glassware, slow drying, extreem temperatures, and poor smearing technique |
| Differential count | A count of the types of leukocytes, seen on a stained blood smear or bone marrow |
| Smudge cell | Any cellof any series in which the cytomplasmic outline has been disrupted or the nuclear chromatin is no longer surrounded by a membrane |
| Dohle bodies | Small (1 to 2 microns) round or oval, gray-blue bodies in the cytoplasm of neutrophilic leukocytes, thought to be due to incomplete utilization of TNA during maturation of the cytoplasm |
| Eosinophilia | An increase in the relative or absolute number of eosinophils in the blood |
| Erythrocytic hypoplasia | Hypoplasia of the erythrocytic series only; indicates a selective depression of erythrogenesis |
| Erythrocytopenia | A decreased number of erythrocytes in the peripheral blood |
| Erythrocytosis | The presence of an increased erythrocyte count above normal and associated with an increased total blood volume |
| Erythropoiesis | The production of erythrocytes |
| Erythropoietin | The hormonal or humoral substance in the plasma that regulates erythropoiesis by stimulation of the bone marrow |
| Ferritin | A protein molecule that stores iron |
| Fibrin | The end product of the clotting mechanism, which forms a network of fibers that enmesh the formed elements of blood |
| Fragility test | A test devised to measure the resistance of the erythrocytes to break down (hemolyze) when subjected to varying concentrations of hypotonic salt solutions; osmotic fragility test |
| Globin | A protein subunit of hemoglobin composes of an alpha-one and beta-one polypeptide chain |
| Clucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G-6-PD) | An enzyme of aerobic glycolysis |
| Granulocyte | A leukocyte that contains specific cytoplasmic granules (neutrophils, eosinophils, basophils) regardless of the stage of differentiation |
| Granulocytosis | Presence of increased numbers of granulocytes in the blood |
| Haptoglobin | A plasma beta globulin that binds the heihemoglobin molecule |
| Heinz bodies | An intraerythrocytic mass of denatured globin, irregular in shape and appearing as refractile granules when slightly out of focus. This latter property is responsible for their being called erythrocyte refractile bodies |
| Hemocytometer | An instrument for counting the number of cells, especially in the blood |
| Hemoglobinemia | A condition in which the hemoglobin is dissolved out of the the erythrocytes in solution in the plasma |
| Hemolysis | Destruction of erythrocytes by dissolution or lysis |
| Hemosiderin | An insoluble form of storage iron visible microscopically |
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