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MedicalTerminology
medical terms - word roots, prefixes, suffixes StudyCoding
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| dys- | bad,difficult |
| -algia | pain, suffering |
| hyper- | excessive/increase |
| hypo- | deficient/low |
| -itis | inflamation |
| -osis | abnormal |
| -ectomy | removal |
| -plasty | fix |
| -rrhage | bleeding/fluid |
| -rraphy | surgical suturing |
| -sclerosis | hardening/narrowing |
| -ostomy | artificial hole |
| -otomy | incision |
| pre- | before |
| peri- | surounding area |
| a- | without- not position |
| ana | backward, excessive |
| epi- | upon |
| endo- | within |
| aden | glands |
| -plasia | formation |
| -trophy | development- enlargement but not tumor |
| -oma | tumor malignant |
| -malacia | abnormal softening |
| -nosis | disease/condition |
| ankyl/o | crooked/bent |
| arthro- | joints |
| ossi,osse,oseo,osto | pertaining to bones |
| myel/o | pertaining to bone marrow/spine |
| chrondo- | pertaining to cartilage |
| ligament/o | ligaments |
| synovi,o | lining of the synovial joints,lubricant |
| bursae | tissue to cushion area from joint friction |
| -necrosis | fluid/blood doesn't reach tissue, tissue may die |
| ileum/ile | small intestines/lower GI |
| ilium/ili | hipbone/pevic/skeletal |
| infection | invasion pathogen |
| inflammation | swelling -itis |
| contusion | inflammation under skin/bruise |
| laceration | cut or tear of skin |
| lesion | pathological change of tissue/ eg blister |
| mucous | mucous membrane: sinus cavities |
| mucus | fluid from membrane |
| cellulitis | skin irritation/until 8 weeks else ulcer |
| palpation | examination |
| palpitation | racing heart |
| aden/o | gland |
| adip/o | fat |
| anter/o | front/before |
| caud/o | lower part of body/tail |
| cephal/o | head |
| cyt/o, cyte | cell |
| end, endo | within,inside |
| exo- | outside, away frome |
| hist/o | tissue |
| -ologist | specialist |
| -ology | science of |
| -path/o, pathy | disease, suffering |
| plas/i, plas/o, plasia | development, growth, formation |
| poster/o | behind or toward back |
| -stasis, -static | control, maintenance |
| anatomy | structure of the body |
| physiology | study of the functions of the body |
| Frontal plane | plane divides front and back of body, anterior/posterior |
| midsagittal plane | plane evely divides right and left of body, midline |
| Transverse plane | separated upper and lower, superior and inferior |
| Vertical plane | right angle to horizon: divides right and left of the standing body |
| sagittal plane | unequally division of right and left |
| Vental | belly side of the organ- frontside |
| Dorsal | back of the organ -backside |
| cephalic | towards the head |
| caudal | towards the lower part of body |
| proximal | toward the midline |
| distal | farthest from the midline |
| hypochondriac region | Right/left region ribs |
| epigastric region | upon gastric region between hypochondriac-middle |
| lumbar region | right/left lower back area |
| umbilical region | around the belly button |
| iliac region | right/left pelvic area |
| hypogastric region | lower gastic area |
| RUQ | right upper quadrant: includes: liver, right kidney, gallbladder, pancreas, and large and small intestine |
| LUQ | left upper quadrant:includes spleen, stomach, pancreas, left kidney, left adrenal, upper colon |
| RLQ | ileum, small-large bowel, appendix, cecum,ascending, right ureter(back) right ovary/fallopian tube |
| LLQ | ileum, , transverse colon, descending colon, sigmoid colon, rectum, left ureter, left ovary/fallopian tube |
| peritoneum | multilayered membrane protects organs within the abdominal cavity |
| Conective Tissue Adipose | Fat |
| Dense Connective Tissue | bone/cartilage/joints/skeletal |
| Loose connective tissue | surrounds organs/nerve cells/blood vessels |
| liquid connective tissue | blood, lymph, transports nutrients/waste |
| Nerves | tissue that sends stimuli: 12 from brain, 31 from spinal to body |
| muscle tissue | tissue that contracts and relaxes |
| aplasia | defective development or congenital absence |
| hypoplasia | incomplete development |
| anaplasia | change in structure, abnormal, |
| hypertrophy | increase of bulk of organ, additional cells |
| hyperplasia | enlargement of organ fast/excessive development |
| Etiology | study the causes of disease: |
| pathogen | disease-producing microorganism |
| communicable | transmitted by multiple methods:: symptom |
| indirect contact | from surface |
| bloodbourne | spread through contact with infected blood/body fluids |
| droplet transmission | respiratory droplets:: Covid19, UR infection, fever 3 codes |
| airborne | transmission of bateria in the air |
| food-borne | gastro - food intake transmission:: symptoms allergy, poison, gastritis, vomitting/diarrhea |
| vector borne transmission | insect/animal transmission |
| epidemilologist | studies outbreaks of disease |
| endemic | ongoing presence of disease |
| epidemic | sudden outbreak of disease |
| pandemic | outbreak of disease large geographic area |
| functional disorder | symptoms with not anatomical cause eg. panic attack, constipation, dizziness code functional |
| idiopathic | illness without known cause |
| iatrogenic illness | bad response to medical treatment iatro relating to medical treatment |
| congenital | existing from birth |
| Due to aging | normal progression of life |
| telemetry | provide continuous cardiac monitoring |
| Skeletal system | bone, cartilage, joint,bone marrow, ligament, synovial, bursa: osteo, chondro,arthro,myelo,ligament,syno,bursa |
| chondro | cartilage |
| bone tissue | periosteum, compact bone, spongy, medullary cavitiy |
| periosteum | outer surrounding of bone |
| compact bone | cortical bone, dense had oute protective layer- heavy |
| spongy bone | cancellous bone, pourous; red bone marrow |
| medullary cavity | central cavity of shaft creates yellow marrow |
| endosteum | lining the medullary cavity |
| bone marrow | hemopoietic tissue that manufactures red blood cells, hemoglobin white blood cells and thrombocytes. |
| cartilage | chondro- connective tissue shock absorber for joint, articular and meniscus |
| articular cartilage | covers surface of bone to create joints |
| meniscus | fibrous cartilage esp: knee and mandibular |
| diaphysis | shaft of bone |
| epiphyses | wider end of long bones |
| foramen | opening in bone that blood vessels, nerves and ligaments pass |
| process | normal project on the surface of the bone; serves as attachment site |
| joint | articulations, union between two or more bones |
| fibrous joint | dense |
| fontanelles | soft joint cranium |
| occipital | back/base cranium/skull |
| parietal | scalp cranium skull |
| frontal | front skull |
| temporal | sides/base of cranium right/left |
| sphenoid | area anterior to temporal right/left skull/cranium |
| nasal bones | upper bridge/ nose |
| zygomatic bone | cheek bone RT/LT skull/cranium zygo-joining |
| maxillary bone | upper jaw-doesn't move |
| mandible | skull: lower jaw |
| palentine | skull: hard palate of mouth/floor of nose |
| lacrimal | skull: socket of eye orbit/skull/cranium, orbit, |
| inferior conchae | skull: thin bones forms interior of nose |
| vomer bone | skull: base of the nasal septum(cartilage) |
| thoracic cavity ribs | 7 true, 3 false, 2 floating |
| chin | face category |
| orbit | eye socket skull/cranium |
| sternum | breast bone |
| shoulder | RT/LT: clavicle, scapula, acromion |
| acromion | extension of scapula distal |
| Arm bones | right/left: humerus, radius, ulna, olecranon process |
| Hand | carpals, metacarpals, phalanges 1-5 thumb ==1 |
| wrist | eight carpal bones, which divide into two rows: a proximal row and a distal row |
| meta carpals | palm bones 1-5 thumb ==1 |
| vertebrae | bones of the spinal column; cervical 7, thoracic 12, lumbar 5 |
| cervical disks | neck disk 7 |
| thoracic disks | back disks 12 |
| lumbar disks | lower back disks 5 |
| sacrum | triangle bone above coccyx/tailbone |
| coccyx | tail bone, caudal |
| pelvis | ilium, ischium, pubis, pubic symphysis cartilaginous |
| il | bottom of pelvis loop RT/LT |
| acute | bad outcome: |
| deferential or rule out | rule out testing: code: only an inpatient for hospital |
| remission | "history" and now in remission: is reocurring code as NEW; still treating == CHRONIC |
| ischium | lower posterior bone when sitting |
| acetabulum | hip socket |
| pubis | anterior portion of pubic bone |
| Leg bones | femurs, patella, knee popliteal, ligaments, tibia, fibula |
| femurs | thigh bone |
| knee | patella: RT/LT |
| tibia | shin bone THICK large calf bone |
| fibula | thiner shin bone FINE |
| ankle joint | joint connect lower leg and foot: talus, malleolus (R/L), calcaneus |
| talus | articulates with tibia/fibula superior tarsal |
| metatarsals | bones to the toes1-5 |
| calcaneus | heel bone |
| ankylosis | absence of of movement/stiff |
| adhesive capsulitis | frozen shoulder |
| baker's cyst | cyst behind knee RA |
| arthritis | inflamation of the joints |
| osteoarthritis | OA- degenerative |
| spondylosis | spinal OA osteoarthritis |
| gout | inflamation of joint from uric acis |
| rheumatoid arthritis | RA autoimune disorder: chronic |
| ankylosing spondylitis | RA esp vertebrae |
| Juvenile rheumatoid | JRA |
| spinal column | disks skeletal: cervicle1-7, thoracic1-12,lumbar1-5 |
| lower leg | tibia, fibula thick/fine |
| patella | right/left |
| cruciate ligaments | anterior/posterior knee right/left |
| phalanges | upper fingers/lowertoes Rt/Lt 1-5, proximal, distal, middle |
| Skeletal system MDs | chiropractor, orthopedic, osteopath, podiatrist, rheumatologist |
| subluxation | partial displacement:Injury 4 codes |
| lumbago | lumbar back pain |
| spina bifida | congnital bifida==split |
| kyphosis | abnormal increase curvature thoracic spine |
| primary cancer | where cancer starts: can be the history or reoccursite |
| secondary | where cancer spreads to metasisizes |
| osteoporosis | loss of bone, chronic |
| osteopenea | thin bones,-underlining condition? |
| closed fracture | no open cut: no general anesthesia: cast included the first time |
| open fracture | open skin; general sedation |
| comminuted fracture | crushed shaft |
| pathologic fracture | break under normal strain: aging- not trauma |
| spiral fracture | bone twisted apart |
| stress fracture | overuse injury |
| transverse fracture | straight across |
| fat embolus | fat cells from yellow bone marrow released |
| crepitation | unusual grating sound from two broken bones move; joint movement; or pneumonia lungs |
| radiograph | xray |
| arthroscopy | internal visual examination of joint |
| bone marrow biopsy | sample of bone marrow for diagnosis |
| bone marrow aspiration | syringe to withdraw tissue for diagnosis |
| MRI | magnetic resonance imaging |
| arthrocentesis | test to check joint; needle .inflammation:synovial fluid |
| Ultasonic bone density testing | for osteoporosis |
| Dual xray absoptionmetry | measure hip/spine/density |
| orthotic | mechanical appliance, eg: splint, leg brace |
| prosthesis | substitute for a diseased/ missing body part |
| percutaneous diskectomy | suction out rupture disk: which disk percutaneous==through skin |
| percutaneous vertebroplasty | bone cement is injected : which disk |
| laminectomy | removal of disk: which disk |
| spinal fusion | fuse vertebrae: which disks |
| craniectomy | removal part of skull: where |
| craniotomy | incision in skull |
| cranioplasty | repair skull |
| osteoclasis | surgical fracture of a bone to fix deformity |
| ostectomy | surgical removal of bone |
| perosteotomy | cut through the periosteum to the bone |
| Muscular system | muscles, fascia, tendons |
| muscles | tissue surrounds nerves, protects bones: tissue contracts/relax |
| fascia | tissue that covers, separates muscles |
| Tendons | attach muscles to bones |
| muscle types | skeletal, smooth, myocardial |
| smooth muscle | internal organs like digestive trac, involuntary-autonomic |
| myocardial muscle | heart |
| skeletal muscle | muscle attached to the bone |
| abduction | movement of the limb: to |
| adduction | movement of limb: pain, tingling, place |
| deltoid | muscle shoulder cap |
| pectoralis major | muscle- pecs: pace maker site |
| biceps brachii | muscle upper arm anterior (humurus) |
| abdominal | stomach muscles, obliques, |
| trapezius | muscle triangle head,neck should blade dorsal |
| gluteus maximus | buttocks: often absess/ulcer dorsal |
| Hamstrings: | biceps femoris, seitendinosus, semimenbranosus |
| biceps | muscle upper arm anterior |
| triceps | muscle upper arm posterior |
| gluteus maximus | buttocks RT/LT |
| deltoid | muscle shoulder cap triangle RT/LT |
| frontalis | muscle fore head |
| temporalis | muscle lifts jaw to closed position |
| masseter | muscle to lift jaw to close for chewing |
| Pectoralis major | trunk muscles chest RT/LT under Mast/ breast |
| external oblique | muscle side abdomen slanted RT/LT:: RLQ/LLQ |
| internal oblique | muscle off midline of abdomen slanted RT?LT |
| rectus abdominis | muscle center of abdomen helps breathing: supports spine |
| transverse abdominis | muscle located on the side of the abdomen for laughing/coughing |
| deltoid | muscle cap of shoulder |
| trapezius | muscle triangle head,neck shoulder blade dorsal |
| rectus femoris | muscle anterior extends upper leg |
| quadriceps | 4 muscles of the thigh, vastus, lateralis, vastus medialis |
| gastrocnemius | calf muscle "stomach of the leg for the way it looks" |
| Muscular system MDs | exercise physiologist, neurologist, occupational therapist, physiatrist, PT, sport medicine physician |
| fascitis | inflamation of th fascia |
| fibromyalgia | chronic: pain cannot be pinpointed: disability |
| Tenosynovitis | inflmation of the sheath surrounding the tendon, synovial tissue |
| Ataxia | lack of muscle coordination: caused by abnormal cerebellum:.sequela of CVA |
| Itermittent claudication | pain in leg muscle, relieved by rest, due to poor circulation PVD:.code the cause |
| cramps/spasm | spasm: chk : "code spasm, upper right arm, adverse effect of vacination" |
| Myasthenia gravis | Mg: chronic autoimmune disease use: CHK stroke CVA |
| Hyperkinesia | over use of |
| Overuse injuries | injuries caused by continual use Chk sports |
| Overuse tendinitis | inflammation of the tendon from over use. Chk injury |
| Rotator cuff snydrome | inflamed tendons of shoulder RT/LT |
| Paralysis | loss of sensation and muscle control: CHK injury, CVA |
| hemipasresis | slight paralysis/weakness: where/ CHK |
| hemiplegia | paralysis one side of body: RT/LT: CHK injury, CVA |
| -plegia | paralysis |
| paraplegia | both legs paralysis |
| quadriplegia | all extemities paralysis |
| my/o | muscle |
| polymyositis | inflammatory disease creating weakness |
| -cele | hernia/swelling |
| -fibr/o | fibrous tissue |
| -rrhexis | rupture |
| hypotonia | decrease muscle tone |
| angi/o | blood vessel or lymph vessel |
| aort/o | aorta |
| ateri/o | artery |
| ather/o | plaque, fatty substance |
| brady- | slow |
| cardi/o | heart |
| -crasia | mixture or blending |
| -ernia | blood, blood condition |
| erythr/o | red |
| hem/o, hemat/o | blood, relating to blood |
| leuk/o | white |
| phleb/o | vein |
| tachy- | fast rapid |
| thromb/o | clot |
| ven/o | vein |
| myocardio infarction | heart attack MI |
| apex | lower V of the heart |
| Cardiovascular system | heart, blood vessels and blood |
| pericardium | double walled membrane sac encloses the heart |
| parietal percardium | fibrous sac that surrounds the heart |
| percardial fluid | lubricrant to prevent friction of the heart beat |
| visceral pericardium | inner layer of the pericardium sac |
| epicardium | external layer of the heart |
| myocardium | middle and thickest heart layer |
| endocardium | inner layer of the heart wall |
| Superior vena cava | large vein RT: transport deOxy blood to heart from upper body |
| purkinje fibers | Electrical conduction of the ventricular muscle |
| arteries | blood vessels carry Oxy blood away from the heart |
| aorta | largest vessel starts from left ventricle, main trunk of the arterial system |
| carotid | major arteries up to the head, RT/LT, internal to brain, external to face |
| arterioles | artery to capillaries |
| capillaries | network of smallest vessel |
| veins | low presure return low O2 poor blood to the heart |
| venae Cavae | largest veins to return deOxy blood to the heart |
| Superior Venae Cavae | returns deOxy blood from the upper body/superior |
| Inferior venae Cavae | returns deOxy blood from the lower body/ inferior |
| Cardio Vascular system MDs | cadiologist, hematologist, vascular surgeon |
| artherosclerosis | hardening/narrowing vein/arteries |
| atheroma | deposit of plaque |
| angina | chest pain |
| stable angina | pain during exercise goes away |
| unstable angina | pain precusor of MI |
| angina pectoris | stable angina |
| atrium | upper chambers of heart RT/from veins |
| ventricle | lower chamber LT from arteries |
| Aorta | large artery carries blood from heart |
| Lymphatic and immune system | absorbs fat, fat-soluble vitamins, destorys pathogens, returns to veins |
| anti | against |
| carcin/o | cancerous |
| immun/o | immune |
| lymph/o | lymph node/gland |
| lyphangi/o | lymph vessel |
| neo | new/strange |
| -oma | tumor, neoplasm (cancer) |
| onc/o | tumor |
| phag/o | eat/swallow |
| -plasm | formative material of cells |
| sarc/o | flesh connective tissue |
| spleen/o | spleen |
| -tic | pertaining to |
| tox/o | poison |
| cervical lymph nodes | located alon the sides of the nes/ RT/LT |
| axillary lymph nodes | located the arm pits RT/LT |
| ingunal lymph nodes | groin/RT/LT |
| antigen | foreign substances: virus, bacteria, toxin, transplanted tissue |
| lymphocytes | lympho cells, mature, diferentiation=modified |
| B cells | lymphocytes specialized cells B cell confronts a pathogen....transformed to a plasma cell to destroy pathogen |
| plasma cells | secretes a large volume of antibodies |
| T Cells | Origin thymus, cell mediated immunity not antibodies |
| Cyokines | proteins released primarily by TCells |
| interferons | produced to response to antigens |
| interleukins | directs B and T cells to divide |
| lymphoid | pertaining to lymph |
| lingual | pertaining to the tongue |
| tonsil | lymphoid tissue prevent pathogen from respiratory nose and mouth |
| adenoids | nasophayngeal tonsils RT/LT |
| platine tonsils | RT/LT find: Tonsils |
| lingual tonsils | base of the tongue, oral, mouth RT/LT |
| thymus | lymphoid gland above heart stimulate maturation |
| vermiform appendix | hangs off cecum large intestine/colon RLQ Structure, DIGESTIVE System, some lymphatic functions |
| Spleen | lymphoid tissueLUQ inerior to diaphragm posterior to stomach, filters from blood: |
| allergens | allergic substance: code |
| toxins | poisonous: code |
| malignant cells | cancer cells: immune system attempts to prevent the entry: Code uncertain behaivor |
| thoracic duct | lymph duct in the chest area |
| Axillary lymph nodes | under armpits |
| cervicle lymph node | neck area |
| inguinal lymph nodes | inguinal, lower abdoman, groin RT/LT |
| intolerance | Intolerance.... |
| vaccine | contageous disease (MD) CODE: fever/swelling, place, adverse effect of vaccination |
| Lymphatic and immune system MDs | allergist, immunologist, lympohlogist, oncologist |
| Lymphadentitis | swollen gland :identify cervicle, axillary, inguinal RT/LT |
| lymphadenopathy | diseased lymph node: identify |
| lymphagioma | cancer of lmphnodes unkown:identify |
| ruptured spleen | torn spllen, CODE injury:identify LUQ |
| splenorrhagia | bleeding LUQ |
| splenomegaly | enlargement: LUQ |
| tonsilitis/tonsilectomy | inflammation, CHK adenoids, absence -CODE ectomy |
| lymphoscintigraphy | diagnostic test imaging. |
| lymphedema | swelling: identify |
| adnexa of eye | adnexa of the eye: structure and surrounding |
| orbit | Eye socket |
| EYE MDs | Opthamologist (Code: Diabetic Retinopothy), Optometrist, Optician |
| auris | ear |
| auditory | ear pertaining to2 |
| stricture | stuck and removal: how? Code: removal earring, pinna lobe, how, where, , activity-- skin, ear, R/Lt |
| Ear MDs | SLP Speechlanguage-pathologist, audiologist, ENT-ear nose throat |
| Skin structures | skin, sebaceous glands, sweat glands, hair, nails, epidermal,dermis, subcutaneous |
| cutane/o, dermat/o, derm/ | intact skin |
| seb/o | sebaceous secret sebum oil, discourage bacteria |
| hidr/o | sweat glands |
| Integumentary MDs | dermatology, plastic surgeon, cosmetic surgeons: breast reduction remove 8oz both. |
| cauterization | burning the tissue |
| chemabrassion | chemical peel |
| cryosurgery | removal by liquid nitrogen, freezing |
| curettage | removal by scrapping |
| debridement | removal of foreign objects |
| Irrigation and debridement | presurized fluid to remove foreign objects |
| Dermabrasion | scraping/sandpaper |
| Electrodesiccation | tissue destroyed by elctric spark |
| incision | cutting open and drain |
| mohs surgery | tract skin cancer |
| incisional biopsy | cut partial |
| excisional biopsy | cut all: C |
| needle biopsy | using needle to remove part |
| blepharoplasty | eye lid lift RT/LT for impaired vision |
| botox | for migraine |
| lab results | M.D. initial and date to validate |
| Integumentary System | Skin, covering, sebaceous glands, sweat glands, hair |
| cervical lymphnodes | neck area lymphnodes |
| Axillary lymph nodes | thoracix under armpits |
| Inguinal lymph nodes | Inguinal/groin/lower abdomin |
| lasopharyngeal tonsils | adenoids RT/LT |
| -megaly | enlargement |
| -graphy | test |
| -dema | swelling |
| primary lymphedema | hereditary condition |
| secondary lympedema | damage to lymphatic vessels |
| localized allergic response | location of reaction |
| oral thrush | fungus: snoow on togue, white spots: bacterial |
| fungus | parasitic organism |
| chicken pox | varicella |
| shingles | herpes ostre |
| bacteri | bacteria |
| oncology | study of cancer prevention |
| neoplasm | tumor new-growth |
| metastasize | to spread |
| metasisis | describes the process cancer spreading |
| reoccur/reocurring | new code |
| -emia | pressence of blood |
| -isis | condition of |
| Mamm/o | breast, mast |
| sentinel node biopsy | biopsy of the 1st lymph node to com in contact with cancer cells |
| dissection | cut apart to check tissue |
| lumpectomy | removal of cancerous tissue |
| mastectomy | removal entire breast, nipple |
| radical mastectomy | removal breast/mast and surrounding tissue |
| modified radical mastecomy | removal and breast and axillary lymph nodes |
| breast reconstruction | immediate, delayed, |
| sarcoma | tissue cancerous tumor malignant |
| carcinoma | cancerous malignant |
| Reed Sternberg cells | Hodgkin's lymphoma |
| in situ | original place |
| lymphedema | accumulation of lymph inflamtion of area |
| Respiratory system | oxgenates blood and expels carbon dioxide, H2o: nose to lungs |
| Upper respitory system | nose to trachea: nose, trachea, mouth, pharynx, epiglottis, larynx, trachea |
| lower respitory system | bronchial tree, lungs- alveoli |
| nas/o | nose |
| sinus/o | sinuses RT/LT |
| pharyng/o | pharynx nose to trachea |
| laryng/o | larynx voice box |
| epiglott/o | epiglottis, closes trachea |
| trache/o | trachea pass air from pharynx to bronchi |
| bronch/o,bronchi/o | bronchi pass air trachea to lungs |
| alveol/o | alveoli: air sacks that exchange gas in pulminary capillary |
| pneum/o, pneumon/o, pulmon/o | lungs organs for breathing |
| sinus | air filled cavities lined with mucous membranes: face |
| lungs | RT: larger/lobes-superior, middle/inferior. LT: lobes-upper and lower |
| mediastinum | area between RT/LT lungs heart, esophagus, trachea, bronchi, thamusgland, lymph node |
| Pleura | membrane surrounding the lungs |
| parietal pleura | outside membrane of the thoracic cavity covers diaphragm |
| visceral pleura | inner membrane attached to lungs |
| pleural cavity | space filled with fluid between parietal and visceral to ease friction |
| Diaphragm | dome muscle separate thoracic cavity and abdomen, for BREATHING: respiratory |
| Respiratory system MDs | otolaryngologist, pulmonologist, thoracic surgeon |
| Bronchitis | Inflamation of Bronchial tubes RT/LT imaging: Acute and chronic |
| pneumonia | inflamation of the alveoli |
| emphysemia | long term lung disease alveoli usu: smoking |
| asthma | chronic inflammation of the bronchial tubes |
| rhin- | nose |
| Croup | URI: accute with bacteria:B96.89 |
| Epitaxis | nose bleed: CHK cause- sinusitis unspecified |
| Pertussis | whooping cough: bacterial |
| Influenza | URI: code " J"-confirmed |
| Rhinorrhea | Runny nose often headache, congestion |
| -asis | forming the name of a disease |
| -edema | swelling, excessive fluid accumulation |
| -ia | abnormal condition |
| -pnea | breathing, apnea, bradypnea.... |
| obesitiy/anorexia | Code: BMI |
| Cough | body reaction from UR irritation : CHK smoking, bronchitis (imaging) otherwise URI, |
| Respiratory Failure | condition when blood is not oxygenated enough: CHK Cardio |
| O2 dependency | needs oxygen |
| Tracheotomy | tracheal incision clear airway |
| -centesis | surgical puncture to remove fluid |
| thoracotomy | surgical incision of the chest wall to get to pleural cavity |
| Digestive system | mouth to gastointerstinal tract, rectum/anus: mouth,thorax,esophagus,stomach, small intestines,colon,rectum, |
| Epidermis | top layer of skin: Epithelial; squamous epithelial tissue, basal laery, keratin, melanocytes, melanin |
| Dermis | middle layer of skin: corium: connective tissue, blood, lymph vessels, nerve fibers, hair follicles, sebaceous glands, sweat glands |
| Subcutaneous | deep layer of skin, adipose, ateries, muscle, fascia |
| or/o | mouth |
| pharyng/o | pharynx |
| esophag/o | esophagus |
| gastr/ | stomach |
| enter/o, ile/o | small intestines ile/o |
| col/o, colon/o | large intestines |
| an/o, proct/o rect/o | rectum, anus, proc |
| hepat/o | liver |
| cholecyst/o | gall bladder, stores bile |
| pancreat/o | pancreas |
| GI | gastrointestinal |
| -phagia | to eat |
| labia | lips/adip |
| soft palate | posterior palatine: closes for swallowing |
| hard palate | anterior platine: |
| esophagus | tube: soft muscle pharynx to stomach |
| pylorus | sphincter ring muscle to close stomach to small Intestines |
| sphincter | 7 ring muscle to close off areas, cardiac esophagus, pylorus stomach, of oddi gallbladder,pancreatic, ileocecal, anal, urethra and iris |
| Digestive Systems MDs | Dentist DDS, DMD, Gastroenterologist, interist, orthodontist, periodontist, Proctologist, |
| Polyp | myshroom like growth surface of the musous membrane |
| inguinal | groin, |
| Steat- | presence of fat |
| Cirrhosis | Chronic degenerative of the liver:hepat |
| Hepatitis A; B; C | liver iflammation A-foodborne; B-blood bone; C Bloodborne |
| Cholangitis | cholecyst inflammation: bacterial |
| cholecystitis | Gall bladder inflammation: gall stones |
| gallstone | cholelith |
| Pancreas | organ posterior to the stomach, digestive and endocrine- |
| inguinal | groin |
| peptic | pertaining to Stomach: UGI |
| -pepsia | digestion |
| Urinary System | homeostasis: maintains H2O, NA and acids filtering through the Kidney, Ureters, urinary bladder, adrenal glands, uretha |
| Renal- | kidney RT/LT |
| Urinary System MDs | nephrologist, urologist, |
| nephro- | pertaining to kidney |
| calculus | abnormal mineral deposit Urinary |
| cyst/o | bladder |
| Dialysis | PLACE: procedure to remove waste hemodialysis |
| Hemodialysis | PERSON receiving: process to filter waste blood e.g. CODE: on Dialysis and received Hemodialysis. |
| ureter/o | ureter duct from kidney to bladder |
| ablation | destruction of tissue through surgery, drugs, heat.....Entire |
| catherization | prcedure to put a tube through the blood vessels, for diagnosis and procedure |
| Nervous system | Brain, spinal cord, nerves12/31, sensory organs/receptors, eyes, Ears, nose, skin tongue |
| cerebr/o, encepha/lo | brain |
| myelo/o | spinal cord |
| neur/i, neur/o | nerves 12, 31 |
| -esthesia | sensation |
| -esthet/o | feeling, sensation |
| mening/o | membranes, meninges |
| phobia | fear |
| psycho | mind |
| radicul/o | root or nerve root |
| -tropic | having an affinity for |
| CNS Central nervous system | brain and spinal cord |
| PNS peripheral nervous system | 12 pairs of cranial nerves extending from the the brain to the 31 spinal nerves: sen |
| alimentary canal | food passes: mouth, pharynx, esophagus, stomach, small intestines, colon, rectum |
| Brain parts | Cerebrum, thalamus, hypothalamus, cerebellum brainstem |
| Cerebral lobes | four lobes: frontal, parietal, occipital, cerebellum |
| hemoptysis | coughing up blood |
| -ptysis | spitup |
| -py/o- | pus |
| -ectasis | stretching/enlargement |
| atel- | incomplete |
| sputum | spit/mucous mixture |
| eupnea | normal breathing |
| URI | Upper respiratory Infection nose-trachea |
| epiglott/o | epiglottus cartilage |
| UGI | Upper GastroIntestine mouth-end of stomach |
| LGI | Lower GastroIntestine Ileum to rectum |
| Gingiva | gum |
| Stomach parts | esophageal sphincter, body/pouch/rugae/pyloric sphincter |
| small intestine | duodenum , jejunum, ileum |
| large intestine | cecum, ascending colon, transverse, descending,sigmoid |
| pylorus | base area of the stomach plyloric sphincter to dudenum |
| peptic | pertaining to stomach |
| Barrett's esophagus | chronic bleeding of the esophagus, GERD |
| Esophageal varices | swollen veins the the lower are of the esophagus, Chk |
| Gastroparesis | poor working of the stomach CHK Diabetic complication |
| Peptic Ulcers | gastric in stomach, duodenal area, perforating entire stomach wall |
| chacexia | physical of wasting away:.cancer, AIDS/HIV(B20) |
| Dehydration | loss of H2O, smyptom Why? |
| Malnutrition | Lack of nutrition Why |
| Nausea | urge to vomit, Why? |
| -emesis | vomit |
| Hemorrhoids | internal/external |
| Melena | blood in stool |
| Cirrhosis | liver cirrhosis, chk alcohol use |
| puberty | 0^12, O+ 11 years old |
| -mycosis | disease caused by fungus |
| -pexy | surgical fixation to organ to tissue wall structure |
| Kidney structure | cortex== outer; medulla== inner region; tubule ==small tube; nephron functional units forming urine, renal pelvis |
| nephron | part ot the kidney that forms the urine |
| ureters | RT/LT from kidney to urinary bladder |
| KUB | kidney urinary bladder Urinary System |
| Dialysis/Hemodialysis | status on Dialysis; ARF+HTN+DM+Insulin; Received |
| pyel/o | renal pelvis |
| Nerve Types | ganglion, innervation, plexus, receptors,stimulus, reflexes, neurons |
| Meninges | Brain Dura outer, arachnoid middle, pia inner |
| -ptosis | upper eyelid droop |
| sensory organs and receptors | eyes, ears,nose, skin, tongue |
| reflexes | automatic involuntary response eg coughing |
| Neurons | Afferent impulses to brain; Connecting both A and E; Efferent from the brain to |
| CNS, PNS MDs | anesthesiologist, anesthetist, neurologist, neurosurgeon, psychiatrist, psyhcologist, social worker |
| cephalalgia | head ache |
| dementia | decline of mental ability |
| Alzheimer's Disease | degenerative brain: with behaioral or without |
| opt/i, opto, optic/o,opthaalm/o | receptor organ: eye |
| ir/i, ir/o, irit/o | iris eye part that control ight into the eye |
| phac/o, phak/o | lens eye focus'light into eye |
| retin/o | eye converts image into electrical impulse for brain |
| diacryocyst/o, lacrim/o | eye part lacrimal apparatus: produce, store and remove tears. |
| acous/o,audi/o, ot/o | ear recptor organs Od right, Os left Ou |
| Pinn/i | outer ear |
| labyrinth/o | inner ear |
| Eye muscles | superior/inferior obliques; superior/inferior rectus, lateral/medial rectus, |
| aphasia | without speech a-phasia |
| -phasia | speech |
| neuropathy | nerve diseased; chk DM |
| anesthesia | epidural; general total; local-local, regional-interruption nerves to be blocked; spinal-epidural, topical-ontop |
| lumbar puncture | spinal tap: needle biopsy |
| OD | Oculus Dexter-RT |
| OS | Oculus Sinister-LT |
| OU | Oculus Uterque Both |
| Eye structure | Adnexa oculi: conjunctiva, pupil, lacrimal gland, iris, lacrimal glands-inner, outer(distal), eyeball |
| conjunctiva | white part of eye that is a film over the eye-protection from |
| walls of the eye | sclera, choroid, retina, |
| Front/Anterior of eye | pupil, iris, cornea, lenscilliary body,muscle, suspensory ligament |
| Back/Posterior of eye | Retina, retinal arteries and veins, Fovea centralis, Optic nerve, Choroid |
| sclera | eye: outer wall of the eye |
| Choroid | middle layer of the eye wall |
| retina | eye: inner layer image to brain |
| closed/open glaucoma | Acute/chronic chk DM |
| phacoemulsification | operation removal lens and insertion of lens all together |
| Outer ear | Pinna, external auditory canal Cerumen-gland wax |
| Middle ear | Tympanic membrane, surrounded by the mastoid bone cells: auditory ossicles, Eustachan tubes, |
| Auditory Ossicles | 3 small bones, mallcus-hammer, incus- anvif, Stapes stirrup middle |
| Inner Ear | labyrinth, oval window, cochlea |
| Unguis | finger/toe nail: free edge, lunula, cuticle, nail root |
| ecchymosis | bruise (ecchym pouring out juice) |
| pruritus | itching chk: allergic reaction |
| sunburn | degree of burn, how |
| presby/o | old age |
| -opia | vision condition |
| kreato/o | hard, cornea |
| myring/o | middle ear: tympanic membrane |
| ot/o | ear, hearing |
| phak/o | anterior eye: lens of eye |
| scler/o | outer eye wall sclero |
| top/o | turn, change |
| lacrimal gland | tear glands under upper eyelid |
| canthus | eyelids meet, outer distal, inner proximal |
| Uvea | color part of the eye |
| macula, macula lutea | light sensitive-macula small area |
| fovea centralis | middle of the macula |
| rods/cones | bw / color |
| epiyhelial tissue | epidermis: Inguin thin, continuous, protective layer of cells |
Created by:
lasuzuki
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