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The body as a whole
mblex study Questions
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| what is the scientific term for study of the body structure | Anatomy |
| what cavity contains mediastinum | thoracic cavity |
| what is the meaning of prefix Dis | dissect |
| What is the meaning of prefix Logy | study of |
| What is the meaning of tomy | cutting, especially as part of a surgical process |
| what is the medial term ana mean | upward , again , bacck |
| What is the meaning of cata | down," |
| what does home/o | same |
| what does intra mean | within |
| what does stat, stasis | stand , stoppage , constancy |
| Catabolism is | a breakdown of complex substance into simpler ones |
| Extracellular | is fluid is outside of the cell |
| Homeostasis is | the steady state ( sameness within an organism |
| Intracellular is | fluid is within the cell |
| what is a group of cells working together for the same general purpose | Tissue |
| Normal body function maintains a state of internal balance called | Homeostasis |
| where is the mediastinum located | is the space between the lungs , including the organs and the vessels contained in that space |
| What is the name of the system that uses electrical signals to control and coordinate other systems | The Nervous system |
| Name the system that brings needed substance to the body tissue | The Cardiovascular system |
| Name the system that converts food into a form that body cell can use | The digestive system |
| Name the system of the outermost body system | The integumentary system |
| Name the system of the glands that produce hormones | The Endocrine system |
| What science studies normal body structures ? | Anatomy |
| Name the two main body cavities | ventral cavity and dorsal cavity. |
| Name the subdivison of the dorsal | Cranial and Spinal |
| Name in order of action the component of the negative feedback loop | Sensor, Control Center and Effector |
| What is the difference between catabolism and anabolism | Catabolism produces energy but anabolism uses energy |
| The most inferior midline regions of the abdomen is ? | Hypogastric |
| A plane that divides the body into right and left portions is ? | Sagittal plane |
| Define anatomic position | designate body position |
| Define metabolism | life sustaining reaction that occur within the body |
| Define system | group of organs function together for the same purpose |
| Define tissue | Group of cells that perform a specialized function |
| The most inferior midline regions of the abdomen is ? | Hypogastric |
| Name the subdivision of the Ventral | Thoracis -then -abdominal and pelvis - thoracic has 9 regions and four quadrants |
| Name 9 regions of the thoracic cavity | epigastric,unbilical , hypogastic , hyochondriac ( lt and rt ) Lumbar ( lt and rt) Illian ( lt and rt ) |
| where is Epigastric located | Just inferior to the breastbone |
| Umbilical | called the navel |
| Hypogastric | most inferior to the midline regions ( in the middle under the navel ) |
| Left and right Hypochondriac | Just inferior to the ribs ( below the ribs ) |
| Lumbar Regions | on the level of the lumbar region of the spine ( middle right and left of the naval ) |
| Iliac or inguinal | name of the upper crest of the hipbone and the groin region |
| 1. Adenosine triphosphate release energy in muscles through what process ? | 1c- Catabolism |
| 2. The substances between cell tissue made up of ground substances and fibers is called | 2a-Matrix |
| 4. The chemical reaction that occurs in cells to effect transformation , production or consumption of energy | d- Metabolism |
| 5. atomic bonding to form molecules occurs because of action among | c-Electrons R- describes the function of electrons |
| 6.The most stable atomic bond is the ? | B-Polar convent |
| 7 When chemical bonds are broken and new ones are formed , what has occurred ? | D- Chemical reaction |
| 8 .The physiologic process that converts food and air into energy is called ? | A- Metabolism |
| 10. Which of the following organelles is invlved in the manufacture or proteins ? | D- Ribosomes |
| 11. The most abundant component in cells is | A-Water R- of the list four is the most abundant |
| 12 cell division is the reproduction process of the cells called ? | B-Mitosis |
| 13 .When a cell is able to preform a specialized function , the structure of the cell is modified is called | C-Differentiation |
| 14 .Basement membrane connects epithelial tissue to what type of tissue | D-Connective |
| 15. Which of the following is considered a cutaneous membrane | A-Skin R-Skin is the largest cutaneous membrane |
| 16.which of the following membranes lines cavities not open to the external environment and many organs ? | C-Serous |
| 17. what types of tissue of the most abundant in the body | Connective tissue |
| 18.Specialization of connective tissue is focused towards ? | A- Support |
| 19.The connective tissue type with the greatest blood flow ? | C-Areolar |
| 20.The type of connective tissue most often found in ligaments and tendons is | A-Dense regular |
| 21. what of the following cell types is found in the connective tissue matrix that secrets bone | C-Osteoblast |
| 22. what property of collagen may make it viable in the generation of electrical potentials ? | B-Piezoelectric aspects |
| 24. f a bruise is charted as located on the clients thigh , which of the following correctly describes where the bruise is located ? | B-Regional Anatomy |
| 25.The term basement membrane and reticular fibers relate to which of the following | A-Epithelial and connective tissue |
| 3. The complementary relationship of opposites is described by | C-Yin and Yang |
| 9. In which of the following chemical reactions are complex compounds formed ? | A-Anabolism |
| 23. what organ is considered the yin ? | A- Heart |
| 1.In realtionship of anatomy and physiology , the phrase structure and function means | b-Anatomy guides physiology and is modified by function |
| 2.How is physiology used in the application of massage ? | c-Decision making related to projected outcomes |
| 3.Characteristics of life involve which of the following concepts ? | a-Physiology |
| 4Homeostasis often begins at what level of body organizations ? | a- chemical |
| 5The concept of yang as compared with atomic structure is ? | b-Protons |
| 6What type of atomic bond holds DNA together ? | c-Covalent |
| 7How long does massage affect chemical reactions ? | a-Generates a stimulus |
| 8Why is the study of chemical actions in the body important to the massage professional ? | b-Many treatment benefits are derived from chemical reactions |
| 9The diverse forms of connective tissue are attributed to ? | a-Properties of cells and compositions of the matrix |
| 10what tissue is most likely to be damaged from wear and tear of the hip and knee joint | a-Hyaline cartilage |
| 11Mass age method applied to connective tissue affect its thixotropic properties by | d-Agiting ground substance and encouraging a softer , more pliable textures |
| 12The Asian healing theory of the law of the five elements relates best to which structures ? | c-The Asian healing theory of the law of five elements relates best to which structures ? |
| 13A massage therapist notices that a client heart rate has decrease and the client breathing has become slower and deeper . Which of the following best describe this outcome from the massage ? | c- change in physiology |
| 14What defines statement of homeostasis ?**** | d- R- |
| 15A client reports that she has hormonal imbalance related to a diet low lipids which means that the diet is | c- Excessively low in fat |
| 1.The common relationship between yin/yang , the five -element theory , and ayurvedic dosha is ? | c- Homeostasis |
| 2.Ayurvedic theory classifies physiologic functions by ? | d- Doshas |
| 3.Which of the following represent principles of movement ? | b-Vata |
| 4.Any stimulus that disrupts internal homeostasis is called | c- Stress |
| 5. sensor mechanism , an integration / control center and an effector mechanism are parts of a ? | d-Feedback Loop |
| 6.Feedback that reverses the original stimulus , thereby stabilizing physiologic function is ? | b-Negative |
| 7.Biologic rhythms are related to ? | a-Circadian patterns |
| meaning of Corne/o | cornified |
| meaning of derm | skin |
| meaning of melan/o | black , dark |
| meaning of sub | below |
| meaning of ap/o | separation from , deviation from |
| meaning of pil | hair |
| meaning of hemo | blood |
| what are the three layer of the skin | epidermis , dermis and hypodermis |
| what is the epidermis | top layer , made up of mostly avascular epithelial tissue |
| what is dermis | Middle layer ,considered the true skin , capillaries feed blood to this layer that is primary made up collagen and adipose |
| what is the hypodermis | deepest layer |
| Two prime cell types in the epidermis layer | keratein inocytes and melanocytes |
| Keratinocytes | produces keratin which proofs and protects |
| Melanocytes | produces melanin which provider UV protection and determines skin pigments |
| The epidermis level had five levels | stratum Basale, Stratum Spinosum, Stratum granulosum, Stratum lucidum and stratum Coroneum |
| stratum Basale | The deepest level of the epidermis |
| Stratum Spinosum | bonding and transitional layer |
| Stratum granulosum | keratinocytes become granulized and began to die |
| Stratum lucidum | not present in all people and may only be in hand and feet where the skin is thicker |
| stratum Coroneum | outer layer of the epidermis contains dead cells that flakes off continuously |
| Collagen | is a group of structural protein found not only in the skin but ligaments , blood vessels and bone . |
| Elastin | is a protein that functions like elastic - it stretch's and pulls to the original shape . |
| The dermis contains two types of glands | Sudoriferous and sebaceous glands |
| Sudoriferous gland is | excrete sweat |
| sebaceous glands is | produce sebum , oily substances that lubricates and waterproofs the skin and hair |
| Hypodermis | is a subcutaneous tissue layer that separates the dermis from the underlying tissue and organ . Consisting primarily adipose tissue , it aborbs shocks and provides thermal insulation . |
| Hair follicles are | small tube- shape craters contained in the epidermis layer that enclosed them extents to the dermis layer where it is nourished |
| The human body had how many follicles | over millions |
| shape of the follicles determine | the hair texture and is genetically determined |
| Hair Papilla | connective tissue at the base of the hair follicle |
| Arrector pili | small muscles that hold each follicle in place |
| Hair bulb or Root | nipple shape where the hair papilla is located |
| fingernails and toes nail grow out of what | Dermis layer |
| Nail Plate | is the most visible part of the nail comparable to the hair shaft primarily shaft |
| Nail bed | the skin underneath the nail plate |
| Nail root | where the nail growth begins , comparable to the hair root |
| Nail Matrix | a layer of cells sits underneath the nail root . it is a vacular layer that nourishes the nail root . contains nerves and populates keratinocytes |
| Nail folds | where the lateral and proximal edges of the nail bed meet the skin |
| eponychium | mostly known as the cuticle direct contact with the nail matrix and root providing a water proof seal |
| Lunula | only living part of the nail that is visible , whitish crescent moon shape |
| What is the purpose of melanin in the epidermis ? | Melanin is produced by Melanocytes |
| What occurs in the proliferative phase of the wound healing ? | The wound begins to filling with new tissue that forms a lining in the bed of the wound allowing a scar to form . |
| Four phases of the skin to heal | Inflammatory , Epithelialization, proliferative and remodeling |
| Merkel Discs | superficial and respond to sustained pressure and perceive texture |
| Free Nerve endings | respond to temperature and pain |
| Meissner Corpuscles | Superficial and highly sensitive to light touch and vibration . |
| Krause Corpuscles | respond to light pressure and vibration |
| Ruffini end Organs | respond to continuous touch and pressure |
| Pacinian Corpuscles | Respond to quick , fleeting touch and vibrations |
| Factors that can slow the healing process | Aging, chronic illness, suppressed immune system , reduced sensation in the skin, some medication , cancer treatments, inadequate nutrition , stress , repeated trauma to the wound site . |
| Inflammatory phase | Phase begins immediately may last up to 24 hours- |
| Epithelialization phase | When a temporary protective barrier is formed to keep out bacteria and other pathogens |
| Proliferative phase | wound begins to fill in and a scare is formed in the lining of the wound |
| remodeling phase | When healing process is complete |
| Angiogenesis | formation of new blood vessels |
| Keloid Scar | result of an overgrowth of scar tissue |
| Hair follicles are developed in | the womb after birth no new follicles are developed |
| Acute wounds | |
| Chronic Wounds | Repeated trauma , continued pressure |
| Diabetic ulcers | mostly on the feet , mostly a result of bone malformation , peripheral neuropathy and arterial disease |
| Pressure ulcers | pressure preventing blood flow to the area |
| First degree burn | minor burn only effecting the epidermis |
| second degree burns | effect the epidermis and dermis |
| Thirds degree burns | effect the epidermis , dermis and the hypodermis |
| Venous Ulcers | occurs in lower leg as a result of weaken veins or damaged or ineffected venous flaps or valves . |
| Fourth degree burn | burn reached the tendon and the bone |
| what occurs in the Proliferative` phase of a wound healing | A scare is formed |
| . What is the meaning of corne/o-// | cornified , keratinized |
| . What is the meaning of derm/o- | Skin |
| . What is the meaning of melano- | Dark and black |
| . What is the meaning of sub- | Below |
| . What is the meaning of ap- | separtion from , deviation from |
| . What is the meaning of pil- | Hair |
| What is the meaning of hemo- | Blood |
| . Cells of stratum corneum contain large amounts of protein Cells of stratum corneum contain large amounts of protein | |
| Sweat glands located in the axillae and the groin are classified as _______glands | |
| The name the muscles that raise the hair is | The arrector pili muscles, also knows as hair erector muscles, are small muscles attached to hair follicles in mammals. |
| A dark colored pigment that protects the skin from rays is sunlight is called ? | |
| Refer to the intergumentary system in The body visible overlays to find that Meissner and Ruffini corpuscles are receptors for the sense of ____________? | |
| What is the acessory skin structure that lubricates the eye ? | |
| Deepest dividing epithelial layer of the skin ? | |
| A deep pressure receptor in the skin | Deep pressure and vibration is transduced by lamellated (Pacinian) corpuscles, which are receptors with encapsulated endings found deep in the dermis, |
| Modified sweat gland that produces ear wax ? | |
| Superficial layer of the epidermis | |
| The dermis is the _____________ to the epidermis | |
| The layer of the skin that contains blood vessels is ? | |
| Finger prints and footprints are formed by ? | |
| Nails grow from which area ? | |
| Which glands are involved in temperature regulations ? | |
| Why is the skin described as a membrane? An Organ ? A system ? | |
| What changes occur in the skin with age ? | |
| Describe the event associated with skin wound healing ? | |
| Describe the location and function of the two types of skin glands ? | |
| What are the four most important functions of the skin? | |
| Compare and contrast the epidermis, dermis, and hypodermis. How are the outermost cells of the epidermis replaced ? | |
| Define apocrine ? | sweat gland that are always associated with hair follicles / mainly in the armpits |
| Define arrector pili ? | |
| Define cerumen ? | wax |
| Define dermis ? | skin |
| Define eccrine ? | |
| Define epidermis ? | |
| Define hair Follicle | |
| Define integumentary system ? | Integumentary mean covering |
| Define keratin ? | |
| Define Melanin ? | a dark pigment that colors the skin and protects it from sunlight and harmful rays |
| Define Melanocyte ? | THe cells that produce melanin |
| Define sebaceous gland ? | sac like structure oily secretions |
| Define sebum ? | |
| Define stratum Basale | |
| Define subcutaneous layer /hypodermis/superficial fasica | connects the skin to the deep fasica covering the underlying muscles |
| Define sudoriferous gland ? | are sweat gland of tublike structure located in the dermis and subcutaneous tissue |
Created by:
tsatterfield718
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