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Chapter 3
Studying
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Ten/o | tendon (to stretch) |
| spondyl/o | Vertebra |
| lord/o | Bent |
| dactyl/o | Digit (fingers&toes) |
| cost/o | Rib |
| ankyl/o | Crooked or stiff |
| Bone | specialized connective tissue composed of osteocytes (bone cells); forms the skeleton |
| Long bone | elongated bones of the arms and legs |
| Epiphysis | wide ends of a long bone (physis = growth) |
| Bone marrow | soft connective tissue within the medullary cavity of bones |
| Articulation | the point where two bones come together; also called join |
| Intervertebral disc | flat, plate like structure composed of an outer fibrous part (annulus fibrosus) that surrounds a central gelatinous mass (nucleus pulpous) between the vertebrae that reduces friction |
| Ligament | flexible band of fibrous tissue that connects bone to bone |
| Muscle | tissue composed of fibers that can contract, causing movement of an organ or part of the body |
| Cardiac muscle | Muscle of the heart |
| Body planes | reference planes for indicating the location or direction of body parts |
| Anterior | front of the body. also known as ventral |
| Inferior | situated below or directed downward (away from the head) |
| Atrophy | shrinking of muscle size |
| Bunion | abnormal enlargement of the joint at the base of the big toe caused by inflammation of the bursa |
| Fracture (FX) | broken or cracked bone |
| Fracture line | the line of the break in a broken bone (eg., oblique, spiral, or transverse) |
| Myoma | muscle tumor |
| muscular dystrophy | a category of genetically transmitted diseases characterized by progressive atrophy of skeletal muscles; Duchenne type is most common |
| Rickets | osteomalacia in children; causes bone deformity |
| kyphosis | anteriorly concave curvature of the thoracic spine (humped-back condition) |
| Sprain | injury of a ligament caused by joint trauma but without joint dislocation or fracture |
| electromyogram (EMG) | neurodiagnostic, graphic record of the electrical activity of muscle both at rest and during contraction; used to diagnose neuromusculoskeletal disorders (e.g., muscular dystrophy); usually performed by a neurologist |
| Bone scan | a nuclear scan (radionuclide image) of bone tissue to detect a tumor or malignancy |
| sonography | ultrasound imaging; a nonionizing technique that is useful in orthopedics to visualize muscles, ligaments, displacements, and dislocations or to guide a therapeutic intervention, such as that performed during arthroscopy |
Created by:
smillington3
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