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Blesi8e Ch20 Terms
[MA4] The Endocrine System [Tier 01]
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| acromegaly | a chronic condition characterized by enlargement of bones of the extremities and have some bones of the head; thickening of the facial bones |
| adrenal | pertaining to the adrenal glands, which sits atop of each kidney |
| adrenaline | an internal secretion derived from the adrenal glands; can be commercially prepared from animal gland; acts as a stimulate |
| adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) | a hormone secreted by the anterior lobe of the pituitary gland |
| aldosterone | a mineralocorticoid hormone secreted by the adrenal cortex |
| cretinism | a congenital condition caused by the lack of the hormone thyroxin |
| Cushing's syndrome | a disorder resulting from hypersecretion of glucocorticoids from the adrenal cortex |
| diabetes mellitus | a metabolic disease caused by the body's inability to use carbohydrates |
| dwarfism | a conditions caused by inadequate growth hormone during childhood |
| endocrine | a gland that secretes directly into the bloodstream |
| epinephrine | a hormone produced by the adrenal medulla |
| estrogen | a female hormone produced by the ovaries |
| exocrine | a gland that secretes substances through a duct into the body |
| exophthalmos | abnormal protrusion of the eyeball |
| gigantism | a condition resulting from the overproduction of growth hormone during childhood |
| glycohemoglobin | sugar in the blood |
| glycosuria | sugar in the urine |
| goiter | an enlargement of the thyroid gland |
| gonad | the sex glands, the ovaries and the testicals in the males |
| gonadotropic | related to stimulation of gonads |
| hormone | a chemical substance secreted by an organ or gland |
| hyperglycemia | increase of the blood sugar, as in diabetes |
| hyperthyroidism | a condition caused by excessive to a stimulus of any kind |
| hypoglycemia | deficiency of sugar in the blood |
| hypothyroidism | a condition caused by a marked deficiency of thyroid secretion |
| insulin | a hormone secreted by the islets of Langerhans in the pancreas |
| islets of Langerhans | clusters of cells in the pancreas |
| luteinizing | a hormone effect that causes ovulation and progesterone in female and sperm production and testosterone in the male |
| mineralocorticoid | a biologic principle of the adrenal cortex involved in regulating body fluid and electrolytes |
| myxedema | a condition resulting from the hypofunction of the thyroid gland |
| ovary | a female gland, which produces hormones causing the secondary sex characteristics to develop and be maintained |
| parathyroid | small endocrine glands located close to the thyroid gland |
| pineal body | a small endocrine gland attached to the posterior part of the third ventricle of the brain |
| pituitary | a small endocrine gland attached to the base of the brain; the "master" gland |
| progesterone | a hormone secreted by graafian follicle following the expulsion |
| puberty | the period of life at which one becomes functionally capable of reproduction |
| testes | a male gonads of the secreted that produce sperm |
| testosterone | a male hormone secreted by the testes that causes and maintains male secondary sex characteristics |
| tetany | intermittent topic spasm resulting from inadequate parathyroid hormone |
| thymus | an unpaired organ located in the mediastinal cavity anterior to and above the heart |
| thyroid | an endocrine gland locate anteriorly at the base of the neck |
| thyroidectomy | a surgical removal of the thyroid gland |
Created by:
MaesterRay
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