Help
Options
Didn't know it?
click below
click below
Knew it?
click below
click below
Don't Know
Remaining cards (0)
Know
retry
shuffle
restart
0:00
Embed Code - If you would like this activity on your web page, copy the script below and paste it into your web page.
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Chapter 14 Med terms
CNHP 2010 Chapter 14
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| -arche (suffix) | beginning |
| cervic/o | neck or cervix |
| colp/o | vagina (sheath) |
| episi/o | vulva (covering) |
| gynec/o | woman |
| hyster/o | uterus |
| lact/o | milk |
| mamm/o | breast |
| mast/o | breast |
| men/o | menstruation |
| metro/o | uterus |
| obstetro/o | midwife |
| oo- | egg |
| oophor/o | ovary |
| ov/i | egg |
| ov/o | egg |
| ovari/o | ovary |
| pelv/i | pelvis (basin) ; hip bone |
| salping/o | uterine (fallopian) tube; also |
| toc/o | labor or birth |
| uter/o | uterus |
| vagin/o | vagina (sheath) |
| vulv/o | vulva (covering) |
| uterus | womb; a pear-shaped organ in the pelvic cavity in which the embryo and fetus develops |
| fundus | upper portion of the uterus above the entry to the uterine tubes |
| endometrium | lining of the uterus |
| myometrium | muscular wall of the uterus |
| uterine tubes | tubes extending from each side of the uterus toward the ovary that provide a passage for ova to the uterus; also called Fallopian tubes |
| fallopian tubes | tubes extending from each side of the uterus toward the ovary that provide a passage for ova to the uterus; also called uterine tubes |
| adnexa | uterine tubes and ovaries (uterine appendages) |
| right uterine appendage | right uterine tube and ovary |
| left uterine appendage | left uterine tube and ovary |
| ovary | one of two glands located on each side of the pelvic cavity that produce oocytes and female sex hormones |
| oocyte | female gamete (sex cells); when fertilized by a sperm |
| ovum | imprecise term for a fertilized oocyte that is capable of implanting within the uterine wall |
| cervix | neck of the uterus |
| cervical os | opening of the cervix to the uterus |
| vagina | tubular passageway from the cervix to the outside of the body |
| vulva | external genitalia of the female; term means "wrapper" |
| labia | folds of tissue on either side of the vaginal opening; known as the labia majora and labia minora |
| mons pubis | rounded mound of fatty tissue that covers the pubic bone |
| clitoris | female erectile tissue in the anterior portion of the vulva |
| hymen | fold of mucous membrane that encircles the entrance to the vagina |
| vaginal orifice | opening of the vagina; also called introitus |
| introitus | opening of the vagina; also called vaginal orifice |
| greater vestibular glands | two glands located on either side of the vaginal opening that secrete a lubricant during intercourse; also called Bartholin glands |
| Bartholin glands | two glands located on either side of the vaginal opening that secrete a lubricant during intercourse; also called greater vestibular glands |
| perineum | region between the vulva and anus |
| breasts | protruding organs that contained the modified sweat glands called mammary glands that produce milk. |
| mammary glands | two glands in the female breasts ( one in each breast) that are capable of producing milk |
| nipple | projection (mammary papilla) on the breast surface through which milk can be secreted; lactiferous ducts carry breast milk to the nipple and lactiferous sinuses are expanded chambers that converge on the nipple surface |
| areola | dark-pigmented area around the nipple |
| embryo | the developing organism from fertilization to the end of the eight week |
| fetus | the developing organism from the ninth week to birth |
| placenta | vascular organ that develops in the uterine wall during pregnancy to provide nourishment for the fetus (placenta=cake) |
| amnion | innermost of the membranes surrounding the embryo in the uterus |
| amniotic sac | innermost of the membranes surrounding the embryo in the uterus |
| amniotic fluid | fluid within the amniotic sac that surrounds and protects the fetus |
| meconium | intestinal discharges of the fetus that form the first stools in the newborn |
| amenorrhea | absence of menstruation |
| dysmenorrhea | painful menstruation |
| oligomenorrhea | infrequent menstruation |
| anovulation | absence of ovulation |
| dyspareunia | painful intercourse (coitus) (dys = painful; para = alongside of; eunia = bed) |
| leukorrhea | abnormal white or yellow vaginal discharge |
| menorrhagia | excessive bleeding at the time of menstruation |
| metrorrhagia | bleeding from the uterus at any time other than normal menstruation |
| oligo-ovulation | irregular ovulation |
| cervicitis | inflammation of the cervix |
| congenital anomalies | birth defects that cause abnormal development of an organ or a structure (e.g. |
| congenital irregularities | birth defects that cause abnormal development of an organ or a structure (e.g. |
| dermoid cyst | congenital tumor composed of displaced embryonic tissue (teeth |
| displacement of uterus | displacement of the uterus from its normal position |
| anteflexion | abnormal forward bending of the uterus (ante = before; flexus = bend) |
| retroflexion | abnormal backward bending of the uterus |
| retroversion | backward turn of the whole uterus; also called tipped uterus |
| endometriosis | condition characterized by migration of portions of endometrial tissue outside the uterine cavity |
| endometritis | inflammation of the endometrium |
| fibroid | benign tumor in the uterus composed of smooth muscle and fibrous connective tissue; also called fibromyoma or leiomyoma |
| fibromyoma | benign tumor in the uterus composed of smooth muscle and fibrous connective tissue |
| leiomyoma | benign tumor in the uterus composed of smooth muscle and fibrous connective tissue |
| fistula | abnormal passage |
| rectovaginal fistula | abnormal opening between the vagina and rectum |
| vesicovaginal fistula | abnormal opening between the bladder and the vagina |
| cervical neoplasia | abnormal development of cervical tissue cells |
| cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) | potentially cancerous abnormality of epithelial tissue of the cervix |
| CIN-1: | mild dysplasia |
| CIN-2: | moderate dysplasia |
| CIN-3: | severe dysplasia |
| cervical dysplasia | potentially cancerous abnormality of epithelial tissue of the cervix |
| CIN-1: mild dysplasia | |
| CIN-2: moderate dysplasia | |
| CIN-3: severe dysplasia | |
| carcinoma in situ (CIS) of the cervix | malignant cell changes of the cervix that are localized |
| menopause | Cessation of menstrual periods caused by lack of ovarian hormones |
| oophoritis | inflammation of one or both ovaries |
| parovarian cyst | cyst of the uterine tube (fallopian tube) |
| pelvic adhesions | scarring of tissue within the pelvic cavity resulting from endometriosis |
| pelvic inflammatory disease (PID) | inflammation of organs in the pelvic cavity; usually includes the fallopian tubes |
| pelvic floor relaxation | relaxation of supportive ligaments of the pelvic organs |
| cystocle | pouching of the bladder into the vagina |
| rectocele | pouching of the rectum into the vagina |
| enterocele | pouching sac of peritoneum between the vagina and the rectum |
| urethrocele | pouching of the urethra into the vagina |
| prolaspe | descent of the uterus down the vaginal canal |
| salpingitis | inflammation of a fallopian tube |
| vaginitis | inflammation of the vagina with redness |
| atrophic vaginitis | thinning of the vagina and loss of moisture because of depletion of estrogen |
| vaginosis | infection of the vagina |
| chlamydia | most common sexually transmitted bacterial infection in North America; often occurs with no symptoms and is treated only after it has spread |
| gonorrhea | contagious inflammation of the genital mucous membranes caused by invasion of the gonococcus Neisseria gonorrhoeae; the term refers to the urethral discharge characteristic of the infection |
| syphilis | infectious disease caused by a spirochete transmitted via direct |
| hepatitis B virus (HBV) | virus that causes inflammation of the liver; transmitted through any body fluid |
| herpes simplex virus type 2 (HSV-2) | virus that causes ulcer-like lesions of the genital and anorectal skin and mucosa; after initial infection |
| human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) | the virus that causes acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) |
| human papillomavirus (HPV) | virus transmitted by direct sexual contact; infection can manifest of the skin or mucous membranes of the genitals |
| condyloma acuminatum (pl. condylomata acuminata) | lesion that appears as a result of human papilloma virus; on the skin |
| adenocarcinoma of the breast | malignant tumor of glandular breast tissue |
| amastia | absence of a breast |
| fibrocystic breasts | benign condition of the breast consisting of fibrous and cystic changes that render the tissue more dense; patient feels painful lumps that fluctuate with menstrual periods |
| gynecomastia | development of mammary glands in the male caused by altered hormone levels |
| hypermastia | abnormally large breasts; also called macromastia |
| macromastia | abnormally large breasts; also called hypermastia |
| hypomastia | unusually small breasts; also called micromastia |
| micromastia | unusually small breasts; also called hypomastia |
| mastitis | inflammation of the breast; most commonly occurs in women who are breastfeeding |
| polymastia | presence of more than two breasts |
| polythelia | presence of more than one nipple on a breast |
| supernumerary nipples | presence of more than one nipple on a breast; also called polythelia |
| biopsy (Bx) | removal of tissue for microscopic pathologic examination |
| aspiration biopsy | needle draw of tissue or fluid from a cavity for cytologic examination; also called needle biopsy |
| needle biopsy | needle draw of tissue or fluid from a cavity for cytologic examination; also called aspiration biopsy |
| endoscopic biopsy | removal of a specimen for biopsy during an endoscopic procedure (e.g. colposcopy) |
| excisional biopsy | removal of an entire lesion for microscopic examination |
| incisional biopsy | removal of a suspicious tissue for microscopic examination (e.g. |
| stereotactic breast biopsy | use of x-ray imaging |
| sentinel node breast biopsy | biopsy of the sentinel node (the first lymph node to receive lymphatic drainage from a tumor) in a breast with early cancer to determine metastases and |
| colposcopy | examination of the vagina and cervix using a colposcope |
| hysteroscopy | use of a hysteroscope to examine the intrauterine cavity for assessment of abnormalities |
| magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) | use of nonionizing images to detect gynecologic conditions (pelvis or soft breast tissue anomalies) cancer |
| Papanicolaou "Pap" Smear | study of cells collected from the cervix to screen for cancer and other abnormalities |
| hysterosalpingogram | x-ray of the uterus and fallopian tubes using a contrast medium to determine the patency (openness) |
| radiography | x-ray imaging |
| mammogram | x-ray (low-dose) of the breast tissue to detect neoplasm |
| pelvic sonography | ultrasound imaging of the female pelvis |
| endovaginal sonogram | Ultrasound image of the uterus |
| transvaginal sonogram | ultrasound image of the uterus |
| sonohysterogram | transvaginal sonographic image made as sterile saline is injected into the uterus; used to assess uterine pathology or to determine tubal patency ; also hysterosonogram and saline infusion sonogram |
| hysterosonogram | transvaginal sonographic image made as sterile saline is injected into the uterus; used to assess uterine pathology or to determine tubal patency; also sonohysterogram and saline infusion sonogram |
| saline infusion sonogram | transvaginal sonographic image made as sterile saline is injected into the uterus; used to assess uteamrine pathology or to determine tubal patency ; also sonohysterogram and hysterosonogram |
| transabdominal sonogram | ultrasound image of the lower abdomen |
| adhesiolysis | breaking down or severing of pelvic adhesions ; also adhesiotomy |
| adhesiotomy | breaking down or severing of pelvic adhesions ; also adhesiolysis |
| cervical conization | removal of a cone-shaped portion of the cervix |
| colporrhaphy | suture to repair the vagina |
| colporrhaphy anterior repair | repair of a cystocele |
| colporrhaphy posterior repair | repair of a rectocele |
| colporrhaphy A&P repair | anterior and posterior repair of systole and rectocele |
| cryosurgery | destruction of tissue by using extreme cold ; treating dysplasia and early cancers |
| dilation and curettage (D&C) | dilation of the cervix and scraping of the endometrium to control bleeding |
| hysterectomy | removal of the uterus |
| abdominal hysterectomy | removal of the uterus through an incision in the abdomen |
| vaginal hysterectomy | removal of the uterus through the vagina |
| total hysterectomy | removal of the uterus and the cervix |
| laparoscopy | inspection of abdomen or pelvic cavity with a laparascope (endoscope used to exam abdominal/pelvic regions) |
| laparoscopic surgery | surgical procedure within the abdominal or pelvic region using a laparascope |
| laser surgery | destroy skin lesions |
| loop electrosurgical excision procedure (LEEP) | a diagnostic & therapeutic gynecologic surgical technique for removing dysplastic cells from the cervix w/ a small wire loop heated by electric current to remove cells & tissue in a woman's lower genital tract |
| large-loop excision of the transformation zone (LLETZ) | use a diagnostic and therapeutic gynecologic surgical technique for removing dysplastic cells from the cervix with a small wire loop heated by electric current to remove cells and tissue in a woman's lower genital tract. |
| myomectomy | excision of fibroid tumors |
| oophorectomy | excision of an ovary |
| ovarian cystectomy | excision of an ovarian cyst |
| salpingectomy | excision of a uterine tube |
| bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy | excision of both uterine tubes and ovaries |
| salpingotomy | incision into a fallopian tube; often performed to remove an ectopic pregnancy |
| salpingostomy | creation of an opening in the fallopian tube to open a blockage |
| tubal ligation | sterilization procedure in which the fallopian tubes are tied (litigated) or cut |
| lumpectomy | excision of a breast tumor without removing any other tissue or lymph nodes; usually followed by radiation or chemotherapy if the tumor is cancerous |
| mastectomy | removal of a breast |
| simple mastectomy | removal of an entire breast but with the underlying muscle and axillary lymph nodes left intact |
| radical mastectomy | removal of an entire breast along with the underlying chest muscles and axillary lymph nodes |
| modified radical mastectomy | removal of an entire breast and lymph nodes of the axilla |
| mammoplasty | surgical reconstruction of a breast |
| augmentation mammoplasty | reconstruction to enlarge the breast |
| reduction mammoplasty | reconstruction to remove excessive breast tissue |
| mastopexy | elevation of pendulous breast tissue |
| chemotherapy | treatment of malignancies |
| radiation therapy | treatment of neoplastic disease using radiation to deter the proliferation (rapid increase) of malignant cells |
| hormone replacement therapy (HRT) | use of a hormone ( e.g. estrogen or progesterone) to replace a deficiency or to reguate production |
| hormonal contraceptives | hormones used to prevent conception by suppressing ovulation |
| oral contraceptive pill (OCP) | birth control pill |
| contraceptive injection | injection of a hormone such as Depo-Provera into the body |
| contraceptive implant | insertion of a contraceptive capsule under the skin to provide a continual infusion over an extended period (e.g. Nexplanon ) |
| barrier contraceptives | products that provide a physical barrier to prevent conception (e.g. condoms or diaphragms) |
| intrauterine device (IUD) | contraceptive device inserted into the uterus that prevents implantation of a fertilized egg |
| spermicidals | creams |
| gravida | a pregnant woman; gravida followed by a number indicates the number of pregnancies |
| nulligravida | having never been pregnant |
| primigravida | first pregnancy |
| para | to bear ; a woman who has produced one or more viable (live outside uterus) offspring ; para followed by a number = number times been pregnant result in single/multiple birth |
| nullipara | a woman who has never borne a viable child ( nulli= none ; para= to bear) |
| primipara | first delivery (primi = first; para = to bear) |
| multipara | a woman who has given birth to two or more children (multi = many; para = to bear) |
| cervical effacement | progressive obliteration of the endocervical canal during delivery |
| estimated date of confinement (EDC) | expected date for delivery of the baby; normally 280 days or 40 weeks from last menstrual period (LMP) ; also called estimated date of delivery (EDD) |
| estimated date of delivery (EDD) | expected date for delivery of the baby; normally 280 days or 40 weeks from last menstrual period (LMP) ; also called estimated date of confinement (EDC) |
| meconium staining | presence of meconium in amniotic fluid |
| ruptured membranes | rupture of the amniotic sac |
| macrosomia | large-bodied baby commonly seen in diabetic pregnancies |
| polyhydramnios | excessive amniotic fluid |
| abortion (AB) | expulsion of the products of conception before the fetus is viable (able to live without the uterus) |
| spontaneous abortion (SAB) | miscarriage; naturally occurring expulsion of the products of conception |
| habitual abortion | spontaneous abortion occurring in three or more consecutive pregnancies |
| incomplete abortion | incomplete expulsion of the products of conception |
| missed abortion | death of a fetus or embryo within the uterus that is not naturally expelled after death |
| threatened abortion | bleeding with the threat of miscarriage |
| cephalopelvic disproportion (CPD) | condition preventing normal delivery through the birth canal; either the baby's head is too large or the birth canal is too small |
| eclampsia | true toxemia of pregnancy characterized by high blood pressure |
| preeclampsia | toxemia of pregnancy characterized by high blood pressure |
| pregnancy-induced hypertension (PIH) | toxemia of pregnancy characterized by high blood pressure |
| ectopic pregnancy | implantation of the fertilized egg outside the uterine cavity |
| erythroblastosis fetalis | a disorder that results from the incompatibility of a fetus with Rh-positive blood and a mother with Rh-negative blood |
| Rh factor | presence or lack of antigens on the surface of red blood cells that may cause a reaction between the blood of the mother and fetus |
| Rh positive | presence of antigens |
| Rh negative | absence of antigens |
| hyperemesis gravidarum | severe nausea and vomiting in pregnancy that can cause severe dehydration in the mother and fetus |
| meconium aspiration | fetal aspiration of amniotic fluid containing meconium |
| placenta previa | displaced attachment of the placenta in the lower region of the uterine cavity |
| abruptio placentae | premature detachment of a normally situated placenta |
| chorionic villus sampling (CVS) | sampling of placental tissue for microscopic and chemical examination to detect fetal abnormalities |
| amniocentesis | aspiration of a small amount of amniotic fluid for analysis of possible fetal abnormalities |
| fetal monitoring | use of an electronic device for simulations recording of fetal heart rate and uterine contractions |
| pelvimetry | obstetric measurement of the pelvis to evaluate proper conditions for vaginal delivery |
| pregnancy test | test performed on urine or blood to detect the presence of human chorionic gonadotropin hormone (secreted by the placenta) |
| pelvic sonography | ultrasound imaging of the female pelvis |
| endovaginal sonogram | ultrasound image of the uterus |
| transvaginal sonogram | ultrasound image of the uterus |
| obstetric sonogram | ultrasound image of the pregnant uterus to determine fetal development |
| cesarean section (C-section) | surgical incision of the abdominal wall and uterus to deliver a fetus |
| dilation and evacuation (D&E) | dilation of the cervix and removal of the products of conception; most commonly performed in the second trimester of pregnancy |
| episiotomy | surgical incision of the perineum to enlarge the vagina and so facilitate delivery during childbirth |
| aminoinfusion | introduction of a solution into the amniotic sac; an isotonic solution is most commonly used to relieve fetal distress |
| therapeutic abortion (TAB) | abortion induced by mechanical means or by drugs for medical reasons |
| version | manual method for reversing the position of the fetus |
| external version | abdominal manipulation |
| internal version | intravaginal manipulation |
| abortifacient | drug that causes abortion |
| oxytocin | A hormone released by the posterior pituitary that stimulates uterine contractions during childbirth and milk ejection during breastfeeding. |
| Rh immune globulin | immunizing agent given to an Rh-negative mother within 72 hours after delivering an Rh-positive baby to suppress the Rh immune response |
| tocolytic agent | drug used to stop labor contractions |
| AB | abortion |
| AIDS | acquired immunodeficiency syndrome |
| A&P | anterior and posterior |
| Bx | biopsy |
| CIN | cervical intraepithelial neoplasia |
| CIS | carcinoma in situ |
| CPD | cephalopelvic disproportion |
| C-section | cesarean section |
| CVS | chorionic villus sampling |
| D&C | dilation and curettage |
| D&E | dilation and evacuation |
| EDC | estimated date of confinement |
| EDD | expected date of delivery |
| GYN | gynecology |
| HBV | hepatitis B virus |
| HIV | human immunodeficiency virus |
| HPV | human papillomavirus |
| HRT | hormone replacement therapy |
| HSV-2 | herpes simplex virus type 2 |
| IUD | intrauterine device |
| LEEP | loop electrosurgical excision procedure |
| LLETZ | large-loop excision of the transformation zone |
| LMP | last menstrual period |
| MRI | magnetic resonance imaging |
| OB | obstetrics |
| OCP | oral contraceptive pill |
| Pap | Papanicolaou smear |
| PID | pelvic inflammatory disease |
| PIH | pregnancy induced hypertension |
| SAB | spontaneous abortion |
| STD | sexually transmitted disease |
| TAB | therapeutic abortion |
| STI | sexually transmitted infection |
Created by:
Mosun14
Popular Medical sets