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Chapter 35

Struggle for Democracy

TermDefinition
Argentina Dictator Juan Peron was an Argentine Army general and politician. After serving in several government positions, including Minister of Labour and Vice President, he was elected President of Argentina.
Berlin Wall was a guarded concrete barrier that divided Berlin from 1961 to 1989. Construction of the wall was commenced by the German Democratic Republic on 13 August 1961. The Wall cut off West Berlin from surrounding East Germany, including East Berlin.
One Child Policy was part of a program designed to control the size of the rapidly growing population of the People's Republic of China.
Solidarity is a trade union founded in August 1980 at the Lenin Shipyard in Gdańsk, Poland. Subsequently, it was the first independent free trade union in a Warsaw Pact country to be recognised by the state.
Desmond Tutu is a South African Anglican cleric and theologian, known for his work as an anti-apartheid and human rights activist.
Tiananmen Square Protest known in China as the June Fourth Incident, were student-led demonstrations held in Tiananmen Square, Beijing during 1989.
Perestroika was a political movement for reformation within the Communist Party of the Soviet Union during the 1980s and is widely associated with Soviet leader Mikhail Gorbachev and his glasnost policy reform.
Slobodan Milosevic was a Yugoslav and Serbian politician who served as the President of Serbia from 1989 to 1992 and within the Federal Republic of Yugoslavia from 1992 to 1997, and President of the Federal Republic of Yugoslavia from 1997 to 2000.
Four Modernizations were goals first set forth by Deng Xiaoping to strengthen the fields of agriculture, industry, defense, and science and technology in China.
Ethnic Cleansing is the systematic forced removal or extermination of ethnic, racial and/or religious groups from a given area, often with the intent of making a region ethnically homogeneous.
ANC is the Republic of South Africa's governing political party. It has been the ruling party of post-apartheid South Africa since the election of Nelson Mandela in the 1994 election, winning every election since then.
Sharpeville Massacre occurred on 21 March 1960, at the police station in the South African township of Sharpeville in Transvaal. After a day of demonstrations against pass laws, a crowd of about 7,000 protesters went to the police station.
Democracy is a form of government in which the people have the authority to choose their governing legislators.
50 in 5 Brazilian policy aimed at trying to make 50 years of progress for the country in 5 years actual time.
Vladimir Putin is a Russian politician and former intelligence officer who is serving as the current president of Russia since 2012, previously being in the office from 1999 until 2008. He was also prime minister from 1999 to 2000 and again from 2008 to 2012.
Shock Therapy is an economic theory that says that sudden, dramatic changes in national economic policy can turn a state-controlled economy into a free-market. It is intended to boost economic production, increase the rate of employment, and improve living conditions.
F.W. de Klerk is a South African retired politician, who served as State President of South Africa from 1989 to 1994 and as Deputy President from 1994 to 1996.
Mikhail Gorbachev is a Russian and former Soviet politician. The eighth and last leader of the Soviet Union, he was the General Secretary of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union from 1985 until 1991.
Apartheid was a system of institutionalised racial segregation that existed in South Africa and South West Africa from 1948 until the early 1990s.
Gang of Four was a political faction composed of four Chinese Communist Party officials. They came to prominence during the Cultural Revolution (1966–76) and were later charged with a series of treasonous crimes.
Oscar Romero was a prelate of the Catholic Church in El Salvador. He served as auxiliary bishop of the archdiocese of San Salvador, as bishop of Santiago de María, and finally as the fourth archbishop of San Salvador.
Ping Pong Diplomacy refers to the exchange of table tennis players between the United States and People's Republic of China in the early 1970s that served as a diplomatic gateway for future relations.
Nelson Mandela was a South African anti-apartheid revolutionary, political leader and philanthropist who served as President of South Africa from 1994 to 1999.
Glasnost has several general and specific meanings. It has been used in Russian to mean "openness and transparency" since at least the end of the eighteenth century.
Created by: tderue
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