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Chapter 13 Med terms
CNHP 2010 Chapter 13
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Balan/o | glans penis |
| Epididym/o | epididymis |
| Orch/o | testis or testicle |
| Orchi/o | testis or testicle |
| Orchid/o | testis or testicle |
| Perine/o | perineum |
| Prostat/o | prostate |
| Sperm/o | sperm (seed) |
| Spermat/o | sperm (seed) |
| Test/o | testies or testicle |
| Vas/o | vessel |
| Scrotum | skin-covered pouch in the groin divided into two sacs |
| Testis | one of the two male reproductive glands |
| Testicle | one of the two male reproductive glands |
| Sperm | male gamete or sex cell produced in the testes that unites with the oocyte in the female to produce offspring; also called spermatozoon |
| Spermatozoon | male gamete or sex cell produced in the testes that unites with the oocyte in the female to produce offspring; composed of a head |
| Epididymis | coiled duct on the top and at the side of the testis that stores sperm before emission |
| Penis | erectile tissue (corpus spongiosum and corpora |
| Glans penis | bulging structure at the distal end of the penis (glans = acorn) |
| Prepuce | loosing casing that covers the glans penis; removed by circumcision; foreskin |
| Foreskin | loosing casing that covers the glans penis; removed by circumcision; prepuce |
| Vas deferens | duct that carries sperm from the epididymis to the ejaculatory duct (vas = vessel; deferens = carrying away); also called ductus deferens |
| Ductus deferens | duct that carries sperm from the epididymis to the ejaculatory duct (vas = vessel; deferens = carrying away); also called Vas deferens |
| Seminal vesicle | one of two sac-like structures behind the bladder and connected to the vas deferens on each side; secretes an alkaline substance into the semen to enable the sperm to live longer |
| Semen | a mixture of the secretions of the testes |
| Ejaculatory duct | duct formed by the union of the (vas) deferens with the duct of the seminal vesicle; its fluid is carried into the urethra |
| Prostate gland | trilobular gland that encircles the urethra just below the bladder and secretes an alkaline fluid into the semen (pro= before; stat= to stand); also called prostate |
| Prostate | trilobular gland that encircles the urethra just below the bladder and secretes an alkaline fluid into the semen (pro= before; stat= to stand); also called prostate gland |
| Bulbourethral glands | pair of glands below the prostate |
| Cowper's gland | pair of glands below the prostate |
| Perineum | external region between the scrotum and anus in a male and between the vulva (eternal genitals) and anus in a female |
| aspermia | inability to secrete or ejaculate sperm |
| azoospermia | semen without living spermatozoa; a sign of infertility in a male |
| oligospermia | decreased production and expulsion of sperm |
| mucopurulent discharge | drainage of mucus and pus |
| anorchism | absence of one or both testes |
| balanitis | inflammation of the glans penis |
| cryptorchism | undescended testicles; failure of the testicles to descend into the scrotal sac during fetal development; the testis most often remains lodged in the abdomen or inguinal canal |
| cryptorchidism | undescended testicles; failure of the testicles to descend into the scrotal sac during fetal development; the testis most often remains lodged in the abdomen or inguinal canal |
| epididymitis | inflammation of the epididymis |
| erectile dysfunction (ED) | failure to initiate or maintain an erection until ejaculation because of physical or psychological dysfunction; formerly termed impotence ( im = not; potis = able) |
| hydrocele | hernia of fluid in the testis or in the tubes leading from the testis |
| hypospadias | congenital abnormal opening of the male urethra on the undersurface of the penis (spadias= to draw away) |
| Peyronie's disease | a disorder characterized by a buildup of hardened fibrous tissue in the corpus cavernosum |
| phimosis | a narrowed condition of the prepuce (foreskin) resulting in its inability to be drawn over the glans penis |
| benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) | enlargement of the prostate gland |
| benign prostatic hypertrophy (BPH) | enlargement of the prostate gland |
| prostate cancer | malignancy of the prostate gland |
| prostatitis | inflammation of the prostate |
| spermatocele | painless |
| testicular cancer | malignant tumor in one or both testicles commonly developing from the germ cells that produce sperm; classified in two groups according to growth potential |
| seminoma | most common type of testicular tumor |
| nonseminoma | testicular tumor arising from more mature germ cells; these tumors have a tendency to be more aggressive than seminomas and often develop earlier in life; includes choriocarcinoma |
| varicocele | enlarged |
| Chlymydia | most common sexually transmitted bacterial infection in North America; often occurs with no symptoms and is treated only after it has spread |
| Gonorrhea | contagious |
| Syphilis | sexually transmitted infection caused by a spirochete and which may involve any organ or tissue over time; usually manifests first on the skin |
| Hepatitis B Virus (HBV) | virus that causes inflammation of the liver; transmitted through any body fluid |
| herpes simplex virus type 2 (HSV- 2) | virus that causes ulcer-like lesions of the genital and anorectal skin and mucosa; after initial infection |
| human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) | the virus that causes acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) |
| Human Papillomavirus (HPV) | virus transmitted by direct sexual contract that causes an infection that can occur on the skin or mucous membranes of the genitals |
| condyloma acuminatum (pl. condylomata acuminata) | lesion that appears as a result of human papillomavirus; on the skin |
| BPH | benign prostatic hyperplasia; benign prostatic hypertrophy |
| Bx | biopsy |
| DRE | digital rectal examination |
| ED | erectile dysfunction |
| HBV | hepatitis B virus |
| HIV | human immunodeficiency virus |
| HPV | human papillomavirus |
| HRT | hormone replacement therapy |
| HSV-2 | herpes simplex virus type 2 |
| PSA | prostate-specific antigen |
| STD | sexually transmitted disease |
| TURP | transurethral resection of the prostate |
| biopsy | tissue sampling used to identify neoplasia |
| biopsy of the prostate | needle biopsy of the prostate gland; often performed using ultrasound guidance |
| testicular biopsy | biopsy of a testicle |
| digital rectal examination (DRE) | insertion of a finger into the male rectum to palpate the rectum and prostate |
| prostrate | specific antigen (PSA) test |
| prostrate | blood test used to screen for prostate cancer; an elevated level of the antigen indicates the possible presence of tumor |
| urethrogram | x-ray of the urethra and prostate |
| semen analysis | study of semen |
| endorectal sonogram of the prostate | scan of the prostate made after introducing an ultrasonic tranducer into the rectum; also used to guide needle biopsy; also called transrectal sonogram of the prostate |
| transrectal sonogram of the prostate | scan of the prostate made after introducing an ultrasonic transducer into the rectum; also used to guide needle biopsy; also called endorectal sonogram of the prostate |
| circumcision | removal of the foreskin (prepuce) |
| epididymectomy | removal of an epididymis |
| orchiectomy | removal of a testicle |
| orchidectomy | removal of a testicle |
| orchioplasty | repair of a testicle |
| orchiopexy | fixation of an undescended testis in the scrotum |
| prostatectomy | removal of the prostate gland |
| transurethral resection of the prostate (TURP) | removal of prostatic gland tissue through the urethra using resectscope |
| vasectomy | removal of a segment of the vas (ductus) deferens to produce sterility in the male |
| vasovasostomy | restoration of the function of the vas deferens to regain fertility after a vasectomy |
| chemotherapy | treatment of malignancies |
| radiation therapy | treatment of neoplastic disease using radiation |
| brachytherapy | radiation therapy technique involving internal implantation of radioactive isotopes |
| brachy- | meaning short distance |
| hormone replacement therapy (HRT) | use of hormone to remedy a deficiency or regulate production (e.g. |
| penile prosthesis | implantation of a device designed to provide an erection of the penis; used to treat physical impotence |
| penile self-injection | intracavernosal (into the columns of penile erectile tissue) injection therapy causing an erection; used in treatment of erectile dysfunction |
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