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WH Study Guide
history final sem 2
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Stalins' 5-Year Plan | Was implemented by Joseph Stalin, concentrated on developing heavy industry and collectivizing agriculture, at the cost of a drastic fall in consumer goods |
| What was Hitler confident about the Treaty of Versailles? | Hitler was confident that the western states who had signed the Treaty of Versailles would not use force to maintain it |
| Treaty of Versailles | The Treaty of Versailles was the most important of the peace treaties that brought World War I to an end. The Treaty ended the state of war between Germany and the Allied Power. |
| Great Britain appeasement policy | Instituted in the hope of avoiding war, appeasement was the name given to Britain's policy in the 1930s of allowing Hitler to expand German territory unchecked. |
| What part of Czechoslovakia did Hitler want and get? | In September 1938 he turned his attention to the three million Germans living in part of Czechoslovakia called the Sudetenland. |
| Hitler's invasion of Poland | The Invasion of Poland, also known as September campaign, 1939 defensive war and Poland campaign, was an attack on the Second Polish Republic by Nazi Germany and the Soviet Union which marked the beginning of World War II. |
| Mukden Incident | The Mukden Incident, or Manchurian Incident, was a false flag event staged by Japanese military personnel as a pretext for the 1931 Japanese invasion of Manchuria. |
| In 1940, Japan was forced to decide what? | In 1940, japan was forced to decide which it needed more Indochina's raw materials or U.S. oil and scrap iron |
| December 7, 1941 | On December 7, 1941, Japanese planes attacked the United States Naval Base at Pearl Harbor, Hawaii Territory, killing more than 2,300 Americans. |
| Dunkirk | Dunkirk evacuation, (1940) in World War II, the evacuation of the British Expeditionary Force (BEF) and other Allied troops from the French seaport of Dunkirk (Dunkerque) to England.about 198,000 British and 140,000 French and Belgian troops were saved. |
| Blitzkrieg | Blitzkrieg is a term used to describe a method of offensive warfare designed to strike a swift, focused blow at an enemy using mobile, maneuverable forces, including armored tanks and air support. |
| Why did Hitler plan to conquer the Soviet Union? | Hitler had always wanted to see Germany expand eastwards to gain Lebensraum or 'living space' for its people. After the fall of France Hitler ordered plans to be drawn up for an invasion of the Soviet Union. |
| Battle of Stalingrad | The Battle of Stalingrad was a brutal military campaign between Russian forces and those of Nazi Germany and the Axis powers during World War II. |
| Battle of Midway Island | Battle of Midway, (June 3–6, 1942), World War II naval battle, fought almost entirely with aircraft, in which the United States destroyed Japan's first-line carrier strength and most of its best trained naval pilots. |
| Total War | Total war is warfare that includes any and all civilian-associated resources and infrastructure as legitimate military targets, mobilizes all of the resources of society to fight the war, and gives priority to warfare over non-combatant needs. |
| Yalta | The Yalta Conference, code-named Argonaut, held February 4–11, 1945, was the World War II meeting of the heads of government of the United States, the United Kingdom, and the Soviet Union to discuss the postwar reorganization of Germany and Europe. |
| Tehran Conference in 1943 | The Tehran Conference was a meeting between U.S. President Franklin Delano Roosevelt, British Prime Minister Winston Churchill, and Soviet Premier Joseph Stalin in Tehran, Iran, between November 28 and December 1, 1943. |
| Why did Truman want to avoid invasion of Japan? | First, Truman wanted to avoid a land invasion of Japan, which would have killed thousands of Americans. Second, he was determined to impose unconditional surrender on the Japanese because anything short of that would have made him appear weak. |
| Nazi's Final Solution | They used the term “Final Solution” to refer to their plan to annihilate the Jewish people. The genocide, or mass destruction, of the Jews was the culmination of a decade of increasingly severe discriminatory measures. |
| Extermination camps | Nazi Germany used six extermination camps , also called death camps (Todeslager), or killing centers (Tötungszentren), in Central Europe during the Holocaust in World War II to systematically murder over 2.7million people—mostly Jews-during the Holocaust. |
| Who were victims of Hitler? | Although Jews were the primary victims of the Nazi's evil, many other groups were targeted based on both racial and political grounds. |
| Marshall Plan | The Marshall Plan, also known as the European Recovery Program, was a U.S. program providing aid to Western Europe following the devastation of World War II. It was enacted in 1948 and provided more than $15 billion to help finance rebuilding efforts. |
| The U.S. and Great Britain believed that the liberated nations of Estern Europe should do what? | The United States and Great Britain believed that the liberated nations of Eastern Europe should freely determine their own governments. to prevent the spread of communism, provided close to $13 billion to rebuild wartorn Europe. |
| Warsaw Pact | The Warsaw Pact was a collective defense treaty established by the Soviet Union and seven other Soviet satellite states in Central and Eastern Europe: Albania, Bulgaria, Czechoslovakia, East Germany, Hungary, Poland and Romania (Albania withdrew in 1968). |
| Cold War | The Cold War was a period of ideological and geopolitical tension between the United States and the Soviet Union, the Western Bloc and the Eastern Bloc, after World War II. |
| What country became communists in 1949 which in turn made the U.S. fear the spread of communism? | On October 1, 1949, Chinese Communist leader Mao Zedong declared the creation of the People's Republic of China (PRC). |
| Truman Doctrine | Truman established that the United States would provide political, military and economic assistance to all democratic nations under threat from external or internal authoritarian forces. |
| Colonel Gamal Abdel Nasser | Gamal Abdel Nasser Hussein was an Egyptian politician who served as the second President of Egypt from 1954 until his death in 1970. Nasser led the 1952 overthrow of the monarchy and introduced far-reaching land reforms the following year. |
| Fascist Government | A fascist state is led by a strong leader such as a dictator and a martial law government composed of the members of the governing fascist party to forge national unity and maintain a stable and orderly society. |
| Nuremberg Laws | The Nuremberg Laws were antisemitic and racist laws that were enacted in Nazi Germany on 15 September 1935, at a special meeting of the Reichstag convened during the annual Nuremberg Rally of the Nazi Party. |
| Six-Day War | The Six-Day War, also known as the June War, 1967 Arab–Israeli War, or Third Arab–Israeli War, was fought between 5 and 10 June 1967 between Israel and Jordan, Syria, and Egypt. |
| Policy of containment | Containment was a United States policy using numerous strategies to prevent the spread of communism abroad. |
| America feared what when the Soviet Union launched Sputnik I in 1957 | Americans feared that the Soviets — whom they believed were behind the U.S. technologically after the devastation of World War II — could launch ballistic missiles armed with nuclear weapons at the United States. |
| Northern Ireland fighting in the 60's and 70's was against what two religious groups? | The conflict began during a campaign by the Northern Ireland Civil Rights Association to end discrimination against the Catholic/nationalist minority by the Protestant/unionist government of Northern Ireland and Royal Ulster Constabulary (RUC). |
| Red-Scare Movement | A Red Scare is the promotion of a widespread fear of a potential rise of communism or anarchism by a society or state. The First Red Scare, occurred immediately after World War I. |
| Why was the Berlin Wall built? | The Berlin Wall was built by the German Democratic Republic during the Cold War to prevent its population from escaping Soviet-controlled East Berlin to West Berlin, which was controlled by the major Western Allies. |
| Gorbachev soon realized that economic reform would not succeed without what? | Gorbachev soon realized that economic reform would not succeed without political reform. |
| How did President Carter protest the Soviet invasion of Afghanistan? | In a very strong reaction to the December 1979 Soviet military intervention into Afghanistan, President Jimmy Carter requests that the Senate postpone action on the SALT-II nuclear weapons treaty and recalls the U.S. ambassador to the Soviet Union. |
| By 1980 what was the Soviet Union ailing from? | Too many political reforms |
| European Union's first goals | The European Union is set up with the aim of ending the frequent and bloody wars between neighbors, which culminated in the Second World War. |
| Why did Margaret Thatcher resign? | She resigned as prime minister and party leader in 1990, after a challenge was launched to her leadership. After retiring from the Commons in 1992, she was given a life peerage as Baroness Thatcher) which entitled her to sit in the House of Lords. |
| North American Free Trade Agreement | The North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA), which was enacted in 1994 and created a free trade zone for Mexico, Canada, and the United States, is the most important feature in the U.S.-Mexico bilateral commercial relationship. |
| Why did the U.S. join allies in fighting WWI? | The U.S. entered World War I because Germany embarked on a deadly gamble. Germany sank many American merchant ships around the British Isles which prompted the American entry into the war. |
| Major causes of WWI | The real causes of World War I included politics, secret alliances, imperialism, and nationalistic pride. However, there was one single event, the assassination of Archduke Ferdinand of Austria, which started a chain of events leading to war. |
| Military plan by german general von Schlieffen | Schlieffen Plan, battle plan first proposed in 1905 by Alfred, Graf (count) von Schlieffen, chief of the German general staff, that was designed to allow Germany to wage a successful two-front war. |
| Western front characteristic | Around Ypres (pronounced 'Wipers' by British soldiers) the water table was too high to dig trenches. Instead, defenses were constructed using sandbags and wood and were heavily protected by barbed wire, the defining feature of the Western Front. |
| Central Powers | The Central Powers, consisting of Germany, Austria-Hungary, the Ottoman Empire and Bulgaria hence also known as the Quadruple Alliance was one of the two main factions during World War I (1914–18). |
| Militarism | Militarism is the belief or the desire of a government or a people that a state should maintain a strong military capability and to use it aggressively to expand national interests and/or values. |
| Third Reich | The Third Reich, meaning "Third Realm" or "Third Empire", alluded to the Nazis' conceit that Nazi Germany was the successor to the earlier Holy Roman Empire (800–1806) and German Empire (1871–1918). |
| Paris Peace Conference | The Paris Peace Conference was the formal meeting in 1919 and 1920 of the victorious Allies after the end of World War I to set the peace terms for the defeated Central Powers. |
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rachel73703
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