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pathophysiology

musculoskeletal system

TermDefinition
condition: osteoarthritis causes: inflammatory processes, metabolic disorders symptoms: joint stiffness/pain, fluid surrounding joint, grating sound w joint movement treatment: NSAIDs intra-articular injections, arthroscopy joint replacement surgery
condition: rheumatoid arthritis causes: autoimmune symptoms: destruction of the joint causing scar tissue, visible joint deformity, loss of joint mobility treatment: NSAIDs, exercise, heat and cold therapies, cortisone inj, surgery to remove scar tissue
condition: bursitis causes: overuse, joint trauma, bacterial infection symptoms: joint pain and swelling treatment: rest, pain med, steroid inj, aspiration of joint fluid, antibiotics
condition: ewing's sarcoma family of tumors causes: unknown, age 10-20 yrs, male sex symptoms: fever, pain at tumor site, fractures, bruising treatment: surgery, chemotherapy, radiation, bone marrow transplant, stem cell transplant
condition: gout causes: deposits of uric acid crystals accumulate in joint spaces symptoms: joint pain, common in big toe/ knee joints, stiffness, swelling treatment: dietary changes, pain med, med to aid in elimination of uric acid in kidneys during urine formation
condition: kyphosis causes: growth retardation or improper development of growth plates, aging and degenerative disk disease symptoms: visible upper back curvature (humpback) treatment: exercise, back bracing, Harrington rod, spinal fusion in extreme cases
condition: lordosis causes: injury, poor posture, wearing high heels (inward of back when balancing on balls of feet) symptoms: inward curvature of the lower back (swayback) treatment: corrective shoes, exercise
condition: osteogenesis imperfecta (brittle bone disease) causes: hereditary symptoms: dental issues, fractures @ birth, loose joints, muscle weakness, breathing issues etc. treatment: fracture repair, surgery w metal rodding, physical therapy, bracing
condition: osteoporosis causes: hormone deficiencies, sedentary lifestyle, lack of vitamin d, smoking symptoms: fractures (common in spine, wrists, hips), loss of height, can result in kyphosis treatment: meds, hormone replacement, exercise, supplements
condition: osteosarcoma causes: unknown symptoms: pain in affected bones, swelling w development of tumor growth treatment: surgery, chemotherapy and radiation, amputation of affected limb
condition: Paget's disease causes: hereditary, viral symptoms: bone pain/ deformity, fractures, excessive bone destruction treatment: surgery, meds, physical therapy
condition: scoliosis causes: genetic? can begin prenatally during formation of vertebrae, muscle weakness symptoms: bent appearing spine (laterally), back pain treatment: back bracing, physical therapy, surgery w rod placement
condition: fibromyalgia causes: unknown, exacerbated by sleep deprivation, emotional distress, depression symptoms: fatigue, point tenderness and trigger points, chronic facial pain, sleep disturbances treatment: antidepressants, NSAIds, physical therapy, trigger point inj
condition: muscular dystrophy causes: hereditary symptoms: muscle weakness leading to eventual paralysis treatment: physical therapy, bracing, ambulatory devices, meds
condition: myasthenia gravis causes: autoimmune symptoms: double vision, muscle weakness, dysphagia, difficulty chewing, difficulty breathing treatment: avoiding excessive stress, rest, eye patch, meds
condition: tendonitis causes: sports or activity related symptoms: pain in joints, limited range of motion in joint treatment: rest, ice, NSAIDs
condition: tetanus causes: toxin produced by clostridium tetani symptoms: muscle spasm in jaw/neck, dyspnea, fever, irritability, sweating/drooling treatment: antitoxin and antibiotic meds
Created by: elshalance
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