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SS- Final Exam Cards

Final Exam Review Guide Cards - 2020- 2021- Spring Semester

QuestionWhat you need to know
What Kind of civilizations are the Huang He (Yellow), Nile, Mesopotamia, and Indus? Ancient River Valley Civilizations.
Define Golden Age. A stage where a civilization has great advances in science and technology.
Define Cultural Diffusion. The spread of one culture's practices, beliefs, and/or items, like food, music, or tools.
Define City-state. Land surrounded by countryside that forms its own independent state.
Define Empire. A group of states or countries under a supreme rule of authority (Ex. Alexander the Great's conquered land was an empire).
Define a Civilization. A civilization is a complex society that is characterized by urban development, social stratification, a form of government, and symbolic systems of communication, usually formed around big rivers in ancient times.
Define Pax Romana. The peace which existed between nationalities within the Roman Empire, for 200 years.
Define Pax Sinica. Periods of peace in East Asia, Northeast Asia, Southeast Asia, and Central Asia led by China.
Define Monotheism. The belief in one god.
Define Polytheism. The belief in many gods.
Shiva, Moksha, sacred cows, and reincarnation, are a part of which religion? Hinduism.
Nirvana, the Four Noble Truths, the Eightfold Path, are a part of which religion? Buddhism.
What are the similarities between Hinduism and Buddhism? both religions have dharma and believe in reincarnation and also believe in karma.
Which religions follows philosophies from the Koran/Quran, the Five Pillars of Faith, and was founded in Southwest Asia? Islamic.
Which of the major religions are monotheistic and where are there origins? Judaism, founded in Israel. Christianity, founded in Jerusalem. Islam, founded in Mecca.
Why is Egypt called "The Gift of the Nile" ? The Nile provides life to Egypt.
What form of government developed in Ancient Rome? A republic.
In the Roman Republic, patricians refer to which group of people? Patricians had power and money.
In the Roman Republic, plebeians refer to which group of people? Plebeians were poor and had no authority.
What was the written form of laws developed in Ancient Rome? The 12 tables.
What led to the decline of the Western Roman Empire? Invasions by Barbarian tribes.
What was one of reasons that many small independent city-states formed in Ancient Greece? The landscape features rocky, mountainous land and many islands, these physical barriers caused population centers to be relatively isolated from each other.
In Greece all citizens had the right to go to the assembly, where they openly discussed, voted, and debated laws. This is an example of what type of government? Direct Democracy.
Define Hellenistic Era? A time when the passing of Greek like ideas, language and culture are passed to the non Greek areas.
Which leader is most closely associated to the accomplishment of the Hellenistic Era? Alexander the Great.
Identify the physical features that helped isolate China. The Gobi Desert, the Himalayan Mountains, the Talkinman Desert, and the Pacific Ocean.
How did farmers in Ancient China increase the amount of productive farmland? Terrace Farming. Cutting terraces into mountain slopes.
Identify the three Chinese Philosophies. Confucianism, Daoism, and Legalism.
Describe Confucianism. A system of philosophical and ethical teachings founded by Confucius and developed by Mencius.
Describe Daoism. a Chinese philosophy based on the writings of Lao-tzu, advocating humility and religious piety.
Describe Legalism. A philosophical belief that human beings are more inclined to do wrong than right because they are motivated entirely by self-interest and require strict laws to control their impulses.
Which Chinese Philosophy had the greatest impact on Ancient China? Confucianism.
Which Chinese Dynasty was ruled by Shi Huangdi and used the philosophy of Legalism? The Qin Dynasty.
Why was the Great Wall of China built? The wall was built to help keep out northern invaders like the Mongols.
Which Chinese Dynasty expanded trade and achieved many accomplishments? Zhou Dynasty.
What kind of products traveled along the Silk Road, out of China? Silk, teas, salt, sugar, Jade, porcelain, and spices.
Which religion spread along the Silk Road into China and East Asia? Christianity, Islam, and Buddhism.
Identify the accomplishments of the Mauryan Empire and the Gupta Empire. The empires grew wealthy through trade and had a golden age, which led to new inventions in medicine, science, technology, math, literature, etc.
How did the monsoons affect the climate of India? The summer monsoon is associated with heavy rainfall and storms, the winter monsoons bring cool air and drought.
Identify the difference between to pastoralists and agarians? Pastoralist herded animals and moved from place to place, agarians settled in permanent areas and were farmers.
Who were the Aryans and what effects did the bring to India? Aryans were the group who invaded and conquered ancient India from the north and whose literature, religion, and modes of social organization subsequently shaped the course of Indian culture
Define Caste System. The social structure in India, used in Hinduism.
Identify the physical features of the subcontinent in India? Indus River Valley, Saraswati River, and the Himalayan Mountains.
Created by: klj2026000019
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